Snails, also known as apple snails, are known as "French snails". Native to the Amazon Basin in South America, it is a large freshwater edible snail. In 1982, it was introduced into China's mainland for trials and promotion. Now it has basically spread throughout the country. Fuzhou snail has the characteristics of strong adaptability, fast growth rate, easy to breed and easy to raise; it has golden flesh color, crisp and delicious taste, high nutritional value, and health care function at the same time.
The water quality requirement of the snails is not high. The freshwater waters with a pH of around 7 and dissolved oxygen above 3 mg/L and a total hardness of 6-13 German can be cultured. The surviving water temperature is 0°C-38°C. Appropriate growth and breeding water temperature 25 °C -30 °C. Snails are omnivorous snails, but mainly plant feeds. Staple food of various aquatic plants, terrestrial grasses and fruits and vegetables, such as various duckweed, water peanuts, water hyacinth, green vegetables, grass, melon, fruits and so on. It also eats artificially-fed eggs, cakes, and scraps. In the absence of food, it also ingests some residues, such as leftover baits, humus, and floating plants and animals.
The general fish ponds can be cultured with S. canaliculata, and S. canaliculata can be cultivated individually or with mixed cultures of fish and snails. The depth of cultured edible snails should be maintained at 50-100m, but the ponds should be raised 30-40cm above the water surface or additional anti-inspection facilities should be installed around the pond to prevent flies from fleeing. It is advisable to keep 1-2 mu of the area of ​​the snails in the ponds, and some floating plants such as water lettuce and water hyacinth should be planted in the water. The source of water is preferably unpolluted groundwater. Domestic sewage and industrial waste water are prohibited from flowing into human ponds, otherwise, the meat quality of the golden apple snails will be greatly reduced.
1. Spike stocking: Select individuals evenly. Consistent specifications, color, clean, non-injury, healthy screw species for stocking. General single-culture snails, specifications in 3-5g / only, snails 50-100 snails per square meter. Fish and screw polyculture can determine the density of put snails. In the appropriate density range, the amount of snails has little effect on the yield, but it has a decisive influence on the size of snail ponds. The larger the stocking amount, the smaller the size of snails out of the pond, and vice versa. Big.
2. Feed feeding: According to their diet feeding a certain amount of green feed, such as Euphorbia, duckweed, Vallisneria, black leaf algae and terrestrial tender grass and greens, etc., At the same time, they should also be fed rice bran, peel. Bean cake, lees, bean curd residue and other concentrates. Normally feed green feed first, then sprinkle concentrated feed on green feed. The total amount of feed on the feed day accounted for 10%-12% of the total weight of the pond snail, green feed feed accounted for 80% of the total feed, precision feed for about 20%. Feed feeding should also follow the principles of "Four Sets" and "Four Looks" as well as fish farming. During feeding, they are usually fed twice a day. As the snails are irritated by the glare, there is less activity during the day and more water is ingested at night. Therefore, the feeding time should be 5-6 in the morning and 17-18 in the evening. Feeding in the evening The amount accounts for 2/3 of the whole day, and the feed amount in the morning accounts for 1/3. From July to September, it is the peak season for the feeding of snails, and the amount of feed should account for 90% of the amount of feed during the growth period.
3. Anti-escape and avoidance: The pond-cultured snails should be raised 30-40 cm above the water surface in order to prevent escape. They must also be equipped with screw-up facilities at the intake to prevent the escape of snails. If necessary, alkaline substances such as lime can also be sprinkled around the pond to form an alkaline escape prevention zone and prevent the escape of snails. Pond culture of snails generally does not have diseases, but in intensive farming, due to higher snail density, it is also necessary to do a good job of preventing diseases. In addition to clearing the pond with lime, the ponds must be thoroughly sterilized before the snails are placed, but also during the growth period. , The use of "chloricidal killing the king" and other disinfectants once disinfected for sterilization purposes. In addition, as the snails often float to the surface of the water for food and are therefore susceptible to rodent damage, they can be prevented by the combination of artificial capture and drug eradication.
4. Water quality regulation: As the snails like the fresh water quality, fresh pond water should be injected regularly in the pond culture of snails to ensure their normal growth. Always observe the changes in the pool water. If necessary, change the water or aerate the water to improve the water quality. However, the temperature difference should not exceed 3°C.
5. Spiral fishing: The growth of snails is faster. Under natural conditions, the largest individual can reach more than 20O g. The largest individuals of artificial snails are even larger. Generally, the individual specifications can be sold above 3Og for sale. Because there are differences in growth among individuals, it is necessary to adopt the method of catching up and keeping small and keeping small in accordance with the local consumption habits in order to obtain maximum economic returns.
6. Overwintering technology: Asafollus spp. is below 12°C and its activity ability is obviously decreased. The lower limit of its activity temperature is 8°C. Below this temperature, it enters a hibernation state, and it is easily frozen below 0°C. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the winter in the north in winter, and to keep the water temperature above 0°C for safe winter, it is better to keep the water temperature between 8-12°C. This will achieve the best overwintering efficiency (saving energy while maintaining high Survival rate). There are many methods for the wintering of snails, including the wintering of plastic greenhouses and wintering in greenhouses. Spa wintering, spring water wells and so on. During the wintering period, the water temperature should be measured frequently, and the well water should be filled in a timely manner according to the water quality. When the water temperature is above 8°C, the concentrate feed should be fed every 3 days. The feeding amount depends on the situation of snail feeding. During the winter, it is also necessary to strengthen the measures for preventing flight.
The water quality requirement of the snails is not high. The freshwater waters with a pH of around 7 and dissolved oxygen above 3 mg/L and a total hardness of 6-13 German can be cultured. The surviving water temperature is 0°C-38°C. Appropriate growth and breeding water temperature 25 °C -30 °C. Snails are omnivorous snails, but mainly plant feeds. Staple food of various aquatic plants, terrestrial grasses and fruits and vegetables, such as various duckweed, water peanuts, water hyacinth, green vegetables, grass, melon, fruits and so on. It also eats artificially-fed eggs, cakes, and scraps. In the absence of food, it also ingests some residues, such as leftover baits, humus, and floating plants and animals.
The general fish ponds can be cultured with S. canaliculata, and S. canaliculata can be cultivated individually or with mixed cultures of fish and snails. The depth of cultured edible snails should be maintained at 50-100m, but the ponds should be raised 30-40cm above the water surface or additional anti-inspection facilities should be installed around the pond to prevent flies from fleeing. It is advisable to keep 1-2 mu of the area of ​​the snails in the ponds, and some floating plants such as water lettuce and water hyacinth should be planted in the water. The source of water is preferably unpolluted groundwater. Domestic sewage and industrial waste water are prohibited from flowing into human ponds, otherwise, the meat quality of the golden apple snails will be greatly reduced.
1. Spike stocking: Select individuals evenly. Consistent specifications, color, clean, non-injury, healthy screw species for stocking. General single-culture snails, specifications in 3-5g / only, snails 50-100 snails per square meter. Fish and screw polyculture can determine the density of put snails. In the appropriate density range, the amount of snails has little effect on the yield, but it has a decisive influence on the size of snail ponds. The larger the stocking amount, the smaller the size of snails out of the pond, and vice versa. Big.
2. Feed feeding: According to their diet feeding a certain amount of green feed, such as Euphorbia, duckweed, Vallisneria, black leaf algae and terrestrial tender grass and greens, etc., At the same time, they should also be fed rice bran, peel. Bean cake, lees, bean curd residue and other concentrates. Normally feed green feed first, then sprinkle concentrated feed on green feed. The total amount of feed on the feed day accounted for 10%-12% of the total weight of the pond snail, green feed feed accounted for 80% of the total feed, precision feed for about 20%. Feed feeding should also follow the principles of "Four Sets" and "Four Looks" as well as fish farming. During feeding, they are usually fed twice a day. As the snails are irritated by the glare, there is less activity during the day and more water is ingested at night. Therefore, the feeding time should be 5-6 in the morning and 17-18 in the evening. Feeding in the evening The amount accounts for 2/3 of the whole day, and the feed amount in the morning accounts for 1/3. From July to September, it is the peak season for the feeding of snails, and the amount of feed should account for 90% of the amount of feed during the growth period.
3. Anti-escape and avoidance: The pond-cultured snails should be raised 30-40 cm above the water surface in order to prevent escape. They must also be equipped with screw-up facilities at the intake to prevent the escape of snails. If necessary, alkaline substances such as lime can also be sprinkled around the pond to form an alkaline escape prevention zone and prevent the escape of snails. Pond culture of snails generally does not have diseases, but in intensive farming, due to higher snail density, it is also necessary to do a good job of preventing diseases. In addition to clearing the pond with lime, the ponds must be thoroughly sterilized before the snails are placed, but also during the growth period. , The use of "chloricidal killing the king" and other disinfectants once disinfected for sterilization purposes. In addition, as the snails often float to the surface of the water for food and are therefore susceptible to rodent damage, they can be prevented by the combination of artificial capture and drug eradication.
4. Water quality regulation: As the snails like the fresh water quality, fresh pond water should be injected regularly in the pond culture of snails to ensure their normal growth. Always observe the changes in the pool water. If necessary, change the water or aerate the water to improve the water quality. However, the temperature difference should not exceed 3°C.
5. Spiral fishing: The growth of snails is faster. Under natural conditions, the largest individual can reach more than 20O g. The largest individuals of artificial snails are even larger. Generally, the individual specifications can be sold above 3Og for sale. Because there are differences in growth among individuals, it is necessary to adopt the method of catching up and keeping small and keeping small in accordance with the local consumption habits in order to obtain maximum economic returns.
6. Overwintering technology: Asafollus spp. is below 12°C and its activity ability is obviously decreased. The lower limit of its activity temperature is 8°C. Below this temperature, it enters a hibernation state, and it is easily frozen below 0°C. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the winter in the north in winter, and to keep the water temperature above 0°C for safe winter, it is better to keep the water temperature between 8-12°C. This will achieve the best overwintering efficiency (saving energy while maintaining high Survival rate). There are many methods for the wintering of snails, including the wintering of plastic greenhouses and wintering in greenhouses. Spa wintering, spring water wells and so on. During the wintering period, the water temperature should be measured frequently, and the well water should be filled in a timely manner according to the water quality. When the water temperature is above 8°C, the concentrate feed should be fed every 3 days. The feeding amount depends on the situation of snail feeding. During the winter, it is also necessary to strengthen the measures for preventing flight.
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