The “drip†for greenhouse vegetables is actually a water and fertilizer integration technology that integrates irrigation and fertilization. Specifically, with the aid of a pressure system (or natural topography), soluble solid or liquid fertilizers are added to the soil nutrient content. The fertility requirements of the vegetable species, the formulated fertilizer solution together with the irrigation water, and the water supply and fertilizer supply through the controllable pipe system make the drip irrigation through pipes and drippers form uniform, timed, quantitative and infiltration vegetables. The root development area keeps the main root soil loose and suitable moisture content. It is the most effective water-saving irrigation method at present, and the utilization rate of water can reach 95%. Because there is no sufficient supply of water between the plants, weeds do not grow easily. As a result, the phenomenon of vegetables and weeds competing for nutrients is greatly reduced, and weeding is also reduced. Due to convenient operation, drip irrigation can be implemented with high-frequency irrigation, and the outlet orifice is small, the flow velocity is slow, and each irrigation time is long, the soil water content has a small range of change, so the soil in the root zone can be controlled to be kept close to the most suitable for a long time. Humidity of vegetable growth. Drip irrigation is micro-irrigation, water slowly and evenly into the soil, can play a role in maintaining the soil structure, and the formation of a suitable soil water, fertilizer, and thermal environment. 1. Composition of Drip Irrigation System Drip irrigation equipment is mainly composed of water source, water pump, filter, flow and pressure regulator, fertilizer mixing tank, fertilizer injector, piping system (main pipe, branch pipe and dripper) and other components. Places with no tap water can be supplied with miniature electric pumps currently on the market. Drip irrigation requires a water delivery pressure of 1 to 1 kg/cm2, which is equivalent to a pressure of more than 10 meters of water column, so when setting up a water tower, its height should be higher than 10 meters. The simplest filter is a gauze with more than 30 holes per square centimeter, requiring the exclusion of particles or impurities greater than 4.4 millimeters in diameter. The volume of the fertilizer mixing box is generally 0.5-1.0 cubic meters. In winter greenhouses, drip irrigation pipelines generally use two types, namely trunk and branch pipes. The dripper is mounted directly on the branch pipe. Filters, flow (pressure) regulators, and fertilizer mixing tanks should all be installed in the head of the main pipe. If the water quality is good, and after a certain period of precipitation, filters can also be omitted. Fertilizer solution can be injected into the fertilizer tank, and then drip with small water into the pipe, or into the pressure tank. During the drip irrigation process, the dripping condition of each dripper should be checked frequently, and abnormal conditions should be promptly adjusted. 2. Operation method First, when filling the water, close the pipette valve of the fertilizer applicator first, then open the valve to the maximum, and then turn on the pressurized water source to irrigate the water. Second, when fertilizing water, close the valve and turn on the switch of the fertilizer pipette. Fix the filter at the bottom of the fertilizer solution barrel and turn on the water to fertilize it. After the fertilization is over, the switch on the suction pipe must be closed, and the valve should be opened to continue irrigation so as to flush the residual fertilizer in the pipe. 3. Precautions 1 To control the system pressure, the system working pressure should be controlled within the specified standard range. 2 The filter is a key component to ensure the normal operation of the system. It should be cleaned frequently. If the filter is found to be damaged, it must be replaced in time. 3 The emitters are easily damaged and should be carefully managed. When not in use, they should be gently rolled up. Do not crush or drag on the floor. 4 Strengthen management to prevent debris from entering the emitter or the water supply pipe. If any debris is found, the plug should be opened and flushed. When the temperature in the winter greenhouse is too low, appropriate measures must be taken to prevent the frozen plastic parts, the water supply pipes and the emitters. 6 When drip irrigation, slowly open the valve and gradually increase the flow to drain the air, reduce the impact pressure on the emitter, and extend its service life.
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