First, the selection of pepper varieties is resistant to high temperature, anti-virus, strong growth, concentrated results, fruit thick and thick, and the ideal varieties for cold tolerance in the later period, such as Xinfeng No. 4, Luojiao No. 4, and Qijiao No. 1.
Second, the seedling method is covered by a small arch awning net, sowing in late July. 50 grams per 667 square meters of field, 8 to 10 grams per square meter seedbed. 1. Seed bed selection. The seedbed has a high topography, convenient drainage and irrigation, and there are no plots of locusts and melons and vegetables in the front. 10 grams of carbofuran per square meter was sprinkled on the bed 5 cm deep soil to control diseases and cockroaches and cockroaches. 2. Nutritional soil preparation. The nutrient soil is selected from the river pond mud in the next year, or the field soil in which the vegetables have not been planted. The formula is 70% soil, 30% high temperature treated pig, cattle, poultry manure, add appropriate amount of rice husk ash, add 0.8% superphosphate and mix well. 3. sowing. Dry the seeds for 1 to 2 days, soak them in 55 °C constant temperature hot water for 15 minutes, then wash them with water, then sift the bed surface and cover the newspapers with heat, and use a small bow to cover the shade net to cool down, cover the film on rainy days, and remove the cover after emergence. Things. 4. Move seedlings (false plants). Arrange the nutrient meal with a diameter of 8 to 10 cm on the bed and pour the bottom soil water. When the seedling age is 3 to 4 pieces of true leaves, choose the sunny day to move the seedlings, and then transplant the seedlings to pour the root water, cover the small bow shed and add the shade net to keep warm, and open the net at night. In the seedling stage, the shed will be shaded and cooled, and the cover will be removed in time after the evening. The water management will avoid the bed soil being wet and dry. Use cold water to pour the seedlings, cover the net with rain, and avoid heavy rain from hitting the bed.
Third, cultivation techniques Site preparation and fertilization. The planting field should be cultivated early and deep (30 cm). The base fertilizer should be combined with the early application, deep application and layering of the cultivated land. For every 667 square meters of septic soil, 100 yuan of fertilizer, or 150 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 10 kilograms of potassium chloride, 30 to 40 human waste, and 20 kilograms of compound fertilizer. The shed is 4.5 meters wide and 2 inches. The middle management ditch is 40 cm and the depth is 15 cm. 2. Shelter. The shed film is planted in front of the shed, and the shed is 1.8 meters high. The shed film is buckled. It is best to cover the film with a shade net. At the same time, the nutrient mash is poured through the root water, sprayed with insecticides and fungicides, and transplanted with medicine when planting. 3. Colonization. The seedling height is less than 20 cm, the seedling age is 35 days, 8 to 10 true leaves, the leaves are dark green, the stems are thick, and the roots are developed with strong flower buds transplanted. The planting time is from late August to early September, planting 4000 to 5000 plants per 667 square meters. After planting, the root water is poured, and the film is moisturized and promoted early.
IV. Management measures Qiuyan peppers are fruit-fruited from late September to mid-October, and after the end of October to the New Year's Day Spring Festival, the fruit is preserved and preserved to prevent pests and diseases. The suitable temperature for pepper flowering is 23-28 °C. When the daytime temperature is higher than 28 °C, the greenhouse is covered with a straw curtain or double-layer shade net to cool down, and the shed skirt is ventilated day and night. When the daytime temperature is lower than 20 °C. Can remove the straw curtain and shade net. When the nighttime temperature is lower than 13 °C, the shed will be buckled in the greenhouse. When the night temperature is lower than 5 °C, the small bow shed is also covered with straw. When the temperature is below 0 °C, the straw curtains in the large and small sheds should be properly thickened. At the same time, regardless of the climate, the curtains should be uncovered, and the time for snow and ice can be shortened. After 4 pm, the conditions are re-capped. Qiuyan pepper is mainly based on base fertilizer. When the seedlings are topdressed, the excessive nitrogen fertilizer will cause a lot of fallen flowers and fruit, and the topdressing is mainly compound fertilizer. After 10 days of planting and the initial stage of fruit setting, each time, 10 kg per 667 square meters, after planting By mid-November, keep the field moist and meet the growth and development of the plant. The result of flowering results in expanded fruit. After mid-November, the weather is getting cold. It is better to use dryness. The humidity in the shed is low, so that the plants with excessive humidity and falling flowers can be prevented, and the disease can be reduced. The axillary buds below the first tiller of the plant were all erased. For plants with weak growth, the first and second decentralized flower buds should be removed early, the growth of the plant is robust, and the yield is increased. The young shoots are removed before and after the first frost, and the buds are ineffective. If the plant grows too long and the flower buds are difficult to sit on the fruit, you can use 20 mg / kg 2,4-D or 30-50 mg / kg of anti-falling stalks to promote the results.
5. Pest Control Pests are mainly cockroaches, mites, scutellaria, cabbage caterpillars, and diamondback moths. The cockroach is treated with 90% crystal trichlorfon 50 g dissolved in 0.8 kg of water, mixed with braised bran, sealed for 4 to 5 hours, and sprinkled on the edge of the seedbed in the evening to be poisoned. Control and control of aphid, cabbage, etc. with 40% dimethoate plus 800-1000 times of vinegar and 2000-4000 times of pyrethroid pesticides in the morning and evening spray control, spray should be even, spray on both sides. The stalks should also be contaminated, and sprayed once every 4 to 6 days. The disease of the seedlings of Qiuyan pepper has stricken disease, and the diseases from the seedling stage to the adult stage mainly include viral diseases, scabs, anthrax, gray mold and so on. The control method is mainly through seed disinfection, drying the bed soil, and the soil fertilizer is fully decomposed. The sore disease is controlled by alternating spray with 30% DT bactericide 400 times solution and 400% 250 mg/kg streptomycin. Viral disease control was sprayed with 20% of virus A400 times and 600 times of cytokinin. The control of gray mold is sprayed with 50% quick-kling 2000 times liquid, and the anthracnose is treated with 75% chlorothalonil 500 times or 25% toxic mycelium 800 times alternate spray. According to this technical operation procedure, the output per 667 square meters is 2000-2500 kilograms, and the output value is 6000-9000 yuan.
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