The key to the breeding technology of tropical ornamental fish is the selection and treatment of water quality and feed. The basis is the understanding and simulation of the natural ecology of the source of the cultured fish species. That is to say, when raising tropical fish, we must pay attention to the characteristics of the waters of the hometown of the raised object. . Experience has repeatedly shown that to cultivate good tropical fish, especially valuable and high-quality varieties, it is necessary to create an environment in the aquarium that is the same as, or close to, the natural ecology of its place of origin. 1. Water Quality Treatment Freshwater tropical fish are generally born in fresh tropical waters on both sides of the Earth’s equator. Among them, the Amazon River in South America, Thailand and Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia, and the Congo Basin in Africa are the three treasure trove of tropical fish in the world. Most tropical fish can only survive when the water temperature exceeds 20°C, and generally prefer water temperatures around 26°C. The soil in Africa is slightly acidic red soil, and more humus is found in the surface water. Generally, the pH of the water is slightly acidic between 6 and 7. Therefore, tropical fish produced in Africa tend to be slightly acidic. Species grown in waters of South America also mostly prefer to inhabit weak acidic waters with a pH of 7. The species that grow in the waters of Southeast Asia and South Asia, including those that grow in the waters of southern North America, prefer neutral water with a pH of 7. The fish born in Central and South America, such as guppies, swordfish, mollis, and moonfish, also prefer to live in weak alkaline water. In tropical fish produced in Central America, the water used for breeding is slightly alkaline due to its slightly alkaline nature. In addition, some semi-marine fish such as bat plague, yellow finned oyster and Oceania's multicolored phoenix prefer the weak alkaline water quality. In fact, some fish with a neutral or slightly alkaline water quality, such as bat plagues and elephant snipes, can also live well in weak acidic waters. However, fish that like acidic water quality are generally difficult to survive in weak alkaline water. China's freshwater resources are generally slightly alkaline water, but the north is more alkaline, while some southern lakes, reservoirs, rivers are slightly acidic. For example, the pH value of drinking water in Guangzhou and other places in southern China is less than 7, which is the ideal water quality for the breeding of colorful fairies; and Beijing's water pH value of about 7 is neutral. On the other hand, the water hardness of the rivers in the rainforest belts in South China is low, mostly soft water; the amount of saline rain in the north is low, the soil contains high amounts of saline and alkali, and the water hardness is also high. In addition, surface water hardness is generally low, groundwater, well water hardness, and rain, snow, soft water. In southern China's cities, such as Guangzhou and Foshan, the water quality is relatively soft, and it has unique breeding conditions for the colorful fish species such as the colorful fairy and Honglian Lantern. The northern cities such as Beijing and Tianjin have a slightly harder water quality and it is very difficult to reproduce such fish species. Therefore, in order to successfully reare and reproduce tropical ornamental fish, it is first necessary to identify the origin of the species (this can be found in the scientific name of the relevant professional books) and find out the water quality factors such as pH value, hardness, water temperature and salinity suitable for survival. Scope, and then test the quality of the local water, this can be done using a commercially available simple water color box, and when some items are found to be inappropriate, it must be adjusted. In cities, tap water is generally used to fish, which first neutralizes the residual chlorine: add sodium bicarbonate (Subo), sodium thiosulfate or vitamin c (ascorbic acid), and then test. When the water quality is slightly alkaline, add acidifier: phosphoric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate or place sinking wood or add activated carbon filter in the water filter for 24 hours. When the water quality is slightly acidic, an alkali agent can be added: baking soda is sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate material (coral sand, shell sand or powder) or silica sand, medical stone, and strengthen the air. When the water quality is too soft, add lime water (calcaree or calcium chloride). However, it is relatively difficult to soften water if it is harder. Add appropriate amount of rainwater, distilled water or deionized water to the aquarium. If “peat moss†is placed in the aquarium or filter, it will have an ion exchange function and will release humic acid, so it can soften the water while lowering the pH. Grass mud also has this effect. In addition, the magnetizer can also soften the water, and the ion exchange resin filter and the reverse osmosis water treatment machine can produce water with different hardness. Among them, the residual chlorine, the pH value and the hardness can all be subjected to a simple colorimetric test. As for salinity, it can be measured with a floating hydrometer, an indicator hydrometer, or a refractive salinometer. If you need to increase the salinity, you can use commercially available "artificial sea salt" deployment. After the water is treated, the aeration is performed, and at the same time, the microbial clarifiers such as “Nitrifying Bacteriaâ€, “Photosynthetic Bacteria†and “Bacteria†can be artificially inoculated for accelerating the breeding of new water. fish. If the new fish is expensive, you can also put 1 to 2 tails of the fish. It is more safe to test the water and put new fish. In the process of fish farming, a small amount of microbial water purifying agent should be added at the same time to regularly add a small amount of rearing water to maintain good water quality, so as to achieve the purpose of raising fish to raise water first. Not only is the water quality required and stable during the fish farming process, but also the fish's rotary cylinder requires that the water quality of the old and new cylinders must not differ too much, especially the pH value. For example, the pH difference between fresh and old water must not exceed 0.5 for the temperature change or rotary cylinder of the colorful angelfish. The temperature difference must not exceed 1-2°C. The hardness of the breeding water should also be considered, and some estuaries must not neglect the salinity problem. 2. Feeding of feeds for tropical ornamental fish is more than half successful if the water quality is well handled. The main remaining problem is feed. At present, the commonly used fresh live baits are leeches and blisters. The most expensive and ripening foods are blood worms (chiron larvae) and Artemia larvae and adults. It is more convenient to use artificial diets, such as flakes and granules. There is also a kind of fresh feed "artificial burger". The main ingredients are beef heart, shrimp, vegetables, multivitamins, and medicines. They are crushed and mixed by a domestic mixer to form a pulp, and they are laid into thin slices and frozen and pelleted to feed them. Feed has become the staple food of colorful and colorful angelfish.
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