Hainan is China's major agricultural province and one of the main production bases of China's southern vegetables. However, due to the fact that Hainan is located in the tropics and frequent natural disasters, typhoons, droughts and floods frequently occur. These disasters have caused great harm to agricultural production, especially vegetable production. For example, in 2000, the typhoon 16 and the floods in November caused a devastating blow to vegetable production in the southern and northern regions. How to resist disasters and reduce disasters in the face of natural disasters is an important issue faced by the majority of vegetable producers.
1. Developing facilities and gardening is the fundamental way to completely solve natural disasters.
Facility gardening is cultivation in a protected area, and it is cultivated under facilities such as plastic greenhouses and glass greenhouses. Although Hainan has a large vegetable production area, except for a few foreign-funded enterprises, there are few facilities for gardening. The main reasons are: A. Large-scale investment in facilities and horticulture, high production costs; B. Late construction in Hainan, low starting point for agricultural production C, the natural large temperature shed makes the majority of producers have a good fortune. In fact, although the investment in facilities and gardening is relatively large, due to high output and strong resilience, the production risk is much lower than the traditional production method. For example, if a greenhouse of 667 square meters is built, the investment will be about 10,000 yuan. Using soilless cultivation techniques, planting tomatoes, the annual output can reach 1.5 to 25,000 kg, the gross income is 13,000 yuan, minus the cost, plus disasters in nature. The profit in the middle can be recovered in the same year.
Second, self-rescue after the disaster is an effective means of disaster reduction
After the disaster, due to mechanical damage, air humidity, rain and wind, it is easy to breed pests and diseases. In order to prevent the spread of pests and diseases, it is necessary to promptly drain the cockroaches after the disaster, adjust the disabled plants and carry out chemical control. When the plant's injury is improved, it is necessary to fertilize in time to restore the growth as soon as possible.
Third, the development of fast-growing vegetables is a good decision to turn challenges into opportunities.
Fast-growing green leafy vegetables are popular products in the market today, such as radish sprouts and watercress green. These vegetables have a short production period, usually only 7 to 15 days from sowing to harvest, and some are even shorter. The price of vegetables is generally 5 to 7 days after the disaster, and the price is 200%-300% of the usual price; 1 to 2 weeks is the high price period, and the price is 150% to 200% of the usual price. For example, in the days after the typhoon on the 16th of 2000, the average price of green leafy vegetables was 11.5 yuan/kg (Sanya, usually 0.25 yuan/kg). Due to the relatively advanced modern technology, large natural disasters can be forecasted in advance of 3 to 5 days, sometimes even earlier. If we can seize the opportunity, we will cultivate indoors in advance before the disaster, and if we go public in time after the disaster and seize the gap, the natural disaster may be an opportunity for us, and it is a business opportunity.
Fourth, pre-disaster storage is another effective way to resist disasters and reduce disasters
For some storage-resistant vegetables, such as melons, beans, potatoes, peppers, tomatoes, radishes, etc., harvested before the disaster, rational storage, timely supply to the market after the disaster, can meet the market needs, but also create for us Good economic benefits.
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