In March, the temperature rises. In addition to paying attention to temperature changes and taking measures to prevent cold springs, fruit growers must also perform management tasks such as inspections, scraping and curing rot diseases, increasing branches to promote short branches, re-cutting before flowering, fertilizing and pulling branches, etc. jobs.
Continue to check and scrape rot
Methods: Drainage coating method; fertilizer sludge coating method (mixing of biological bacterial fertilizer and pure soil according to 1:3~4); large scars with bridging, bridging with basal root tillers or stored apple branches.
Adding branches to fill the gaps to promote short branches
Method: According to the requirements of "early, near, deep, and long" for those who need to grow vigorous branches, and "late, far, shallow, and short" for those who need to grow short branches. Need to renew the backbone large branches, branch groups and the parts of small branches that need to grow after thinning large branches, select the bud position above or in front of it, use a small hacksaw or hand saw to cut deep to the xylem, and cut buds to promote branches or (after the tree is peeled) Use "cut belly to join" cuttings to fill in the gaps.
Time: 20-30 days before germination until the end of one week after germination; at the same time, the method of segmental ring cutting can be used to promote short shoots; when the top buds are sprouting, the top buds are broken off to inhibit the dominance of the top to promote short branches.
Double cut before flower
In the bud development period, short truncated flowered branches and bunched flowered branches, thinned out senile branches, retracted and rejuvenated weak flowered branches, and kept the rate of flowering branches at about 30%.
The thinning of the inflorescence should be carried out from the elongation period of the inflorescence to the separation period. The fruit should be retained according to the fruit-branch ratio of 1:3~4 or the fruit spacing of 15~25 cm. Into flowers.
Fertilize
For orchards that did not apply basal fertilizer in the fall of last year, they should hurry to apply them before the first and middle of this month. Application rate per mu: 80 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 50 kg of special formula fertilizer, and 80 kg of organic fertilizer.
Pull branch
Pull branches when the sap is flowing; for trees that are not easy to bear fruit, implement strong pull and more slow release, depending on the branch type, the branch angle is 90° (main branch) ~ 120° (lateral branch).
Young tree management
Saplings of 1-3 years old promote ridge cultivation, arrange the rows to be high in the middle and low on the two sides, presenting a "fish ridge shape" with a height difference of about 15 cm. Cover the tree trays with plastic film after top dressing, and water the orchard after fertilization if conditions permit.
Qingyuan
Spray 48% chlorpyrifos 800-1000 times + 3% emamectin benzoate 2000 times + plant regulator 300 times during the germination period, or spray 3 to 4 degrees lime sulfur mixture alone.
Prevent lobular disease
The main causes of lobular disease are: zinc deficiency, unreasonable fertilization, soil structure is destroyed and zinc cannot be absorbed, wounds caused by excessive pruning are difficult to heal, and the tree is weak.
Small-leaf diseased trees can be combined with basal fertilizer and root application of zinc sulfate 0.5 to 1 kg per plant; spray 3% zinc sulfate + 0.5 to 1% urea before germination and it will be effective that year.
Root application of biological bacterial fertilizer can fundamentally improve the soil structure, release nutrients to promote the normal development of roots and restore tree vigor.
The year's plan is spring. Only in the spring can the apple orchard be managed well, and the harvest season can produce high yields.
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