Earthworm is also known as earthworm, earth element and aphid and is an important Chinese medicinal material. All the female insect drugs, the male can also be human drugs before the final peeling, cold, phlegm, with broken knot, prolactin, phlegm and other effects. The use of artificial soil worms is easy to learn, low cost, high efficiency, it is suitable for farmyard yard feeding, soil maggots is a good project for farmers to get rich. 1. Biological characteristics of earthworms Earthworm insects have to pass through three stages: egg, nymph and adult. From male nymphs to their wings, it takes about 8 months. The females are wingless and mature about 9-11 months. Males died 5-7 days after mating. One week after the mating of the females, eggs can be laid and one egg is produced at the end of one copulation. June-October is the mating period. From late April to late November, eggs can be spawned, and spawning seasons are expected from July to October. Eggs stick together into a block called egg sheath, brown, kidney-shaped or English-shaped, about 0.5 cm long, 40-60 days after hatching larvae. The optimum temperature for egg hatching was 30CC-35°C. The newly hatched nymphs were slightly white and licked once every 25-50 days, including 8 for males and 10-11 for females. 2. Breeding facilities 2.1 Tools: There are four types of tools. No. 1 screen square eyes 8.5 mm; No. 2 screen square 3.5 mm; No. 3 sieve slightly similar sieve, square eye 2 mm; No. 4 screen square eyes 1.2 mm. 2.2 Egg Sheath (钵): Some. 2.3 Feeding pits: In order to save space, a five-layer pit structure is generally used. The back of the pit is against the wall, and the walls of the left and right cement panels are erected along the wall with a spacing of 66 cm. A cement cover is tiled above. Wallboard specifications: 36 cm high, 53 cm wide and 3.3 cm thick. Hang pit door in front of the pit, divided into upper and lower sections, the lower half of the section with a cement board buckle plug people, specifications: height 20 cm, length 66 cm, thickness 3.3 cm; the upper half made of solid wood frame, install the door . According to this structure, a second floor is constructed above the first floor cover, and five floors are built in turn. Pits are evenly laid in the pit. Soil requirements loose, loose, wet, first use 3 sieve to remove soil, and then mixed with appropriate amount of plant ash, moisture content of about 20% is appropriate. The larvae of 1.4-month-old nymphs should have a thickness of 6-7 cm, and the thickness of the nymphs and adults above 5th instar should be 10-12 cm. 3, scientific feeding earthworm insectivorous food more complex, commonly used main feed: wheat bran, rice bran, bean curd residue, melon peel, vegetable leaves, sweet potato vine, duckweed and animal feed. 1-4 instar nymphs are not good at unearthing activities. They mostly feed on the soil surface. Therefore, a layer of dry soil can be sprinkled on the surface of the raising soil. The fine material is directly sprinkled on the soil to facilitate larvae feeding. More than 5 instar nymphs and adults like to unearth food, can spread 3 cm thick rice husk on the surface of the feeding soil, sprinkle the feed on it, so that the soil worm can be unearthed, through the rice husk to remove the worm body soil, keep feed clean. In the low-temperature months, 36-September, once every two days, the temperature is high, and the earthworms grow fast and have a large food intake. They need to feed once a day. Feeding time is good in the morning. It should be noted that the fine material should be fed with the green material, and feeding more animal feed can promote the growth and development of the earthworm. 4. The ovum sheathing ovum sheath (cockroach) is specially used for hatching egg sheaths. The method of cultivating soil in hatching cylinders (clams) is: crush the cow dung first, and then use cows manure and fineness on the 3rd sieve. The soil is sieved, then mixed in the proportion of cow dung and semi-soil, and a little water is added to adjust to a person's tank (钵). During the middle of May-August, the ovary can be hatched in the same year, and a urn should be set every month. The egg sheaths and the egg sheaths of May after the end of August last year were all hatched into larvae by the end of July. After hatching, the larvae were screened out of the egg shells with a No. 2 sieve, and the larvae were screened with a No. 3 sieve. After the number of points, the larvae were raised to the first time in the original place, and then transferred into a breeding pit for rearing. 5. Management of breeding pits Soil maggots live in groups in the soil and should therefore be raised at high density. 1-3 larvae of nymphs can feed 10-20 animals per square centimeter; 4-6 nymphs can feed 6-10 per square centimeter; 7-9 nymphs can feed 1.5-3 per square centimeter. In order to make it balanced, as the nymphs grow, they should be kept in separate stalls. Usually 1 to 6 years old is divided into 1st grade; when 7 to 8th grades are combined, the female nymph is divided into 1st grade; 9.11th instar nymph is 1st grade. The darkness of the rearing pit should be used to promote the growth and development of the earthworms and increase the yield. 6. The management of the mother worm pit should be made of pits that are easy to operate and used as mother wormholes in order to speed up reproduction and increase the scale of farming. In order to ensure that the female worms are all fertilized, they should be allowed to mate without wings. One month after the winged male was found in the pit, the mother and female were screened with No. 4 sieve. At this time, the female worm was pink or dark gray under the belly. The large, healthy, lively animal was concentrated in the mother worm pit. Strengthen feeding. The adult males that have been screened are also put into the parent wormhole. When selecting males and females, they should choose large, healthy females and also feed them in human wormholes. The humidity of the feeding soil in the mother worm pit should be larger, and the succulent feed should be fed to supplement the moisture of the mother worm. Otherwise, the female worm will eat eggs due to lack of water, affecting reproduction. After the eggs are laid, the eggs should be screened every 5 days. 7. The harvesting and processing of earthworm nymphs The female nymph is the main object of harvesting, and the body weight is the highest at the age of 9-11. The male nymph is the highest body weight at the age of 8 years, and the economic benefit is high at this time. When the nymphs were 8 years old, the nymphs were screened with No. 1 and the males were swiftly singed. The females were kept for 9 to 11 years of age. The larvae that were produced in the previous year must have been brewed and processed. After the fresh worms die with water bubbles, they are cleaned and dried until they are dry.
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