As the most important input in the breeding process, feed generally accounts for more than 70% of the cost of feeding, and the quality of feed directly affects the efficiency of the breeding. Products such as concentrated feeds, compound premixes or feed additives purchased from the market must be supplemented with protein, energy and other raw materials such as fishmeal, soybean meal, and bran before they can be formulated into full-priced feeds. When purchasing these feed ingredients, it is difficult to judge the quality of their products from the appearance. The harmful effects of counterfeit feed ingredients on aquaculture are particularly manifested in the abnormalities of group-based dietary losses, reduced growth performance, lack of energy, and increased mortality. Therefore, in order to avoid buying counterfeit feed, purchase contracts must be signed when purchasing feeds. At the same time, receipts or invoices or even a small amount of samples must be kept for evidence of future quality disputes. Here are some simple ways to identify the main raw materials:
1. Fishmeal: Appropriate fishmeal particle size is consistent, a large number of fish muscle fibers and a small amount of fishbone, fish scales, fish eyes, etc. are visible to the naked eye. The color is light yellow, yellowish brown or yellowish green, and the hand has loose feeling, no agglomeration and no stickiness. , fish smell, no smell. Adulterated fish meal is often mixed with cotton cake, rapeseed cake, urea, sediment and other substances. The methods of identification are:
Sensory examination. In adulterated fish meal, impurities of various shapes and colors can be seen. Fish muscle fibers, fish bones, fish scales, fish eyes, etc. are rare or absent. Powder or granules are too fine, easy to agglomerate, clumping into hands, and fishy odor. There is odor.
Odour test. Take about 20 grams of fishmeal and 10 grams of soybean cake into a conical flask. Add a suitable amount of water. Close the lid and heat for 15-20 minutes. Remove the lid. If you smell the ammonia, then add urea.
2. Soybean cake (粕): False bean cake (粕) is often mixed with silt, ground corn, or stone powder. The methods of identification are:
Water immersion method. Take 25 g of the sample into a bowl containing 250 ml of water and soak for 2-3 hours. Then stir gently. If there is sediment, the stratification will be obvious. The upper layer will be the bean cake and the lower layer will be the sediment.
Iodine identification method. Take a small amount of sample on a clean white porcelain plate to spread out, drop a few drops of iodine, and after 1 minute, if the substance turns blue-black, it means that there are substances such as corn and rice husk.
3. Bran: Adulterated bran contains talcum powder and rice bran. The method of identification is:
Insert the hand into a pile of bran. If you pick up fine white powder that is not easily shaken off, it means that talcum powder is added. Grab a handful of bran and hold it firmly. Pure bran can be used as a group. If there is a feeling of bulge when holding, it means that rice bran is added.
Of course, once feed quality problems arise in the aquaculture process, feeds should be replaced immediately and then quickly contacted with the supplier. In case of failure to negotiate, according to the relevant laws and regulations of China, the parties to the dispute over the quality of feed products shall have the right to submit an application for arbitration inspection of feed products to a quality inspection agency with state qualification.
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