May and June is a very critical stage of nutrient management for apple trees throughout the year. Fertilization in this period can determine the yield and quality of apples in that year, and also has a close relationship and impact on the yield of the next year.
The first task is the expansion of young fruit. Starting in May, the apple entered the first stage of expansion of young fruit. The demand for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the first stage of the expansion stage of apple young fruit began to increase. This period requires a relatively sufficient supply of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which is the key to determining the size of the fruit throughout the year. At the same time, this stage is also the peak period for calcium absorption of fruit trees throughout the year. By supplementing the calcium fertilizer with high absorption utilization rate, it is also a key means to determine the apple's surface light.
The second task is the second peak of root growth. In the three stages of fruit tree root growth, phosphorus is the key; secondly, boron and calcium can stimulate the development of the root system and cooperate to promote the increase in the number of root hairs. Therefore, in these stages, sufficient water-soluble phosphorus, effective phosphorus and simultaneous stimulation of calcium and boron, is the key to ensuring the health of the root system, and is also the key to determining whether the fruit tree can produce high yields.
In the third task, the new shoot stops and the blade area increases. This period requires a certain amount of nitrogen and magnesium to ensure the quality of the leaves, and a reasonable leaf-fruit ratio can ensure apple yield. Therefore, at this stage, the thickness of the leaf and the reasonable area of ​​the leaf are promoted, and prevention of some leaf diseases is the key.
The fourth task is flower bud differentiation. In Yuncheng District, Shanxi, from the beginning to the middle of May, the growth of the new shoots of fruit trees gradually stopped and began to gradually enter the flower bud differentiation period. At this stage, there must be sufficient nutrient supply and a reasonable ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to ensure the fruit tree ’s The quantity and quality of flower buds. Phosphorus can promote flower formation. Water-soluble effective phosphorus is the key to flower formation. In addition, nitrogen is also an essential element for flower bud differentiation. Nitrogen deficiency may cause the proportion of deformed flowers to increase. Potassium can increase the activity of flower formation enzymes. In addition, foliar spray The application of trace elements such as zinc, boron and molybdenum all have some help to the differentiation of flower buds. Flower bud differentiation is a very complicated process, and every key node will affect the flower formation, but the artificial adjustment of the reasonable supply of nutrients is the key.
At the same time, phosphorus supplementation is the key in May and June, and is the primary measure to promote the differentiation of flower buds and overcome the large and small years.
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