Release date: 2017-08-17
There are countless casualties behind the war, and after the war, there is more than just peace, and great advances in medicine.
The first world war, known as the "first mass killing of the 20th century," became the fastest period of human medical advancement.
During this period, doctors learned how to greatly improve the survival rate of soldiers, learned how to quickly deliver the wounded to the hospital, cleaned the wounds, and repaired the surgery to ease the injury.
Today's accustomed medical tools: ambulances, fungicides and anesthesia are all exchanged for the painful price of a war.
The first mass killing in the 20th century
In August 1914, a war broke out in France. If a soldier was injured, he could only use a horse-drawn carriage or a basket hanging on both sides of the body to transport the wounded from the battlefield to the hospital.
Those seriously injured and completely incapacitated wounded will be taken to the train station, placed on the straw of the livestock transport compartment, and sent to the nearest city hospital. On the way, the wounded will not be bandaged for emergency rescue, and there is no water or food.
Even in the Battle of the Marne in early September, more than a thousand injured French soldiers were abandoned in the straw fields of a village near Mocheng.
During the World War I, Navigli, in the Agonne region of France, the wounded were sheltered in a church attacked by a bomb.
In order to rescue those wounded soldiers, American ambassador Myron T. Herrick called on all his friends with cars to do this, especially the board of directors of a US hospital (a small, external military hospital that has just been remodeled from a school building). friend.
This temporary medical rescue team brought back 34 wounded people in the first place, and then more and more.
The appearance of the temporary medical rescue team determines whether the wounded are dead or alive, amputated or healthy. The rescue operation also marked the birth of the mobile ambulance team.
The emergence of "new fungicides"
In the early stages of the war, especially in the first six weeks, 300,000 French soldiers were injured. Even if a group of highly skilled surgeons treat them, unnecessary amputation cases are still scary.
The difficulty in treatment is infection. Soldiers lived in filthy trenches for a long time, and once injured, the wounds will immediately rot.
But doctors don't have any effective way to kill those cockroaches, so take Clostridium perfringens, it will cause rapid necrosis of the tissue, causing gas gangrene.
The famous French surgeon Theodore Duffier proved to the French Medical Association in 1915 that 70% of amputations were caused by infections, not because of primary injuries.
Professor Duffier also mentioned that the fungicide is not satisfactory, and the gas gangrene is the most difficult to handle. All the abdomen penetrated the wounded, and finally died of shock, infection... He tried 15 cases of surgery in the case of abdominal penetrating wounds, but none of them succeeded.
In fact, they have given up any attempt to treat abdominal penetration through surgery. Large and small wounds have been infected. Commonly used fungicides, mercury, carbolic acid, iodine, etc., do not work.
At this time, the "Savior" appeared, the French doctor Alexis Karel, applied to a country for a castle and converted it into a military hospital for research. His colleague, the British biochemist Henry Dakin, perfected the use of sodium hypochlorite to kill dangerous bacteria without the need for fire.
Karel used this new fungicide and insisted on thoroughly washing the wound with a flushing method, saving tens of thousands of people from amputation. Later, this new technology was called the "Karel-Dakin's Law" and was widely adopted by doctors in European countries during the war.
During the First World War, France’s crowded No. 114 evacuated hospital
Invention of "new anesthetic"
Shortly after the outbreak of World War I, Dr. George Clear, a volunteer at the American Ambulance Hospital, and a nurse named Agatha Hawkins invented a new type of anesthetic.
When he went to the battlefield support, he gave Karel, Dakin and other French surgeons an demonstration of this anesthetic: using nitrous oxide mixed with oxygen, the amount just happened to make the patient fall into a coma but not in a state of shock.
"When it comes to the advancement of the use of nitrogen oxides, the doctors first expressed disdain for it, and soon they were amazed and admired."
Because a patient suffered from neurological surgery for a long time, Nurse Hawkins accepted his request and applied anesthesia to him. The patient was happy to say that the effect was very good. Subsequently, France began to use this anesthesia technique.
American doctor George Clear (middle) and other volunteers,
Lakeside Hospital, Cleveland, France, 1915
Ambulance on the battlefield
The invention of fungicides and anesthesia allows the wounded to be rescued immediately upon arrival at the hospital, but without the ambulance and specialized hospital trains sending them there, the hope of the wounded to survive is also slim.
Fortunately, at the time, many philanthropists made significant contributions to this, such as Anne Harriman Vanderbilt to purchase cars, and Ford Motor Company also donated 10 T-type chassis to modify the ambulance. By the end of 1914, the number of ambulances in the US Field Ambulance Service had increased to more than 100.
Subsequently, volunteer drivers from 48 universities in the United States arrived one after another. At the end of World War I, the field ambulance service team had reached a scale of about 2,500.
In 1915, 55 Harvard students came to France for volunteer support. In the dark night, they kept driving on the broken road and picking up the wounded from the back of the battlefield.
The services provided by the thousands of drivers, doctors, nurses and social volunteers who volunteered in the United States were not forgotten by the French people.
In 1915, Punta Musong suffered a serious bombing. A resident volunteer named in his hometown wrote in his book: "These tough French wounded soldiers are great fighters."
"When a volunteer lifts a wounded soldier out of the car, a very common scene is: a French soldier, even if he was suffering from tremendous pain, he would try his best to seize the hands of American volunteers. Sometimes I feel that my tears are coming out."
An American ambulance in the Verdun area
"This war has made medical treatment the biggest beneficiary."
What is driving a major advance in medicine?
The answer is extreme demand and the pace of people stepping up to find solutions.
The development of military technology during the war — such as heavy artillery, long-range artillery and machine guns — has caused unprecedented damage. In this case, medical care has to fight to catch up.
A good example of medical advancement is: facial reconstruction surgery.
In the war, even if the soldiers survived, their jaws and nose may have been crushed by cannon fragments, so the surgeons at the American Ambulance Hospital and Valgres Hospital created the maxillofacial surgery technology, and at the same time the French medical community. Brought dental science.
The war has shown the urgency of similar medical problems, and doctors from all walks of life are also seeking non-stop solutions.
At the time, Mary Merrit Crawford, the only female doctor at the American Ambulance Hospital, later commented that the war brought death and destruction, but it also opened a path for progress.
"This war has made medical care the biggest beneficiary. How terrible this is, but it does bring great progress to medical care."
Source: Lilac Garden (micro signal dingxiangwang)
Pain Relief Patch for Breast
[Name] Medical Cold Patch
[Package Dimension] 10 round pieces
The pain relief patch is composed of three layers, namely, backing lining, middle gel and protective film. It is free from pharmacological, immunological or metabolic ingredients.
[Scope of Application] For cold physiotherapy, closed soft tissue only.
[Indications]
The patches give fast acting pain relief for breast hyperplasia, breast fibroids, mastitis, breast agglomera tion, swollen pain.
[How To Use a Patch]
Please follow the Schematic Diagram. One piece, one time.
The curing effect of each piece can last for 6-8 hours.
[Attention]
Do not apply the patch on the problematic skin, such as wounds, eczema, dermatitis,or in the eyes. People allergic to herbs and the pregnant are advised not to use the medication. If swelling or irritation occurs, please stop using and if any of these effects persist or worsen.notify your doctor or pharmacist promptly. Children using the patch must be supervised by adults.
[Storage Conditions]
Store below 30c in a dry place away from heat and direct sunlight.
Pain Relief Patch For Breast,Pain Relief Plaster For Breast,Relief For Breast Pain,Pad Relief Patch For Breast
Shandong XiJieYiTong International Trade Co.,Ltd. , https://www.xijieyitongpatches.com