Seedling treatment
Prepare seedling measures such as nutrient soil to cultivate healthy and disease-free melon seedlings. Seedling management: including seedbed temperature regulation and seedling tempering, humidity regulation, space regulation and seedling fertilization technology, etc.
Field management
Site preparation and site selection: ***Select the previous crop, which is not melon crops, to plant in loam with good drainage and rich in organic matter. Transplanting seedlings and planting: When the wax gourd grows to 2 to 3 true leaves, it can be transplanted. The planting specification is 0.7 to 0.9 meters, and it is planted in double rows.
Fertilizer and water management: Winter melon requires a large amount of fertilizer, and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied. When the weight after fruiting reaches 4 to 5 kg, topdressing should be reapplied; after the vines are put on the shelves, the water demand gradually increases. Pay attention to frequent watering to keep the soil moist. Pay attention to draining water during rain.
Trimming and pressing the vines: remove the side vines in time and remove all the side vines before setting the fruit; when the melon vine grows to 60 cm, press the vine with new soil on the 6 to 7 nodes, and press again every 4 nodes. Arrange the vines: use the scaffolding method or the skeleton dragon root method. Artificial pollination and retention of melons and hanging melons: use artificial pollination at 8-9 am, keep melons on the 18th to 30th node of the main vine, and lift the melons in time when they grow to 2 kg. Topping: Generally, the topping and side vines are removed at the 8th to 10th nodes after leaving the melon to promote fruit growth. Pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: mainly to prevent diseases, fusarium wilt and thrips.
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The advantages are as follows:
(1) It is possible to truly control the amount of irrigation, irrigation time and irrigation cycle in a timely and appropriate manner, thereby increasing crop yield and significantly improving water utilization.
(2) Saving labor and operating expenses.
(3) The work plan can be arranged conveniently and flexibly, and the management personnel do not have to go to the field at night or other inconvenient time.
(4) Since it can increase the effective working time every day, the initial capital investment in pipelines, pumping stations, etc. can be reduced accordingly.
classification:
First, fully automated irrigation system
The fully automated irrigation system does not require direct human involvement. The pre-programmed control procedures and certain parameters that reflect the water requirements of the crop can automatically open and close the pump for a long time and automatically irrigate in a certain order. The role of the person is simply to adjust the control program and overhaul the control equipment. In this system, in addition to emitters (heads, drip heads, etc.), pipes, fittings, pumps, and motors, it also includes central controllers, automatic valves, sensors (soil moisture sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, water level sensors, and rain sensors). Etc.) and wires.
Second, semi-automatic irrigation system
In the semi-automated irrigation system, no sensors are installed in the field. The irrigation time, irrigation volume and irrigation period are controlled according to pre-programmed procedures, rather than feedback based on crop and soil moisture and meteorological conditions. The degree of automation of such systems is very different. For example, some pump stations implement automatic control, and some pump stations use manual control. Some central controllers are only one timer with simple programming function, and some systems have no central control. The controller, but only some of the sequential switching valves or volume valves are installed on each branch pipe.
Automated irrigation is the trend of the times. In the future water-saving irrigation projects, more and more automated irrigation systems will be applied.
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