According to the spring climate characteristics of the cotton area, that is, the temperature rises quickly, the sunshine is sufficient, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, together with the cotton expert guidance group of the Ministry of Agriculture, proposes production techniques for the pure spring planting cotton field and the two-cooking seedling transplanting cotton field. opinion:
Pure spring sowing cotton field
Broadcast
Watering and osmosis 20 to 25 days before sowing, watering and mulching, for the dry and thin conditions of the waterless pouring conditions, it is necessary to use the top ridge, the rain after the shovel, the first cover film and sowing, etc., to create a suitable cotton germination and emergence Lyrical.
Applying 100 kg of organic fertilizer or 2,000 kg of high-quality soil fertilizer to the soil. After fertilization, the shallow ploughing is 10 to 15 cm, and after repeated smashing, the cotton field is leveled to a height difference of no more than 3 cm.
Prepare seed for drying seeds and choose the main part of the agricultural sector. The seeds should be selected from the seeds of the depiled seeds. 10 to 15 days before sowing, choose sunny weather, sun-breeding for 2 to 3 days, combined with sun-dried seeds to eliminate deformities and break. Son and scorpion, pay attention to the coating is strictly prohibited soaking seeds.
sowing
When the cotton field is 5 cm and the ground temperature is 14 °C, the water content of the 0-20 cm soil layer of the mild saline-alkali soil reaches 70% of the field water holding capacity, and the water content of the heavy saline-alkali soil reaches 80%. The sowing depth is most suitable for 2 to 3 cm. When sowing, it is recommended to sow the fine amount of seed, and the integrated machinery for sowing and fertilizing can be used to apply the base fertilizer with the seed. Before the film is mulched, the herbicide is sprayed to control the weeds.
Strengthen management
Immediately put the seedlings in the cotton field, immediately after the seedlings, put the seedlings, the saline-alkali gully is sown in the 5 to 7 days after the seedlings, and the seedlings are 5 to 7 days, and the seedlings are selected in the afternoon without the wind. When the true leaves reach 2 to 3 Fixed seedlings.
The cultivating pest control advocates the cotton cultivating and loosening the soil after the seedling is fixed, and the depth is 6-10 cm. Cotton seedlings are mainly aphids and red spiders. Aphids can be controlled by acetamiprid or imidacloprid spray, and red spiders can be controlled by avermectin.
The cotton field that controls the fertilizer and water to apply the base fertilizer may not be topdressed, and the base fertilizer is insufficient or the cotton field is lightly applied to raise the seedling fertilizer. Cotton seedlings are generally not suitable for watering, and some early-earning cotton fields, if it is necessary to water, should open short ditch to water as needed, timely cultivating after watering, and breaking the knot.
Two ripe nursery transplanting cotton fields
Nursery
The selection was carried out on the premise that the quality of the seeds met the standards and was planted in early April. The bottom of the seedbed is required to be flat, and the management is mainly controlled. The suitable temperature from sowing to emergence is 25 °C ~ 30 °C. After the emergence of true leaves, the temperature is kept at 20 °C ~ 35 °C. In case of cold wave, it is necessary to pay attention to heat preservation. . During the nursery period, the principle of “dry long roots†is mastered, and the water is replenished according to the condition of the seedlings. In addition, timely removal of weak seedlings and short seedlings.
Seedling
5 to 7 days before the seedling, the rooting agent was applied to the bottom of the seedbed with irrigation, after which the seedbed was no longer filled with water. Open the seedbed at the beginning of the seedling, gently put the cotton seedlings away with a large number of original roots, and tie each 30 to 50 plants into a small bundle. When transplanting seedlings, a large number of seedlings can be transported with a seedling box, or a permeable carton or other container. The bottom and sides of the container are covered with a film, and a small amount of water is added to the bottom to keep the roots moist.
Transplanting
Wheat cotton fields, wheat cotton fields, post-wheat cotton fields, pre-work leisure fields, etc. can be transplanted without ploughing, transplanting slabs, cleaning the ground debris before planting, requiring soil moisture content, and ditching or drilling while adding water to transplant . When artificial transplanting is used, holes and trenches can be drilled, and water is poured in time after planting. Artificial transplanting and machine planting require that the roots of the seedlings should not be less than 7 cm deep, and the high temperature seedlings should not be planted with low temperature seedlings, and the cold wave transplanting stops.
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