Water is the living environment for pond cultured fish. In order to achieve high yield and high efficiency, pond culture should have good water quality in addition to ideal pond conditions, high-quality feed and healthy fish species, and reasonable stocking densities. There are four types of water quality common in pond culture, namely, fertilizer water quality, thin water quality, old water quality, and converted water quality. These four types of water quality are now described as follows:
I. Fertilizer Water Quality The water quality of the water is thick and turbid. It is oily green (including blue-green, yellow-green and green beans) or brown (including yellow-brown, red-brown and dark brown) and moderately transparent (between 20-30 cm). There are obvious daily changes and monthly changes. There are many plankton in the water, and the dissolved oxygen conditions are better. Fertilizer in general pond culture requires fertilizer, live, tender and cool, fertilizer is sufficient nitrogen and phosphorus elements, trace elements and nutrient salts in the water body, plankton organisms keep the highest level of food organisms both in quantity and quality; Livelihood means that the primary productivity is high in the water body, and the production and consumption of plankton have reached a dynamic equilibrium. There is a clear daily change and monthly change in the water color; the tenderness is the quantity of phytoplankton which is not old but is easily digested and absorbed by fish. Many, phytoplankton cells are not aging, phytoplankton content of blue-green algae is less, fresh water color like green bean soup; cool water is not dense, light, refreshing, transparency between 20-30 cm.
Second, lean water quality Thin water quality Water color is light, pale green or light yellow, more than 30 cm in transparency, there are daily changes and monthly changes, dissolved oxygen conditions are excellent, but the water plankton content is low. The formation of lean water quality is caused by infrequent fertilization on the one hand, and on the other hand, the newly excavated ponds do not have fertility to make the pool water fat. Lean water quality is not conducive to breeding fertilized water fish, but it is very beneficial for the cultivation of eating fish.
Third, the old water quality Old water quality Water color is very strong, was dark green or dark brown, less than 20 cm in transparency, the bottom of the pond water-soluble oxygen conditions are extremely poor, phytoplankton in the most blue-green algae, due to aging of cyanobacterial phytoplankton cells, is not conducive to Digestion and absorption of fish. The causes of the old water quality are:
(1) Insufficient amount of fertilizer, lack of oxygen, phosphorus or other trace elements and nutrient elements in water, the type of phytoplankton in water is single.
(b) Water-free source exchange, resulting in insufficient water dissolved oxygen conditions.
(3) There are tall trees or tall buildings around the pond, which results in insufficient light conditions and low transparency.
(d) Accumulation of metabolites is mainly due to the lack of attention to cleaning and disinfection around the food field.
(5) Frequent feeding of acidic feed, fertilizers or excessive use of alkaline drugs and fertilizers will cause the pH of the water to change too quickly.
4. Turning water quality into water quality Water quality is commonly known as water bloom, and the water quality is fertile. The water color is thick green, blue-green or red sauce. The water surface is often covered with cloud-like blooms. The transparency is low and the monthly changes are obvious. The content of phytoplankton in the water body is extremely high, but its species are few. When the water quality of the diverted water is dark, the turbidity is very large, and a strong smell of stench can be smelled down the pond. The reason for the formation of water quality is often due to improper feeding and management. When encountering continuous rainy weather, hot weather, or weather that is not thoroughly exposed to thunderstorms, due to the large number of phytoplankton blooms in the water, nutrients are supplied to the photosynthesis metabolism of phytoplankton. Insufficient class, coupled with the lack of sufficient light, caused a large number of deaths of algae, decomposition and production of toxic substances, resulting in a large number of fish killed in ponds, commonly known as "pan-tang" or "pan-pool."
The water quality of the conversion occurred mostly in the summer and autumn hot seasons. When water quality occurs, the water is seriously deficient in oxygen, and fish often floats, affecting growth. Therefore, we must strengthen the management of water blooms, such as regular injection of new water or regular spills of water quality improver to ensure safe production of pond culture.
I. Fertilizer Water Quality The water quality of the water is thick and turbid. It is oily green (including blue-green, yellow-green and green beans) or brown (including yellow-brown, red-brown and dark brown) and moderately transparent (between 20-30 cm). There are obvious daily changes and monthly changes. There are many plankton in the water, and the dissolved oxygen conditions are better. Fertilizer in general pond culture requires fertilizer, live, tender and cool, fertilizer is sufficient nitrogen and phosphorus elements, trace elements and nutrient salts in the water body, plankton organisms keep the highest level of food organisms both in quantity and quality; Livelihood means that the primary productivity is high in the water body, and the production and consumption of plankton have reached a dynamic equilibrium. There is a clear daily change and monthly change in the water color; the tenderness is the quantity of phytoplankton which is not old but is easily digested and absorbed by fish. Many, phytoplankton cells are not aging, phytoplankton content of blue-green algae is less, fresh water color like green bean soup; cool water is not dense, light, refreshing, transparency between 20-30 cm.
Second, lean water quality Thin water quality Water color is light, pale green or light yellow, more than 30 cm in transparency, there are daily changes and monthly changes, dissolved oxygen conditions are excellent, but the water plankton content is low. The formation of lean water quality is caused by infrequent fertilization on the one hand, and on the other hand, the newly excavated ponds do not have fertility to make the pool water fat. Lean water quality is not conducive to breeding fertilized water fish, but it is very beneficial for the cultivation of eating fish.
Third, the old water quality Old water quality Water color is very strong, was dark green or dark brown, less than 20 cm in transparency, the bottom of the pond water-soluble oxygen conditions are extremely poor, phytoplankton in the most blue-green algae, due to aging of cyanobacterial phytoplankton cells, is not conducive to Digestion and absorption of fish. The causes of the old water quality are:
(1) Insufficient amount of fertilizer, lack of oxygen, phosphorus or other trace elements and nutrient elements in water, the type of phytoplankton in water is single.
(b) Water-free source exchange, resulting in insufficient water dissolved oxygen conditions.
(3) There are tall trees or tall buildings around the pond, which results in insufficient light conditions and low transparency.
(d) Accumulation of metabolites is mainly due to the lack of attention to cleaning and disinfection around the food field.
(5) Frequent feeding of acidic feed, fertilizers or excessive use of alkaline drugs and fertilizers will cause the pH of the water to change too quickly.
4. Turning water quality into water quality Water quality is commonly known as water bloom, and the water quality is fertile. The water color is thick green, blue-green or red sauce. The water surface is often covered with cloud-like blooms. The transparency is low and the monthly changes are obvious. The content of phytoplankton in the water body is extremely high, but its species are few. When the water quality of the diverted water is dark, the turbidity is very large, and a strong smell of stench can be smelled down the pond. The reason for the formation of water quality is often due to improper feeding and management. When encountering continuous rainy weather, hot weather, or weather that is not thoroughly exposed to thunderstorms, due to the large number of phytoplankton blooms in the water, nutrients are supplied to the photosynthesis metabolism of phytoplankton. Insufficient class, coupled with the lack of sufficient light, caused a large number of deaths of algae, decomposition and production of toxic substances, resulting in a large number of fish killed in ponds, commonly known as "pan-tang" or "pan-pool."
The water quality of the conversion occurred mostly in the summer and autumn hot seasons. When water quality occurs, the water is seriously deficient in oxygen, and fish often floats, affecting growth. Therefore, we must strengthen the management of water blooms, such as regular injection of new water or regular spills of water quality improver to ensure safe production of pond culture.
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