Emphasis on chemical fertilizers, ignoring potash and organic fertilizers. For many years, the majority of fruit farmers have been applying large amounts of chemical fertilizers to fruit trees in the production of apples. As a result, the growth and development of fruit trees are unbalanced, and the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests are out of control, resulting in the failure of apple yield and quality decline.
When basal fertilizer and top dressing are inappropriate, apple trees require different nutrients in different growth periods. As far as the fruit area of ​​the Weibei Dry Highland is concerned, there is more rain in autumn and the moisture content is good. The base fertilizer can be applied in the furrow before and after the apple harvest. Many fruit farmers also apply the base fertilizer in the spring of the second year, but it is not as good in autumn. The base fertilizer applied in autumn has a suitable temperature and good soil moisture, which is conducive to fertilizer decomposition and root absorption, and can timely supplement nutrients to the tree; the base fertilizer applied in spring has a high temperature and poor soil moisture. It is difficult for the tree to be fermented for a long time. Absorption causes waste to a certain extent. Topdressing should be applied during the fruit swelling period. If applied too early, the nutrients will be easily lost, and the growth needs of the tree will not be met too late. Potassium fertilizer is applied in the fruit swelling period, the fruit surface is bright, the color is bright, and the meat is crisp and strong. If it is applied in the flowering period, the effect is not obvious.
Relying on foliar fertilizer, not paying attention to basal fertilizer and top dressing. Since most of the foliar fertilizers on the market are plant regulators, the majority of fruit farmers spray on fruit trees immediately. Therefore, some fruit growers apply basal fertilizer without topdressing, and individual fruit growers do not apply basal topdressing. They rely too much on foliar fertilizer. In fact, more than 90% of the nutrients of plants come from the soil, and the foliar absorption is the supplement of trace elements.
If you don't understand the nature of chemical fertilizers, you can't mix unripe human manure and urine with plant ash, calcium, magnesium, phosphate fertilizer and other alkaline fertilizers; unripe chicken manure cannot be directly applied to the field, which is prone to insects and pollute the environment. If it is not properly matched, it will reduce fertilizer efficiency or cause fertilizer failure.
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