Raspberry planting management technology

First, the choice of the park:

Raspberry is a tree species that produces perennial roots and ground-grown branches each year. It is hi light, hi temperature, need to choose ventilation, light, fertile soil, convenient land for irrigation. Sporadic parcels and plantings behind houses can also be used to produce not only fresh fruit, but also beautify the environment. At present, most of the raspberries are exported to European countries and the United States, and the environmental requirements are very strict. Therefore, as an industrialization development, the plot should be selected away from the sources of pollution.

Second, soil preparation:

Before planting, we should fully plow the soil and eliminate weeds. Low-lying groundwater should be dug. Double-season row spacing is suitable for 1.5×0.4 meters. Mu with 1110 seedlings, a single point of a single plant, each hole can be applied into the decomposed farmyard fertilizer about 3 kg, mixed with the surface soil into the mix, can play a role in drought resistance, anti-mite, high yield.

Third, planting time and methods:

The raspberry planting period is mainly spring planting and autumn planting, as well as summer planting and winter planting (Southern).

The spring planting can be in the early stage of seedling germination after soil thawing, and the north can be planted when the soil is thawed 15cm deep; the spring planting is suitable for early planting.

Autumn planting is preferred after the lignification of the seedlings until the soil is frozen. The survival rate of autumn planting is high, and it will germinate early in spring and grow faster. The best one month before the soil is frozen.

After the autumn in the north, there are conditions to cut off the remaining branches on the ground, and cover about 2 centimeters of soil or seals with wax in order to maintain moisture before freezing. After the spring freeze, remove the soil in time to prevent axillary buds.

Summer planting is generally conducted in the middle and early June. When the root seedlings grow to 30-40 cm, the tender seedlings with more complete soil and root systems will be planted in the planting hole. Once permeable, seedlings begin to grow in 7-10 days. Summer planting is mainly suitable for field nursery or planting in the nearest area.

Winter planting is a suitable planting method for growers introduced in the south. In the early winter or late winter, when the soil is not frozen, the planted plantlets will be planted in good time in the autumn. The advantage of this planting method is that seedlings can have a dormant period after planting, and as the temperature rises, they can gradually adapt to adapt to the local climate and increase the survival rate.

Planting methods:

For larger plantings, seedlings should be planted and buried in wet sand at the shade. Pre-planting the seedlings properly pruned, generally retain the root 10 cm, long can be cut off, less than 10 cm only repair wound roots, dry roots, rot roots, repair seedlings should be placed in water soak 3-6 hours, conditional It can be soaked with the rooting agent according to the instructions. The dry area should be soaked with the biological fertilizer slow release agent to increase the survival rate.

When planting, the thickness of the buried soil shall not exceed the original footprint of the seedlings, and the original soil marks shall not be seen, and the depth shall not exceed 10 cm.

A dry, sloppy plot of land is digging a hole 20 centimeters deep so that it is buried deep and shallow. The thickness of the buried soil does not exceed the original footprint of the nursery stock.

When planting, the roots will be stretched around, the soil will be pressed on the ground, and finally the water will be poured. After the water seeps, the seedlings of the roots will be covered with soil (can not exceed the original soil mark). Drought after planting should be properly watered, dry areas should be poured once a week, run through the dry soil layer. Pour frozen water in the autumn before freezing. Do not plant more than 10 cm deep.

Fourth, daily management

Raspberry, like other crops, requires daily routine management such as grass weeding, loose soil, and watering on dry days.

Pruning: The pruning of double-season raspberry is relatively simple. After the spring seedlings are sprouted, they can be trimmed at any time according to the growing trend, and the thin branches and damaged branches can be cut off, and the roots that have grown too densely can be cut off or transplanted. After the autumn results, all the branches will be cut off and there will be no need to bury them in the cold. There are more than 3000-4000 shoots in the high yield period to ensure the convenience of management, ventilation, light transmission, gaps between plants, distance, and convenience for harvesting.

Important production increase technology: In the second spring, when the soil is defrosted at two or three centimeters, the underground stem of the seedling will be cut off at about two or three centimeters. In so doing, the new seedlings that are issued can be issued from the roots, grow strong, and yield high. If underground stems are not removed, many seedlings will emerge from the stems, and such seedlings will grow weak and yield low. Underground stem removal is an extremely important technical measure to ensure production. In winter, the land is not frozen and the underground stems can be cut off one month before the seedlings germinate.

Stretch: Put the pillars at a distance of about 10 meters and pull the wire at a height of 1.5 meters. When the seedlings reach this height, the seedlings can be tied to the iron wire.

Fertilizer: Apply fertilization in the fall after clearing excess plants before entering the winter. The method is: 30-40cm away from the side of the plant plexus, dig deep and wide each 25cm fertilization ditch, apply fertilizer 2.5kg, and then water and cover the soil, the second year of fertilization to the other side. When the plant height is 10cm in spring, the 1.5% urea is sprayed on the foliage and sprayed again after half a month, which can effectively promote plant growth and flower bud differentiation. Or apply appropriate amount of compound fertilizer. Two and four weeks after the initial flowering, spray a 1.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or osmotic potassium fertilizer to increase the sweetness and size of the fruit.

In the budding stage, flowering period, fruit expansion period and buried period of cold-proofing, irrigation should be carried out in time, that is, returning to Qingshui, flowering water, abundant water and frozen water. In the rainy season, drain water in time and fix the drainage ditch.

V. Pest control and weed control

In spring, the buds at the tip of the plant and the inflorescence at the top of the plant have mild damage to the leaf roller moth. When the damage is slightly heavy, spraying 2000 times of 5% lelifering EC or pyrethroid pesticide can all play a preventive and therapeutic effect.

Herbicides, (1) Alachlor broad-spectrum herbicide, suitable for weeds before sprouting soiled table, mu with 100% EC 500 grams diluted with water 100-150 times. (2) Glyphosate is suitable for deep-rooted perennial grass weeds, with 10% liquid agent 1500-2500 grams per mu, watered 40-50 kg, spray grass leaves. (3) Simazin is suitable for annual grass weeds and broad-leaved weeds, with 50% wettable powder 15-20 g water and 50 kg spray, with an effective period of 2-3 months. The amount of sandy land is 4.5-7.5 grams. At present, strict requirements are imposed on the export of frozen fruit, and no or less pesticides should be used. Diseases and insect pests should be based on the actual situation in the local area, using highly efficient, pollution-free, pesticides that meet the standards of green food, and be handled in a flexible and timely manner.

Some musk can be planted around the orchard, and the smell of musk can effectively repel insect pests such as fruit flies and beetles. Musk alias is also known as Qi Lixiang, vanilla, thyme, Zhuge grass, lemongrass grass, lemongrass, fine-leaved thatch, wild thyme, lime grass, foul grass and so on.

Weeding: According to the specific circumstances to timely cultivator weeding, loose soil should be shallow should not be deep, generally 8-12cm is appropriate.

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