Legs and hooves are important pillars of cows. Since the hooves have a solid horny toe shell, they have the function of protecting the sensory department and supporting weight. The health of dairy cows' limbs and hoofs is a powerful guarantee for achieving high yields and ensuring stable production. Over the years, due to the neglect of feeding and management, the incidence of hooves disease has remained high, and it has become one of the three major diseases that endanger the production of dairy cows.
First, strengthen feeding and management to ensure that the balance of the ration is based on the different stages of lactation in dairy cows. According to the nutritional configuration of a variety of diets that meet the needs of dairy cows, energy and protein content should be appropriate, with particular attention should be paid to the proportion of refined coarse grains, to avoid mutating feeds or feeding too much fine material, to feed the fine material to the right amount, to ensure hay and other roughage supply. Cows during pregnancy should not be overweight. The amount of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium and sulfur in the feed must be ensured, especially the amount of calcium and phosphorus and the appropriate ratio of calcium to phosphorus; the trace elements iron, copper, manganese, zinc, cobalt, selenium, iodine The amount. To ensure the supply of vitamin A, D, E and niacin in dairy cows, in order to ensure the pH of the rumen cow between 6.2 and 6.5, buffers can be added to prevent the increase of lactic acidosis and stimulated feed intake.
Cows must exercise regularly, especially in pre- and post-natal cows. Keep the playground flat and dry.
Second, do a good job in environmental sanitation, improve environmental conditions, keep the cleanliness and drying of housing and sports grounds, timely clean the excrement of housing and sports grounds, strengthen disinfection and sanitation work, conduct regular environmental disinfection, wash cattle beds, sports grounds with NaOH, coal phenol soap solution And so on, in order to reduce the chance of pathogenic bacteria invading the bovine body and destroy the living environment of pathogenic bacteria such as necrophaga. The stadium should be kept flat and free of accumulated water. It must not have sharp foreign bodies and hard corners to prevent the cows from standing on muddy or hard ground for long periods of time.
Every day, the cattle manure and sewage in the barn and the stadium should be cleared, and the stones and hard objects on the playground should be cleared in time to prevent bruises on the bottom of the hoof; the newly-opened cows should not move on the concrete floor during the first two weeks; There should be lines, too smooth concrete will easily cause the cows to slip, damage the cow's hoof.
Third, to strengthen the health of the hoof to reduce the incidence of possible cows should be fixed hoof 1 or 2 times a year, usually pay attention to observation and found that deformation hoof to be amended in time. In the case of narrowing of the hoof and narrowing of the crown, the narrow wall of the hoof wall can be shrunk to relieve the oppression, and the hoof can be fitted with the hoof therapy. In the higher seasons, especially in the hot rainy season, cows are hoofed and hoof baths are set up in places such as dairy cows, milking stations, and milking cows.
In order to effectively prevent infectious hoof disease and increase the hardness of hoof keratin, we insist on giving the cattle a sprinkling shoe twice a week, and use a 3%~5% copper sulfate bath solution with little irritation and no odor, and use a plastic sprayer to directly apply the medicine. The liquid is sprayed on the cow's hoof. When the spouts are sprayed, cows should be swept away by cow dung and mud litter so that the liquid can be sprayed on the hoof shells. In a conditional area, on the aisle of the milking parlour and on the aisle of the cowshed in the pasture, a medicine bath of 5 meters in length, 3 meters in width and 10 centimeters in depth is built so that the cows can step on milking and grazing, reaching the aim of soaking. However, the medicine bath must be changed frequently, and do not make it a cow urine pool.
Fourth, do a good job in disease prevention and eliminate the cause of the disease
It is necessary to strengthen feeding and management, enhance the constitution of dairy cows, and prevent the occurrence of some induced diseases. In particular, prevention and treatment of diseases such as subcutaneous injection, endometritis, mastitis, gastroenteritis, rumen acidosis, and moldy feed poisoning should be made.
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