1 Make full use of local feed resources to properly prepare cow diets
Diets for cows should include concentrates, dried corn stalks, blue-yield corn stalks, and green feeds. According to the nutritional needs of cows, the nutrients in the diet of the production date are crude fiber, energy, crude protein, macroelements, trace elements and vitamins in order, and the nutritional supply of the cow must be guaranteed.
The cow's lyricism should be between 7.5 and 8.5 percent to ensure that the estrus is bred and bred in two months after the calving. If the diarrhea is less than 7.0 percent, the cow is not likely to be estrus or the estrus is not obvious. However, overweight cows can affect ovulation and reduce the rate of conception.
For cows, fat-soluble vitamins, trace elements, and minerals are closely related to reproduction. Lack of manganese, zinc, and iodine all lead to delayed or decreased estrus in cows. The lack of VA, VD, calcium, and selenium can cause cows to lose their ability to get childbirth and decrease their conception rate. Promote scientific cattle breeding, cattle farms and cattle farmers should use full price materials as much as possible.
2 Strengthen cow feeding and management to reduce obstetric disease
2.1 Pregnant cows need to control the supply of concentrate during the perinatal period to prevent the calf from becoming overweight and cause dystocia, or to cause cow postpartum obesity syndrome.
2.2 Use 0.1% potassium permanganate to sterilize obstetrical devices, genitals, and midwifery personnel during midwifery to prevent birth canal infections. With the disinfection and killing regularly on the delivery room, cattle bed, and environmental disinfection, the cows must lay dry straw after childbirth to keep the cowshed dry and sanitary.
3 Try to reduce the postpartum placental clothing of cows
There are many factors that affect the retention of cows' overcoats. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of placental retention is the focus of reducing obstetric diseases. (1) Strengthen grazing and exercise can reduce cow's birth weight, and light is good for cow's health and estrus. (2) Postpartum calcium supplement, sugar supplement and timely drink "Bran salt calcium soup", can quickly restore the body of the cow, and promote calcium-depleted cows to discharge the tires. (3) Postpartum intramuscular injection of oxytocin (5), subcutaneous injection of competition forest or reconstituted spirit (20mL), repeated at intervals of 3 to 5 hours, once every 1 to 3 times, can reduce the retention of placental clothing. (4) When the placenta does not occur, brown sugar and motherwort decoction are used for 5 to 7 days. Palace built 3g oxytetracycline or 5g gold toxin, interval 3 ~ 5d with 0.1 ~ 0.2 500 mg of leifanorol rinse the uterus, with the use of oxytocin to discharge lochia. Use caution to manually remove the tires. (6) Feeding carrots, green feeds, and adding VA and VD during mating season are all beneficial to increase the conception rate. Summer temperatures are hot and the conception rate is low, and the early embryonic mortality rate is high. The cows should be given plenty of fresh water and the mothers will Burdock to the shade, avoid sun exposure.
4 Timely insemination of cow estrus breeding
In general, the duration of external appearance of cow oestrus is only 24h (from excitement to climb other cows or to accept crosses until refusal to climb). A few cows will grow longer, and ovulation will occur 12 to 15 hours after the end of heat. The survival time of sperm in the cow's reproductive tract is 24 to 48 hours, and it takes 4 to 6 hours for the capacitation process to combine with the egg to fertilize. Cows shed eggs to ensure normal fertilization time is only 8 ~ 12h. Therefore, when performing rectal neck and neck insemination, the following should be done:
4.1 timely insemination should be in the milk of estrus cows out of the mucus, sticky and sticky, mucosal color becomes yellow-red, at this time insemination is timely. If the color of the mucous membrane is flushed and mucous thinning is not involved, it is too early to lose sperm. If the mucous membrane becomes pale, it is too late for insemination. In general, if a virgin or young cow wants to postpone insemination, the age of infertility in older frail cows needs to be advanced. Breeding time in summer should be appropriately advanced and winter slightly delayed.
4.2 The estrous cow insemination should adhere to the second insemination method. The first insemination followed by an interval of 8 to 10 hours after the second insemination, which can improve the conception rate.
4.3 Insist on mastering the site of insemination. When rectal neck gripping is insemination, if the follicle development side can be determined, the semen is best lost to the base of the uterine horn of the developing follicle side. If the development of the follicular side cannot be determined, the semen can be delivered to the uterus so that no matter which side is ovulating, Guarantee sperm fertilization.
4.4 When insemination, the semen must not be transported too deeply. Under no circumstances can semen be sent beyond the curvature of the uterine horn, so as not to affect the capacitation and damage of the endometrium of the uterine horn and affect fertilization.
5 Treatment of Cow Reproductive Diseases
5.1 When suffering from hidden endometritis, the general estrus is normal, there is no obvious change in the reproductive organs, and some cows sometimes have estrus bleeding. This cow is infertile for a long time. Treatment can be used 8 to 12 hours before insemination with penicillin 4.8 million units, streptomycin 1 million units, dissolved in 30 ml normal saline into the uterus. In addition, 2 to 6 hours before insemination, a 250-500g dose of a pro-progesterone agent (produced by Hebei Hengheng Tongtong Animal Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) can be given. For cows with long estrus time and high mucus flow, 50 to 100 mg of progesterone is injected intramuscularly after mating.
5.2 When a cow suffers from mucinous endometritis, the uterus can be injected into Gongjingkang (one on the 2nd, produced by Shandong Dezhou Shenniu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) in the early stage of estrus. Normal insemination can be performed after 8 hours. A one-time estrus can also be used to inject uterine injection into Gongyankang (Beijing Zhongnongda Animal Health Products Group Xiangtan Veterinary Medicine Factory) in one estrus or one or two branches, or Gongfu Kang (manufactured by Nanjing Animal Hormone Factory) for 1-2 estruss until the next estrus. When insemination.
5.3 When cows develop purulent endometritis, the uterus can be washed with 0.05 to 0.10% potassium permanganate, 0.1% rivanol, and 5 to 10% saline. The temperature of the liquid should be 45 to 50 °C. Rinse until the uterus returns the fluid to be clean, then drains the uterus flushing fluid, simultaneously the uterus injects Gong Fukang or Gong Yankang 2, the next heat depends on its plot, decides whether to inseminate. The uterus can also be injected into the cervix when the cow is in estrus (Beijing Lishida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) 1 or 2 sticks.
5.4 cows suffering from ovarian cysts, the commonly used treatment methods are: when suffering from follicular cysts, 1, intramuscular injection of progesterone 50 ~ 100mg, even for 5 ~ 7d. 2, intramuscular injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) 10000 ~ 20000 units, 1 ~ 3d symptoms disappeared. At the same time, the uterus was injected with 4.8 million units of penicillin and 1 million units of streptomycin, diluted once with 30 ml of normal saline and injected once. 3, massage the ovary, every 5 ~ 10min. Luteal cyst, intramuscular follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 100 to 200 units. Dilute with 5 to 10 ml of normal saline solution every 3 days, once for 3 consecutive times, or intramuscular injection of cloprostenol (produced by Shanghai Family Planning Research Institute) 0.4 to 0.6 mg.
5.5 The delay of the female steak's eggs can be followed by intramuscular injection of 50-100mg of progesterone after the insemination, promoting row 2 or promoting row 3 of 2 to 3 branches. At the same time can also be used in conjunction with the use of traditional Chinese medicine to promote a pregnant 250 ~ 500g, 2 to 6h before insemination once orally.
5.6 After discharging the cow's estrus, the cow may take orally the Chinese herbal medicine Xiangdan progestation (produced by Dongfeng Veterinary Medicine Factory) 250g. At the same time, after the insemination, the males should be given oral oral ampoule progesterone tablets (for human use), 2 tablets on the second day and 2 tablets on the third day, totaling 5 to 7 tablets.
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