In the process of planting vegetables in greenhouses, they often encounter “four evilsâ€. These "four evils" are fat, phytotoxic, drought, and flail barriers. Don't underestimate these four evils. Seriously, all your shed vegetables are planted in white, and the income will fall very badly. Therefore, all farmers' friends must pay attention to the influence of four pests in the greenhouse and the prevention methods!
First, fat damage
In fact, it is the hazard of salt accumulation. The main reason is that the application of chemical fertilizer or excessive fertilization causes the soil to become salinized, and the problems caused by the occurrence of fertilizer damage;
First, it inhibits the development of vegetable roots and weakens the function of water and fertilizer absorption;
Second, the concentration of the soil solution is too large, and the vegetable plant body undergoes reverse osmosis, resulting in physiological wilting or leaf edge dryness;
The third is the toxic gas hazard; the fourth is the vegetable deficiency syndrome.
Fertilizer control measures:
It is necessary to balance fertilization and promote the steady growth of vegetables.
First, it is necessary to apply fully decomposed organic farmyard manure all year round;
The second is to apply refined organic fertilizer, high-energy organic fertilizer, such as Hui Manfeng, Di Le Dan, etc.;
The third is to change the application of nitrogen and phosphorus to reduce nitrogen, stabilize phosphorus, increase potassium, and apply micro-fertilizer;
The fourth is to apply appropriate amount of fertilizer;
The fifth is the occurrence of fat damage in one day, to spray a variety of active liquid fertilizer to alleviate the hazard.
Second, phytotoxicity
There are obvious phytotoxics and the symptoms are obvious. There are hidden phytotoxicity, symptoms are latent or delayed to the squat vegetables, causing phytotoxicity;
First, the selection of pesticides is not correct or misuse of herbicides;
Second, the concentration of the application is too large;
The third is the purchase of inferior pesticides;
Fourth, there is no way to avoid the application of high temperature.
After the phytotoxicity, some vegetables quickly lose their green leaves; some produce focal spots and perforations; some fall, fall, fall, or deform; the most serious whole plants wither.
Control measures for phytotoxicity:
Use medicines scientifically to ensure the safety of vegetables.
First, minor phytotoxicity occurs, and the method of strengthening fertilizer and water management can be used to restore normal fertility of vegetables;
The second is to choose the right pesticide, especially the herbicide should be carefully applied;
The third is to keep the dosage and concentration of pesticides closed while avoiding repeated use of one pesticide;
Fourth, avoid mixing pesticides at will;
Fifth, the application of drugs should avoid high temperatures;
Sixth, the equipment that has been applied with the herbicide must be cleaned before it can be reused.
Third, drought
Drought damage is one of the most critical factors restricting the development of greenhouse vegetables. cause:
First, improper selection of vegetable greenhouses, lack of local water sources;
Second, although there is water, the water quality is poor;
Third, the amount of water is relatively sufficient, but the ditch, canal, and irrigation facilities are not matched, and water is difficult to lead.
Drought damage not only affects the timely sowing of vegetables, but also affects the normal growth of vegetables. At the same time, it brings great difficulties to the management of fertilization and drugs. The effects of drought damage sometimes exceed fertilizer and phytotoxicity.
Drought prevention measures:
We must choose a shed site and improve the water system.
Before determining the greenhouse, it is necessary to check whether the shed site has sufficient water source and whether the water source is polluted.
With sufficient water supply, it is necessary to open trenches and canals to facilitate water diversion and drainage;
Where conditions permit, a water supply faucet should be installed in each shed;
Sprinkler irrigation facilities should also be provided for the standard height.
Fourth, the shackles
It is in the same greenhouse that the same type or the same kind of vegetables are grown year or quarter, and the yield and product quality are declining year by year.
The reasons for the obstacles are: the same kind or the same kind of vegetables prefer a certain nutrient element, such elements are not prone to deficiency in time; the second is the accumulation of soil pathogenic bacteria causing dead seedlings such as blight and blight; Third, the secretion of substances in the roots of the same vegetable can easily lead to the loss of balance of soil microbial community structure, resulting in soil aging.
How to prevent and control the shackles?
It is necessary to change the vegetable cultivation environment.
First, vegetables that are susceptible to eggplant, tomato, and melon are to be replaced with other vegetable varieties in different seasons or seasons;
Second, it is necessary to increase the application of organic fertilizer and improve the soil in greenhouses where multiple obstacles are likely to occur;
The third is to use soil heavy mites to inhibit pathogens;
The fourth is to timely supplement the lack of nutrients in the absence of soil.
In summary, in order to enable plastic greenhouses to produce more high-quality vegetables, in the selection and production process of sheds, lessons should be learned and effective countermeasures should be taken in a timely manner. The above is the full content of the measures for the four diseases of greenhouse vegetables brought by the farmers' friends.
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