The degree of mating potential of meat-breeding cocks will directly affect the fertilization rate of the eggs and the economic benefit of the farmers. For this reason, according to the work practice and some advanced experiences in various regions, the author will introduce the three-phase rearing and management techniques of meat breeder cocks with the potential to be introduced as follows, for reference only.
First, the brooding period This period is mainly to cultivate healthy male species. Due to the influence of seed selection and other factors, species males begin to be smaller than their mothers. Therefore, careful care and careful care must be given during the brooding period in order to ensure their survival rate will not affect the future public. Mother ratio.
1, in the brooding period to take the male and female feeding. From the start of brooding, males and females should be kept separately so that not only careful management of the roosters can be performed during the brooding period, but also the weight of the roosters can be effectively controlled in the future.
2, feeding and management methods are the same as the mother and chick. The amount of feed should be calculated flexibly according to feeding standards. At the age of 1-7 days, the feed is fed through the tray. After 1 week, the bucket is used. Its height is adjusted at any time according to the height of the back of the male.
3, correct fault. The age of deafness is generally controlled between 6 and 8 days of age. This technique requires the use of skilled breeding technicians. Attention should be paid when breaking the knot: The breaking of the roost must be accurate, and the length and length of cuts will seriously affect the ability of catching chickens after mating, which will seriously affect the potential of their breeding potential. The criterion for a broken jaw should be: 2 mm from the edge of the nostril to the break. Some multivitamins should be added before and after the break to reduce stress.
4, early limit feed. In order to better control the weight of the rooster, a restricted-feeding program for the roosters can be started from the age of 4 weeks. It has been proved by practice that this not only reduces the stress, but also can well control the weight of the rooster before the mixed group is 130-140% of the weight of the hen.
5. Strictly control the first choice of the end of the brooding period. At the end of the brooding period, you should choose healthy, disease-free, energetic, legs, feet, toes straight, back wide chested cock for use.
Second, the breeding period this period through strict feeding and management, to establish a good sexual reflex. To do this, we must do the following:
1, strict restrictions on feeding, so that timely cock mature. In order for sexually mature males to achieve sexual maturity at the appropriate age, genetic factors and effects of sunlight must be removed, and restrictions must be imposed on breeding so that sexual maturity and body maturation are consistent. Therefore, during the rearing period, it is more flexible to use the feed restriction technology. Such as 1-15 weeks of age to strictly control weight, 16 weeks of age can be relaxed following the feeding program to prevent excessive restriction and affect sexual maturity.
2. Implement nutrient standardization. During the breeding period, the roosters use the same feed nutrient composition as the hens and pay close attention to the feeding area in the management, and whether the drinking water position and the feeding position are sufficient. In this period, if the above position is insufficient, the roosters will increase their fighting ability during the laying period.
3, timely mixed group. Under normal circumstances, males can reach a standard of 40% higher than their weight at 19 weeks of age and they can be mixed. However, two tasks should be done before mixing the groups.
(1) Selection: The selected criteria are basically the same as the first choice. However, attention should be paid to selecting the wrong sex chickens.
(2) Reconstructing the mouth: Generally, one-week-old breeder roosters that do not accurately cut the mouth during the brooding period should be repaired to ensure the accuracy of breaking the pheasant during breeding. Mixing the roosters into the laying hen houses a few days earlier than the hens can help the rooster adapt to the environment and provide more opportunities for roosters. In some respects, it has also been confirmed that doing so can increase the male hegemonic character of the rooster and will facilitate subsequent mating.
Third, the egg production period is to grasp the quality of the roosters. Breeders will generally only focus on feeding and management of hens during the laying period. As everyone knows, the breeding and management of the roosters in the laying period is also very important. Only with a good breed rooster can the fertilization rate of the breeding eggs be better improved, thereby increasing the chicken production efficiency of the entire chicken farm.
1. The proportion of male and female should be appropriate. In the actual production of chickens, the ratio of common males and females is 1:10. After many years of practice, this proportion has not only reduced the fighting between roosters, but also kept the fertilized rate of birds on the ground at around 93%. Fertilization rates using 2/3 shelving are also around 90%.
2, scientific preparation of diet. Because the management goals are different during the laying period, the male and female chickens should be fed diets with different nutritional components. The protein content of the rooster diet should be properly reduced (12-13%), and some multi-dimensional elements and minerals should be supplemented in a timely and quantitative manner in the cockerel material (eg, 40-60 grams of zinc sulfate and 200-250 grams of sulfuric acid per ton of cock material). Manganese, proved to be effective in raising fertilization rate) etc., to meet the breeding needs of roosters to improve sperm vigor and quality.
3, feeding method. During the laying period, male and female chickens have different dietary components. When feeding, male and female chickens should be fed separately: the hens should use automatic feeding devices, and they must be equipped with limit boards or restricted nets. . The rooster uses a bucket to feed. This practice can effectively control the weight of the rooster, so that it is basically not up to the standard in the later period, to prevent the fertilization capacity of the chicken due to over-fertilization.
4, to prevent toe damage. If shelving is adopted, the spacing of the sheds shall not exceed 3 cm. Otherwise, the toes of the rooster will be damaged, affecting the energy and even elimination.
5, timely and well eliminated. Elimination of all identification errors, lameness, and physical defects in the roosters.
6, the establishment of a rooster replacement program: during the laying of chickens in the cock's death and sickness to eliminate, will make the proportion of male and female chickens in the group decreased. Therefore, young cockerels can be added proportionately at the age of 40-46 weeks of the flock and replaced by different batches of cocks. This method can significantly improve the fertilization rate in the late flock. In order to avoid the spread of chicken diseases in different batches, the replacement rooster should be kept in isolation. The new rooster should be placed one hour before dark and distributed evenly throughout the house.
By adopting the above measures, the number of eggs that are not fertilized can be significantly reduced, and the fertilization rate and the economic benefit of raising chickens can be greatly improved.
First, the brooding period This period is mainly to cultivate healthy male species. Due to the influence of seed selection and other factors, species males begin to be smaller than their mothers. Therefore, careful care and careful care must be given during the brooding period in order to ensure their survival rate will not affect the future public. Mother ratio.
1, in the brooding period to take the male and female feeding. From the start of brooding, males and females should be kept separately so that not only careful management of the roosters can be performed during the brooding period, but also the weight of the roosters can be effectively controlled in the future.
2, feeding and management methods are the same as the mother and chick. The amount of feed should be calculated flexibly according to feeding standards. At the age of 1-7 days, the feed is fed through the tray. After 1 week, the bucket is used. Its height is adjusted at any time according to the height of the back of the male.
3, correct fault. The age of deafness is generally controlled between 6 and 8 days of age. This technique requires the use of skilled breeding technicians. Attention should be paid when breaking the knot: The breaking of the roost must be accurate, and the length and length of cuts will seriously affect the ability of catching chickens after mating, which will seriously affect the potential of their breeding potential. The criterion for a broken jaw should be: 2 mm from the edge of the nostril to the break. Some multivitamins should be added before and after the break to reduce stress.
4, early limit feed. In order to better control the weight of the rooster, a restricted-feeding program for the roosters can be started from the age of 4 weeks. It has been proved by practice that this not only reduces the stress, but also can well control the weight of the rooster before the mixed group is 130-140% of the weight of the hen.
5. Strictly control the first choice of the end of the brooding period. At the end of the brooding period, you should choose healthy, disease-free, energetic, legs, feet, toes straight, back wide chested cock for use.
Second, the breeding period this period through strict feeding and management, to establish a good sexual reflex. To do this, we must do the following:
1, strict restrictions on feeding, so that timely cock mature. In order for sexually mature males to achieve sexual maturity at the appropriate age, genetic factors and effects of sunlight must be removed, and restrictions must be imposed on breeding so that sexual maturity and body maturation are consistent. Therefore, during the rearing period, it is more flexible to use the feed restriction technology. Such as 1-15 weeks of age to strictly control weight, 16 weeks of age can be relaxed following the feeding program to prevent excessive restriction and affect sexual maturity.
2. Implement nutrient standardization. During the breeding period, the roosters use the same feed nutrient composition as the hens and pay close attention to the feeding area in the management, and whether the drinking water position and the feeding position are sufficient. In this period, if the above position is insufficient, the roosters will increase their fighting ability during the laying period.
3, timely mixed group. Under normal circumstances, males can reach a standard of 40% higher than their weight at 19 weeks of age and they can be mixed. However, two tasks should be done before mixing the groups.
(1) Selection: The selected criteria are basically the same as the first choice. However, attention should be paid to selecting the wrong sex chickens.
(2) Reconstructing the mouth: Generally, one-week-old breeder roosters that do not accurately cut the mouth during the brooding period should be repaired to ensure the accuracy of breaking the pheasant during breeding. Mixing the roosters into the laying hen houses a few days earlier than the hens can help the rooster adapt to the environment and provide more opportunities for roosters. In some respects, it has also been confirmed that doing so can increase the male hegemonic character of the rooster and will facilitate subsequent mating.
Third, the egg production period is to grasp the quality of the roosters. Breeders will generally only focus on feeding and management of hens during the laying period. As everyone knows, the breeding and management of the roosters in the laying period is also very important. Only with a good breed rooster can the fertilization rate of the breeding eggs be better improved, thereby increasing the chicken production efficiency of the entire chicken farm.
1. The proportion of male and female should be appropriate. In the actual production of chickens, the ratio of common males and females is 1:10. After many years of practice, this proportion has not only reduced the fighting between roosters, but also kept the fertilized rate of birds on the ground at around 93%. Fertilization rates using 2/3 shelving are also around 90%.
2, scientific preparation of diet. Because the management goals are different during the laying period, the male and female chickens should be fed diets with different nutritional components. The protein content of the rooster diet should be properly reduced (12-13%), and some multi-dimensional elements and minerals should be supplemented in a timely and quantitative manner in the cockerel material (eg, 40-60 grams of zinc sulfate and 200-250 grams of sulfuric acid per ton of cock material). Manganese, proved to be effective in raising fertilization rate) etc., to meet the breeding needs of roosters to improve sperm vigor and quality.
3, feeding method. During the laying period, male and female chickens have different dietary components. When feeding, male and female chickens should be fed separately: the hens should use automatic feeding devices, and they must be equipped with limit boards or restricted nets. . The rooster uses a bucket to feed. This practice can effectively control the weight of the rooster, so that it is basically not up to the standard in the later period, to prevent the fertilization capacity of the chicken due to over-fertilization.
4, to prevent toe damage. If shelving is adopted, the spacing of the sheds shall not exceed 3 cm. Otherwise, the toes of the rooster will be damaged, affecting the energy and even elimination.
5, timely and well eliminated. Elimination of all identification errors, lameness, and physical defects in the roosters.
6, the establishment of a rooster replacement program: during the laying of chickens in the cock's death and sickness to eliminate, will make the proportion of male and female chickens in the group decreased. Therefore, young cockerels can be added proportionately at the age of 40-46 weeks of the flock and replaced by different batches of cocks. This method can significantly improve the fertilization rate in the late flock. In order to avoid the spread of chicken diseases in different batches, the replacement rooster should be kept in isolation. The new rooster should be placed one hour before dark and distributed evenly throughout the house.
By adopting the above measures, the number of eggs that are not fertilized can be significantly reduced, and the fertilization rate and the economic benefit of raising chickens can be greatly improved.
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