Efficient planting and management technology of loofah in sunlight greenhouse

The temperature is very high now, and it is the time to eat more loofah, and loofah is also a common melon vegetable that every household in the rural area will grow. The current planting modes of loofah are two kinds of open field and greenhouse cultivation. Let's learn the key points of the greenhouse greenhouse loofah cultivation technology together.

Efficient planting and management technology of loofah in sunlight greenhouse

1. Choose a variety

Both five-leaf loofah and prismatic loofah are acceptable. Five-leaf loofah is a common common variety.

2. Nursery

The loofahs planted in the winter and spring seasons are usually sown in the first half of October to ensure a batch of commercial melons go on the market before the Spring Festival. The nursery is carried out in a solar greenhouse, and the seedling bed is buckled with the small arch shed. Before sowing, soak seeds in 103 nanometers for 20 to 30 minutes (min), remove and wash, soak in 25℃ warm water for 5h (h), rinse seed coat mucus, wrap with wet gauze, accelerate germination at 30℃, and 90℃ when white sowing. The temperature of the seed bed is controlled at 25-30°C during the day, and the temperature is not lower than 15°C at night. After the seedlings are fully grown, let the air flow out properly. The temperature of the seedbed should be maintained at 20-25°C during the day and 12-15°C at night to avoid excessive growth of seedlings.

Efficient planting and management technology of loofah in sunlight greenhouse

3. Colonization

At the end of November or early December, when the melon seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart, and the seedlings are about 45 days old, the melon seedlings are planted in the solar greenhouse on sunny days from 9:00 to 13:00. Field preparation and fertilization were carried out 20 days before field planting, and 3500 kg of rotted chicken manure, 25 kg of superphosphate and 40 kg of potassium sulfate were applied every 667 m2 at a depth of 30 cm. After raking, the ridges are formed with a row spacing of 70 cm, a width of 30 cm, and a height of 15 cm. Two days before planting, water the seedbed to minimize root damage during transplantation. The planting distance is 30 ~ 35 cm, there are about 4000 plants per 667m2. Immediately after planting, the plastic film is covered, and the holes are introduced into the film. Cover the film in accordance with the method of "dividing the ditch and covering the ditch" in order to draw water from the ditch under the film and reduce the humidity in the greenhouse.

4. Management after colonization

â‘ Temperature

About 7 days (days) after planting, there is insufficient ventilation to increase the indoor temperature and promote the early growth of seedlings. After the nursery has slowed down, the greenhouse temperature is controlled at 20-30 °C during the day. When the temperature is higher than 30 °C, the top wind is released. When the temperature is lower than 23 °C, the vents are closed, and the night temperature is maintained at 14-16 °C. In cold weather, temporary heating measures should be taken So that the night temperature of the greenhouse is not lower than 10℃.

â‘¡Fat water

Before the result, the seedling fertilizer can be recovered 1-2 times in combination with watering, and rotten human feces or a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied. After fruiting, they entered a vigorous growth phase. Vegetative growth and reproductive growth are synchronized, requiring more fertilizer and water. Normally, watering and fertilizing once every 10-20 days (days), 10-15 kg urea can be applied every 667m2, and 10-15 kg ternary compound fertilizer can be applied at intervals. Loofah has a great demand for water. During the setting period, the soil should always maintain high humidity. Watering should be done on a sunny morning and should "water in the dark" along the ditch below the movie. After watering, water should be released in time to expel water.

â‘¢Plant adjustment

After shaking the seedlings, use a sling to guide the vine hanger. After the main vine extends to a certain height, manually lower it. In order to maintain the growth advantage of the main vine, all the side vines were removed before the first female flower appeared, and after the subsequent side vines grew melons, a leaf was kept for timely topping. In June, when the external temperature rises significantly, the greenhouse film will be removed in time. This is a good season for the growth and development of loofah plants. If you are not in a hurry to stubble, the loofah branches and tendrils can grow freely on the greenhouse support, but pay attention to spread the tendrils evenly to form a good light condition.

Efficient planting and management technology of loofah in sunlight greenhouse

â‘£ Baogua

Loofah is a cross-pollinating crop. Under protective cultivation conditions, in order to produce melons normally, artificial pollination or hormones must be used. Loofah usually blooms in the evening until 10:00 the next day, so artificial pollination should be done in the morning. In production, artificial pollination can also be replaced by imidacloprid soaking flowers, using 10 mg to 750-1000 ml of water, and can soak the flowers and ovary the day before or 1d (day) before the female flowers of loofah bloom.

5. Disease and pest control

Loofah disease is mainly epidemic and anthracnose. The former is controlled by 40 times aluminum 400 times solution plus 25 times alcohol 400 times solution. The latter can be controlled by 40 times Fume Double and 300 times Fume Double. Common pests include aphids and whiteflies, and low-toxic pesticides should be sprayed in time to control them at the stage of "spotting".

6. Harvest

Loofah mainly eats tender melons, usually harvested when the loofah stems are smooth, the fluff is reduced, and the skin is soft but not smooth. About 10-12 days (days) after flowering, picking should be done in the morning. Loofah has a strong ability to continue to grow. It should be picked frequently throughout the fruiting period. It should be picked every 1-2 days. If you are not in a hurry to catch the stubble, it can be picked in mid to late September.

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