"Five major anomalies" in vegetables with increased temperature need to be carefully guarded against
Under high sun light, plants have high transpiration, especially leaves and fruits. Under direct sunlight, the temperature of the leaf surface and the fruit surface is very high. If the replenishment is not timely, it will directly lead to burning on the leaves of the melons, that is, the leaves will turn green and turn white, and then it will turn yellow; for solanaceous vegetables, There will be dry and shrinking leaves on the edge of the performance; in the fruit surface, will directly show the situation of sunburn, that is, the side of the sun showed a yellow-white, severe dry white thin skin.
Poor flower bud differentiation Although the melon vegetables are like high temperature, the excessive temperature will affect the differentiation of the flower buds, which will increase the number of male flowers and female flowers in the melons, while the eggplant vegetables will cause the malformation of flower buds at high temperatures, resulting in small flowers and fruit. Small, even falling fruit.
Lower yields increase respiration and consume large amounts of nutrients, resulting in low yields. At high temperatures, the respiration of the plant body is strong. High temperature not only inhibits the persistence of photosynthesis, reduces the synthesis of organic nutrients, but also accelerates the respiration, decomposes and consumes a large amount of organic nutrients, and ultimately leaves the flower buds and young fruit insufficient. Nutrients appear malformed, empty, or even withered. In the event that the flower or fruit cannot sit, the occurrence of leggy grows even more.
Poor fruit coloration affects pigment formation and is not conducive to fruit coloration. When the fruits of eggplant fruits, such as tomatoes and bell peppers, change color, the lycopene inside the fruit can be rapidly generated at about 24°C. The fruit color turns quickly and smoothly under this temperature condition. Once the temperature exceeds 30 °C or reaches 35 °C or more, it will seriously hinder the formation of lycopene, and even if some of them have begun to turn color, the fruit will appear yellow and white.
Viral diseases show that vegetables are infected with viral diseases. Generally, they do not show dominant status when the tree is suitable for high temperatures. Once an adverse situation such as high temperature occurs, the growth of the original strong plants is inhibited, and the virus disease will show a dominant state, and then the plant performance. Symptoms such as mosaics, fern leaves, and stripe spots are irreversible once the symptoms appear.
Take measures to create a suitable environment for vegetables
One is to do a good job of shading the shed. The shade film can be used to cover shading nets, spray cold cool agents, mud, etc. to reduce the transparency of the shed film and reduce the illumination in the shed, thereby reducing the temperature of the shed. When the sunshade net is installed, it is best to maintain a distance of about 0.5-1 meters from the shed, and it is necessary to cover it regularly every day. Of course, we must also pay attention to proper pruning to maintain a reasonable number of leaves, promote healthy growth of plants, to avoid direct sunlight on the fruits leading to sunburn.
The second is to strengthen ventilation. When vegetable growers plant vegetables in summer, in order to avoid high temperature obstacles in the vegetables in the greenhouse, it is necessary to pay attention to open the upper and lower air outlets of the greenhouse to form convection and accelerate the discharge of hot air, which is conducive to reducing the temperature in the greenhouse. However, it is necessary to properly install insect nets and reduce the number of virus vectors.
The third is reasonable watering, spray cooling at noon. In the summer, it is necessary to pay attention to ground water, increase the humidity in the shed, and reduce the temperature of the shed. At noon, the temperature in the shed is generally high, and the evaporation of the leaves will increase, making it easier for the leaves of vegetables to roll up. The vegetable growers can install micro-spray spray in the shed to reduce the temperature of the shed. This can also increase the air humidity in the shed, prevent the stigma from drying, promote pollination, and prevent vegetables from falling.
The fourth is reasonable picking leaves. When picking the leaves, we must follow the principle of “more without squeezing†the upper leaves of the fruit, which not only ensures ventilation between the plants but also lacks translucency. The leaves of the upper part of the fruit do not need to be picked. Even the old leaves should not be removed as much as possible. These leaves can serve as a “parasol†for the fruit and reduce the occurrence of sunburn. The lower leaves should follow the principle of “fewer and refinedâ€. The leaves of the lower part of the fruit should not be completely removed, and one or two functional leaves should be reserved to ensure the photosynthesis of the plants and promote the growth and color transformation. The leaves can be sprayed with high fat film emulsions, amino oligosaccharides, and chitin, amino acids, and alginic acid foliar fertilizers to form a protective film on the surface of the leaves to improve the ability of the leaves to withstand high temperatures.
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