Fertilization is an indispensable measure to increase production of crops during their growth. However, improper use will often result in crop damage, which will have a great impact on crop growth and yield. Therefore, during the production process, farmers must pay attention to prevent the crops from becoming fat. 1 The main causes of crop damage 1.1 Nitrogen fertilizer application blindly. In production, people always think that crops have a large demand for nitrogen fertilizers. Therefore, once crops grow poorly, they will not be asked for anything but nitrogen. As a result, nitrogen fertilizers are applied more and more, resulting in excess fertilizer damage. In particular, the use of volatile nitrogen fertilizers, such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia, can easily generate ammonia gas and cause the crops to become fat. Too much ammonia fertilizer will also cause the accumulation of nitrous acid in the plant, resulting in nitrous acid poisoning, which is characterized by browning of the roots and yellowing of the leaves. Excessive application of nitrate ammonia fertilizer can easily cause imbalance of iron and molybdenum crops. 1.2 The amount of topdressing is too large. Excessive application of chemical fertilizer or manure urine at a time will result in excessively high concentration of soil in the soil site and impede the absorption of nutrients by the roots of crops, resulting in fertilizer damage. 1.3 Apply no organic fertilizer. Unrefined organic fertilizers produce a large amount of organic acids and heat during the decomposition process, which can easily cause burning. 1.4 Dressing is too close to the root of the crop. Due to the fast and high chemical decomposition efficiency, the topdressing is too close to the roots of crops, which can easily lead to crop damage. 2 How to prevent crops from being fattened? To prevent crops from being fattened, the following four points should be taken care of and done during the fertilization process: 2.1 Organic fertilizer without greening. Organic fertilizers must be fully decomposed before application, especially for poultry manure fermentation, organic fertilizer and fertilizer to be mixed application. 2.2 Rational use of chemical fertilizers. The use of chemical fertilizers must be applied at the required concentration. In particular, nitrogen fertilizer should not be excessive at one time. Foliar spraying concentration should not be too high. If urea is used as a foliar fertilizer, the concentration should not exceed 0.3%, and spraying can be performed wet. 2.3 To increase organic fertilizers. The organic fertilizer applied to the soil has a strong adsorption capacity for cations, so that the concentration is not too high, and the buffer capacity of soil nutrients is increased, which can greatly reduce the occurrence of fertilizer damage. 2.4 The top dressing should be farther away from the root of the crop, and it must be deepened. Top dressing should be about 10 centimeters from the root system, and deep application should be made. Immediately after dressing, cover soil to prevent the loss of seedlings and fertilizer efficiency. When the soil is topdressed, timely irrigation should be performed to prevent burning roots.
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