After rice lodging, not only the seed-setting rate decreased, but also the grain weight decreased, and the harvesting was difficult. The diseases and insect pests were too heavy, the quality was poor, and the losses were too large. Generally, the yield was reduced by about 20%. Lodging two kinds of lodging and stem lodging, the general root lodging occurs after the wax ripening period, because the field is not put aside, the field long-term water retention, soil paste rotten, poor root development, shallow roots, poor root support, the formation of top-heavy, After a slight invasion of external forces such as wind and rain, it is prone to lodging; stem lodging usually occurs after heading, due to improper fertilization or high density, resulting in soft stems, can not afford the weight of the upper and lead to lodging.
Causes of lodging
1 Poor paddy field, long-term maintenance of water layer in field, enlargement of airway in rice stem, thinning of cell wall, large interval between cells, soft and loose tissue, poor root development, few hair roots, shallow root distribution, and poor rooting.
2 improper fertilization, panicle fertilizer applied too early too heavy, resulting in the first part of the base between the two extension, the group is too large, thinning stems, stems and sheaths to store less material, poor support. Preventing lodging measures
1 Scientific fertilization. The application time of panicle fertilizer should be accurate and the quantity should be appropriate. This is beneficial to the stalk filling and control the elongation of the internodes of the base to enhance the lodging resistance of the plants.
2 adhere to scientific irrigation. After rice is transplanted, the trees grow in water and the water is shallow. A well-grounded plot will start cropping when the number of acres per mu reaches 90% of the expected number of panicles. For fields with poor soil quality, wait until enough seedlings are allowed to put aside the field, and then put it in a water-hard plate and then water it. Before the irrigation, the water should not see the back water, that is, after the water is poured, it should be dried naturally for 1-2 days and then the second water should be poured. However, in the field of rice tillering and heading and flowering, shallow water layers must be maintained. The irrigation method described above facilitates the exchange of water and gas in the root layer, improves the growth environment of roots, promotes the growth of new roots, lowers the roots, expands the root groups, strengthens the support of the roots, and increases the lodging resistance.
3 adhere to disease prevention and pest control. Especially for sheath blight and rice planthopper, according to the situation of pests and diseases, timely medication control, so as to avoid pests caused by rice lodging.
4 increase silicon fertilizer. In the initial stage of rice jointing, 10 kg of silicon fertilizer was applied per acre to increase the thickness of the culm and increase the lodging resistance.
Restoration after lodging
After rice lodging, it is necessary to remediate in time. The main measures are:
1 Drain and drain lightly in time. This has a positive effect on reducing the spread of sheath blight, prolonging the functional period of the leaves, promoting grain filling, preventing sprouting of the ear and rot of the stem.
2 potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed on the outside. 200 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per acre, watering 10 kg of foliar spray.
3 Use 100% 5% Jinggangmycin and spray 10 kg of water to control sheath blight. Jinggangmycin and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be mixed with medicinal fertilizer.
4 After lodging, it is not appropriate to hold rice. Keep in mind that when the rice is lodging, don't stick the rice, because the fallen rice plants usually fall backwards. The rice ear, the stem stem section, and the first and second leaves are all exposed on the surface. After lodging for 3-5 days Due to the automatic regulation of rice plants, the blades and cobs will be automatically tilted, especially in the fields where the lodging is less severe, and the rice plants are more capable of automatic adjustment. After lodging, it will artificially destroy the natural distribution of rice ear, panicle, and leaves, causing mechanical damage to increase, resulting in more serious lodging losses.
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