In the work of drug counseling, I once met a diabetic patient and frozen the purchased insulin and came to the drug consultation window. He said, “Go home and put the insulin in the freezer. Can it be reused after it is melted? â€
Xiaobian pharmacist answers questions for you
The storage conditions of drugs have a direct impact on the effectiveness of drugs. It is a major issue concerning the quality of drugs. Everyone should understand: What is refrigeration? What is freezing? What is dark light? What is the shade? What is moisture protection?
(1) Cold storage and freezing: Everyone in the hospital pharmacy will always hear the pharmacist say, "This medicine should be refrigerated," or "This medicine must be frozen." In general, refrigerating refers to placing in a "cold room" at 2-8°C, and freezing refers to placing in a "zero-degree X degree" freezing room. Refrigeration and freezing are absolutely different concepts. Once some “refrigerated†drugs such as insulin and biological preparations are “frozenâ€, their protein structures “degenerate†and fail, lose their effect, and even become “allergen†triggers. Allergic reactions.
Some viable bacteria such as bifidobacteria and some gynecological suppositories need cryopreservation. Some suppositories can thaw at a body temperature of 37°C to exert a local therapeutic effect, but are suitable for freezing when stored. Bifidobacteria are also the "seeds" for everyone to make yogurt, and it is everyone's consensus that they should be frozen in the refrigerator.
(2) Protecting from light: Many drugs need to be protected from light, and the ultraviolet light in particular, which accelerates the degradation and deterioration of the drug, leads to a decrease in curative effect and an increase in impurities that induce adverse reactions. Many of the packaging of this type of medicine are brown or brown plastic. If the vitamin C tablet is normally white, soon after the light turns yellow, indicating that deterioration has occurred; nitroglycerin, in the light is extremely prone to oxidation and failure; treatment of rheumatic hydroxychloroquine, the drug itself is afraid of light, and Patients taking hydroxychloroquine must also be protected from light, otherwise there will be photosensitivity dermatitis and pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes.
In theory, the drugs used should be kept away from light, not just drugs that are susceptible to discoloration.
(3) Shade: The shading in the professional sense refers to a place where the temperature does not exceed 20°C (not less than 10°C). The vast majority of medicines are kept in cool places. Therefore, on hot summer days, medicines that we take home cannot be placed in front of balconies and windows. It is better to place them in a well-ventilated place.
Although many drugs are required to be stored below 20°C, this storage condition is required to achieve full efficacy (eg shelf life of 2 years) if we can take it within 1-2 weeks at 10-30°C. The room temperature preservation is also possible.
(4) Moisture protection: Excipients of tablets are often substances that easily absorb moisture, such as starch. Therefore, most drugs are prone to mildew in wet environments, and moisture absorption can cause rupture and deliquescence of tablets. Before the drugs were large packages, a wide-mouth bottle could hold hundreds of pills. Once the bottle was opened, the drugs could absorb moisture easily. The medicines are now foil-independent bubble wrap, and the moisture absorption is greatly reduced. Although packaging has improved, medicines cannot be placed in wet places such as kitchens and bathrooms. During the rainy season before and after the Dragon Boat Festival, the preservation of medicines should also be made with tightly sealed containers. Valuable medicines should also be contained in sealed bottles. It is best to place desiccants. Once you find a product that absorbs moisture or mildew, remember not to take it again.
Drugs that are prone to absorb moisture include potassium chloride tablets, Aspergillus oryzae pancreatin tablets, lactase, acarbose, valproate, and the like. In addition, various types of capsules, sugar-coated tablets (nitrofurantoin tablets), granules (Ingredient Brassica root), powder (montmorillonite powder), effervescent tablets and other formulations of drugs are also easy to absorb moisture.
Tips / Extended Reading
1. Cold storage, freezing, drugs that should be refrigerated (2-8°C), such as insulin, will fail if inadvertently frozen.
2. During the wet summer months, the medicines should be stored in a damp-proof manner. A small amount of valuable drugs can be placed in the empty cans for sealed tea leaves.
3. Small test: Insulin pen with a pen cartridge should be stored after opening. (Answer C)
A Refrigerator Refrigeration, 2-8°C
B Refrigerator Freezing, 0-10°C
C Store at room temperature, no more than 25°C
D It can be stored anywhere, even if it is frozen, it can be used after thawing.
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