1 facility structure
1.1 Shed
The greenhouse is a 6.5m30m galvanized pipe arched plastic shed with four vertical slots and a height of 3.2m. The height of the shoulder is 2.0m. The plastic film is installed on the roof, and the shed feet to the knee point are installed at the inflection point. In order to facilitate ventilation and cooling, winter installation of plastic film insulation.
1.2 planting tank
Four 8 planting troughs are arranged horizontally in the greenhouse, and 50 cm working channels are set vertically at the two ends of the greenhouse. The length and width of each planting trough is 14.25m1m, and the working channel width between the troughs is 50cm. The planting trough adopts the form of three bricks stacked flatly. Built, about 18cm high. Accumulated planting troughs (non-cemented grounds are required to flatten the topsoil in the troughs), and then 1-2 layers of plastic film, with a thickness of 0.2 mm, can prevent leakage of nutrient solution; then fill in cultivation sand to full, available Contaminated river sand is better cultivated with coarse sand with a grain size of 1.5-4mm accounting for more than 80%.
1.3 liquid supply system
1.3.1 Storage reservoir Each reservoir needs to build a volume of 2ml. 5m1m cement storage liquid he, for the preparation of nutrient solution and water storage for drip irrigation.
1.3.2 Drip Irrigation Device Shapei usually adopts open drip irrigation and does not recover nutrient solution. To accurately determine the amount of liquid supply, three observation ports (plastic or bamboo) can be set in each planting tank. The drip irrigation device consists of a capillary tube, a dropper and a dripper, and a strainer is equipped with a dripper. In order to ensure uniform liquid supply, branch main pipelines are set up in the middle of the greenhouse, and the capillary tubes are extended from both sides of the main branch pipeline.
1.3.3 Liquid Supply System The liquid supply system consists of a self-priming pump and a filter (a filter with a 100-mesh gauze is installed between the self-priming pump and the main pipe to prevent impurities from blocking the dripper). (peφ25mm), branch main pipe (peφ25mm), capillary (peφ15mm), dropper (peφ2.5mm) and dripper. The well-matched nutrient solution is pumped by the self-priming pump through the filter in the reservoir, and then is distributed to the drip irrigation system through the main pipeline and the branch pipeline. The dripper is then dropped into the cultivated sand around the plant for absorption and utilization.
2 Cultivation Management Technology
2.1 Choice of Variety
The small watermelon varieties suitable for greenhouse cultivation should have the characteristics of precocity, moisture resistance, disease resistance, easy fruit setting, high quality, and suitable for close planting. According to the two-year planting, the crowns and golden beauty of the yellow-red flesh, the green-red flesh of the Jialing, the early spring red jade, the orange-yellow flesh of the green flesh, Whelan, etc.
2.2 Mouthwash arrangements
According to the market supply and demand conditions and people's consumption characteristics, the spring planting should be sown at the end of February to the beginning of March, harvested from the end of May to the beginning of June; autumn planting should be sown at the end of August to the beginning of September, harvesting from the end of November to the beginning of December. In order to make full use of the greenhouse, a leafy vegetable can be arranged in summer.
2.3 Cultivation of strong seedlings
2.3.1 Preparation of seedling substrate Use fine sand and mushroom slag to mix by volume 1:1, and stir in calcium superphosphate (over lmm sieve) 1g/l, then add ammonium nitrate 0.5g/l, potassium sulfate 0 .5g/l, magnesium sulphate 0.25g/l (the latter 3 kinds of fertilizers must be dissolved with a little water and then added), stir until the fertilizer and the matrix are evenly mixed, and then sterilize with 0.4% formalin for 12 hours. , Spread out to dry standby.
2.2.2 Seed soaking and germination Watermelon seeds were first immersed in 0.4% formalin for 1 hour, washed out with water, then soaked in clean water for 8-10 hours, and then used to remove the seed epidermis with a towel. The mucus is sloughed off, wrapped in a damp cloth, placed in a plastic bag, placed in a person's personal pocket, primed with body temperature, and after 12 hours, boiled once with warm water, usually after 24 to 36 hours, most of the seeds can be exposed. Will use.
2.3.3 Seedlings are generally selected for use in nutrition bags (sorghum) or nursery plugs. First fill the prepared matrix with every hole on the nutrition bag or nursery plug, and use a finger to hit the hole of l-l.5cm depth, release the seed of the bud, and make one bag per hole. Cover the seedlings with a substrate; then use a sprayer or withdrawing the kettle to irrigate the water and cover the membrane to prevent rain and moisture from sprouting. Uncovering the night cover, watering from time to time to transplanting.
2.4 timely planting colonization
Watermelon seedlings can be transplanted and planted when they grow to 2-3 true leaves, with 2 rows per planting trough, 50 cm spacing, and 448 sheds. When transplanting, it must be handled with care, dig a sand hole by hand, take watermelon seedlings (pay attention to the prevention of loose pockets) and put them into the hole, and backfill with sand, but do not have to compact. Careful attention should be paid when planting, cotyledons can be exposed on the sand surface, and after the planting, the rooting water is poured and then the liquid supply system for drip irrigation is opened.
2.5 Nutrition Management
2.5.1 nutrient solution calcium nitrate 826mg / l, potassium sulfate 607mg / l, nitric acid according to 53mg / l, magnesium sulfate 370mg / l, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 181mg / l, microelements general formula.
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