1. The characteristics of sugar beet require fertilizer: The demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is generally 1.6 times, 2 times and 3 times more than that of cereal crops. According to the results of our province's experiment, under the conditions of our province's land, every need to produce a ton of beet requires 4.7 kg of nitrogen, 1.7 kg of phosphorus, and 6.2 kg of potassium. Fertility is strong: According to information, sugar beets can absorb 25%-30% of the total amount of nitrogen and 30%-35% of the total amount of phosphorus or potassium from the organic fertilizer, and can absorb the active ingredients from the fertilizer. 90% - 95% of nitrogen, 20% - 25% of phosphorus, 50% - 65% of potassium. Fertilizer-supplying time is long: from the seedlings to the accumulation period of sugars, almost enough nutrients are needed. Generally, the amount of fertilizers absorbed during the seedling stage accounts for 15%-20% of the amount of fertilizers absorbed during the whole growth period; the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium during the flourishing period is 70%-90%, 50%-66%, and 53%-72% of the total growth period, respectively. %; root mature sugar accumulation, the growth period of nitrogen fertilizer needs to reduce, only 8% -9% of the whole growth period, while the absorption of phosphorus, potassium is still more. The above data indicators have changed greatly due to the soil, climate, and cultivation techniques. Therefore, it can only be used as a parameter to determine beet fertilization. 2. Reasonable amount of fertilizer applied to beet Rational application of sugar beet should be based on beet's laws and characteristics of fertilizer absorption and scientific fertilization. It is necessary to combine fertilization of farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The elements cooperate with trace elements. The rational amount of fertilizer for beet: the total amount of fertilizer is calculated as 55%-60% of the effective composition as base fertilizer, 15%-20% as seed fertilizer, and the remaining 20%-5% as top dressing. A ton of beet roots per acre is calculated based on the amount of nitrogen fertilizer 4.7kg, phosphorus 1.7kg, and potassium 6.2kg. The amount of inorganic fertilizer is 5.2kg of nitrogen, 8.5kg of phosphorus, and 12.5kg of potassium. If converted to the standard kg, the amount of fertilizer per mu is: one ton of decomposed farm manure, 20 kg of fertilizer for chemical fertilizer and 40 kg of phosphate fertilizer; if there is no farm manure, apply 25 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer. Potash 12.5 kg. The per mu yield of sugar beet is calculated according to one ton. The Mushi farmyard fertilizer has one ton of diammonium phosphate 12kg and urea 5kg; if there is no farmyard fertilizer, the diammonium phosphate 19kg, urea 4kg, and potassium sulfate 5 to 10kg. Trace elements have a good effect on increasing yield and sugar content and can be supplemented by leaf spray. The above fertilization amount is one ton per mu, and the amount of available supply in the soil is counted. If the requirement for producing per mu is 1.5 tons, 2 tons or more, the above data can be used for calculation. In the future, through soil nutrient determination and plant nutrient diagnosis, the soil testing formula will be truly applied for scientific fertilization. 3. Fertilization method Basal fertilizer: The use of farmyard manure as base fertilizer or base fertilizer, the amount of Mushi not less than one ton, advocates that most fertilizers are concentrated in the form of base fertilizers. The first is to combine the autumn ground preparations before the entrance; the second is the spring when Sanlichuan site preparation is applied; the third is the autumn soil preparation without fertilization, the use of broken ridge fertilizer or combination of rotary cultivating after the ridge before the application. Fertilizer: Seed fertilizer is usually dominated by phosphate fertilizers. Generally, diammonium phosphate is used as a seed fertilizer or mouth fertilizer. On the basis of one ton of rotten fertilizer, 12 kg of ammonium phosphate per acre is applied. If there is no farmyard fertilizer, Mushi phosphoric acid is used. Diammonium 19kg can also be used as compound fertilizer or beet special fertilizer. However, urea cannot be used, otherwise sprouting will occur. For mechanical sowing, the seed fertilizer should be sowed in bins; the chemical fertilizer should be applied to the side of the seed in the bottom of the seed, and there should be a separate soil between the seed and the fertilizer to prevent the seed fertilizer from directly contacting the seed and producing sprouts. Top-dressing: Usually done after the beet seedlings in early June. Topdressing mainly nitrogen, generally using urea, acres topdressing amount: if the base fertilizer is a ton of farmyard fertilizer, fertilizer 12kg of diammonium phosphate, topdressing urea 5kg; if no farmyard fertilizer, seed fertilizer is 19kg of diammonium phosphate Topdressing urea should be 4kg. For top-dressing fertilizers, the fertilizer can be applied to a fertilizer-applicator or a planer pit, and the depth can reach 10cm. Dressing time should not be too late, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer too late, too easy to cause leggy, reduce sugar, outside the top dressing to grasp the appropriate concentration to prevent the phenomenon of burning leaves. Under conditions, the mixture of leaf sprayable trace elements and growth regulators can promote the growth of sugar beets in the later period and increase the yield and sugar content. Leaf spray increased production of bacteria: In the early period of leaf thickening, 50 ml per acre or 5 grams of bacteria powder plus 50 kg of water, spray evenly after being dissolved.
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