Sci Rep: Scientists successfully cleared HIV-1 in CD4+ T cells for the first time
March 24, 2016 Source: Bio Valley
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];March 23, 2016 / Bio Valley BIOON / -- The gene editing system designed by scientists at Temple University's Lewiskas School of Medicine is a step closer to the ultimate goal of curing HIV-infected AIDS patients. In an article published in scientific reports, researchers using CRISPR technology can effectively and safely remove HIV-1 virus from cultured human cell DNA.
"Antiviral drugs are very effective in controlling HIV infection, but once they stop taking the drug, patients will suffer a rebound in HIV replication." The presence of a large number of HIV viruses weakens the immune system and eventually the patient will develop AIDS.
Since its discovery in 1981, AIDS has already surpassed more than 25 million lives. Curing AIDS is the ultimate goal in the field of HIV research. But when the virus has integrated into CD4+ T cells, clearing the virus proved to be very difficult. Many recent studies have attempted to reactivate HIV in order to stimulate the immune system to clear the virus in infected cells. But so far, this method of guiding snakes out of the hole has not been successful.
Dr. Khalili and colleagues have tried a different approach to targeting the HIV-1 integrated genome with special gene editing techniques. The method includes a targeting RNA that maps HIV-1 DNA in the T cell genome, a nuclease that cleaves the T cell DNA strand. As long as the nuclease cleaves the HIV-1 DNA sequence, the loose end of the genome can be rejoined by the cell's own DNA repair mechanism.
In previous work, the Khalili team has confirmed that their technology can cut HIV-1 DNA in human cell lines. In the latest study, they focused on resting CD4+ T cells and infected CD4+ T cells, demonstrating that this technology not only removes viruses from cells, but also tolerates HIV so that it does not repeat infection. More importantly, they did a half-in vivo experiment to culture CD4 T cells from HIV-infected patients, indicating that treatment of the gene editing system inhibits viral replication and greatly reduces the viral load of the patient's cells.
Another part of the research is the mop effect and toxicity. Using a deep genome-wide sequencing approach, this is the gold standard for genetic evaluation. The researchers analyzed the mutation rate at other locations targeted by the guide RNA, excluding the mop effect and the potential concomitant effects on cellular gene expression. Studies of cell viability and reproduction have demonstrated that cells that clear HIV-1 can function normally. (Bio Valley Bioon.com)
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