Leukemia is no longer the number one killer for children
September 19, 2016 Source: US and Chinese medicine source
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];According to the Washington Post today, since 2014, leukemia has ceased to be the number one killer of children, and brain tumors have become the king of new childhood tumors. This change is not due to an increase in brain tumors, but mainly because of the improvement in leukemia treatment. In 2011, leukemia has already relegated to the second line, but the gap is not obvious enough until 2014. It is estimated that from 1999 to 2014, the mortality rate of childhood leukemia decreased by 20%. Although this is not yet an ideal state, a 20% drop in 25 years is an important achievement in medical innovation. Although most innovative drugs end in failure, long-term efforts can still see progress that is worth celebrating.
Leukemia is the highest incidence of cancer in adolescents, accounting for 1/3. Adolescents with acute leukemia ALL and AML are synonymous with death penalty. With the advancement of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and bone marrow transplantation, most leukemias can be cured. For relapsed/refractory leukemia, new therapies such as CAR-T and bispecific antibodies have also shown exciting results. Blincyto is already on the market and it is estimated that there will be a CAR-T listing next year. Epigenetic drugs such as MLL and DOT1L inhibitors also have some prospects in some subtypes, and childhood leukemia mortality is expected to decline further in the next 10-20 years. The long-term side effects of chemotherapy are now more serious, and this is also an area where there is room for technological innovation. But this is a completely different problem from death.
Brain tumors are the first multiple solid tumors in children and are now the number one killer for children. Brain tumors are more difficult to treat because the affected part is protected by the blood-brain barrier and the heterogeneity is higher. The current standard treatment is generally effective. The inhibition of brain tumor immune microenvironment is more serious, so immunotherapy is now a major direction. The PD-1 antibody showed some efficacy in early clinical trials, but the combination with CTLA4 antibody was more toxic. The oncolytic virus is also promising, and this year's famous 60-minute program in the United States has introduced this progress. But a vaccine against EGFRvIII mutant Rintega was early terminated earlier this year because it failed to show a survival advantage in Phase III clinical trials. Biden’s son died of brain tumors, which is one of the incentives for the US tumor landing program. I hope that the brain tumor can also leave the position of the number one killer as soon as possible.
Once upon a time, infectious diseases were the number one killer of human beings. With the invention of antibiotics, vaccines and improved sanitation conditions, life expectancy has generally prolonged, and heart disease has become the number one health killer. A large number of antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, and anticoagulant drugs have effectively controlled cardiovascular diseases. This year's wealthier Western European cardiovascular disease was honoured from the top killer position, and 22 states in the United States are no longer the first killer. Cancer is becoming the new number one killer, but the changes in childhood tumors indicate that the tumor is gradually being overcome. A 25-year mortality rate drop of 20% is not enough for patients, but it is also very deterrent if the tumor will account for this rhythm. Volkswagen is not angry because of EpiPen, and don't forget the irreplaceable contribution of the pharmaceutical industry to improving human life. As long as the innovative soil is not destroyed, it is a matter of time before the tumor becomes a chronic disease.
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