(a) Preparation before entering the chicks Completely inspect the chicken house and equipment, block rat holes, and clean and disinfect the chicken house and equipment. Have enough troughs, drinkers, and basins. According to the nutritional requirements of the chicken, a reasonable formula is prepared and sufficient feed is prepared. At the same time, commonly used drugs (Ferritine, Oxytetracycline, Gentamicin, Doxycycline, Yousujing, etc.) and vaccines (Newcastle disease, Fabricius, etc.) are prepared. Chicken pox, infectious bronchitis, etc.) • Adjust the room temperature to 35 °C the day before hatching. Vehicles transport Miao chickens, local vehicles and transport equipment for disinfection. During the transportation process, it is necessary to pay attention to heat preservation and proper ventilation to prevent suffocation due to lack of oxygen. In early spring, young animals need to be covered with cotton blankets, but some ventilation holes must be left on the leeward wall. When the transport time exceeds 1 hour, the lid should be opened to vent and the chicks should be squeezed. (2) After properly feeding the chicks into the brooding room, allow the chicks to adapt to the indoor environment and then give drinking water. After 2-3 hours, eat again after the first drinking. In order to prevent the introduction of long-distance transport and environmental changes and the chills and dehydration shocks of chicks, add 6-8% glucose (or caramel) and 0.1% vitamin C to drinking water for the first 24 stations. For the weak chicks who cannot drink water, feed them with a dropper. After the chicks start eating, grits that account for 1% of the diet can be fed. Feeding is usually started after 2 weeks. Each week, 100 chickens are fed with 450 g. The gravel diameter is 2 mm. It can be sprinkled on the feed or it can be freely used for feeding. When feeding chickens, pay attention to gravel. (C) Careful management 1. Warm-keeping at the beginning requires a temperature of 35°C in the first 1-2 days to facilitate the healing of the umbilicus of chicks and the absorption of the yolk of the abdomen, which is maintained at 30-33°C for one week and then decreased weekly. 2-3 °C, until the transition to room temperature. The thermometer should be hung on the edge of the brooder or 50 cm from the heat source at a height of 5 cm from the litter (equivalent to the back height of the chick). If the temperature on the thermometer meets the requirements, but the chicken is not willing to lie down, it may be litter. Too thin or too hard, should take appropriate measures to improve. Insulation time, 1-2 weeks in summer, 3-4 weeks in spring and autumn, and 5-6 weeks in winter (the north can be longer). When the chicken is defrosted, the temperature and temperature of the chicken should be controlled according to the health and adaptability of the chicken. The insulation measures should be given and the temperature should be gradually defrosted. ? 2, humidity 10 days before the relative humidity of 60-65%, 10 days after the 55-60%. The humidity is too low, you can open the lid to boil water, or hang wet towels in the room and increase the water basin and other methods to adjust the humidity; the humidity is too high, can pay attention to ventilation before and after noon, when the outside temperature is low, the room temperature increases after the window ventilation Or sprinkle lime, ash in the walkway, and change padding to reduce humidity. 3, ventilation? According to the actual situation of the house, at any time open the doors or windows or vents to remove harmful gases and smoke, but pay attention to insulation. A simple method of judging the fresh air in a chicken house is to enter the hen house in the morning. If you feel chest tightness, smell bad smell, and have a longer stay, you may feel irritating to the eyes, indicating that the harmful gas exceeds the allowable range. Immediate ventilation is required. Attention to ventilation and regular defecation are important means of ensuring fresh air. Ventilation method: When the outside temperature is low, the room temperature should be increased by 1-2 °C before ventilation, or use the ventilation at high temperatures at noon. In winter and early spring, in order to maintain a certain temperature in the brooding house, the installation of sandcloth on the ventilation doors and windows can not only filter the air, but also achieve the purpose of gradual cooling. But must pay attention to ventilation ventilation bogey style. 4, light? Open chicken house to natural light, artificial light fill light. At the age of 1-3 days, 24-hour light is generally used. After 3 days of age, 18 hours of light is given each day, and each half hour of the week is gradually reduced to natural light. Light and low light are appropriate, so that they can only see drinking water and feeding, so that the chicken can rest quietly after eating, but also can prevent the evil. 5. Breeding density Determine the number of chickens based on the size and equipment of the house. The chick population should not be too large. The best brooding room is 12 to 15 square meters. Breeding 250-300 chicks is suitable, the weather is hot and the ventilation can be reduced by 30%. 6, strong and weak groups, regularly weighed into the young when you want to strong and weak grouping, breeding process should be poor development, weak physical in time to pick out the chicks, placed in a slightly warmer place to raise, while paying attention to size groups. Regularly weigh and do 5-10% weekly random sampling, calculate the average weight, grasp its growth. 7. Quiet environment The room must be kept quiet to prevent accidental crowds from squeezing and causing casualties. Mechanical and rhythmic sound (music) chickens are accustomed to, irregular sounds - noise, buzzing, popping sounds, cats and mice and other animals in the coop will cause alarm. To this end, the doors and windows should be firmly secured, the movements to and from the chicken house should be light, and the catching of chickens should not be excessive. At the same time, they must decline to visit. 8. Observation of the flock (1) Before each feeding, it is advisable to catch about 10 chicks and touch the hernia sac to determine whether the last feeding amount is appropriate and determine the amount of this feeding. (2) Carefully check the chicken droppings early in the morning, for example, see the yellow and green thin stools, the blood in the feces, the pure bloody stools, the white mushy or lime-like dilute feces on the villi around the anus, indicating that the chicken is sick and should be promptly Take treatment. (3) When the chicks are at rest, such as throwing their noses, sneezing, or snoring vocal sounds, etc., indicating that the respiratory system is sick, immediate treatment must be taken. (4) Summarize the amount of material consumed by the entire group of chicks each evening. If the amount of the material to be eaten is slightly increased every day, it is normal. If it is reduced or not increased for a few days, it means that the chicken is sick and needs to be identified and treated promptly. (5) Check if the amount of drinking water is normal. If soared, it should be considered whether due to the following factors: 1 high feed content of animal feed; 2 high salt content of fish meal; 3 sudden increase in outside temperature; 4 suffering from coccidiosis. (6) Normal incidence and loss: Whenever a poultry farmer finds out that the number of poultry outbreaks exceeds 1%, it indicates that there is a possibility of disease, and should immediately draw attention. In the first three weeks, the loss of chicks is usually 2%, and no more than 1% per month after three weeks. If you exceed the above values, you need to be vigilant. China Agricultural Network Editor
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