Vigilant Biological Fertilizer "Dark Zone"
Risk index: ★★★
In order to improve fertilizer efficiency, some farmers often mix biological fertilizer with fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, etc., which can easily kill biological bacteria.
Correct application: During application, if the application of bacterial fertilizer is inconsistent with the prevention of pests and weeding, the application of bacterial fertilizer can be carried out first, and after 48 hours, spray medicine and weeding. If dressing seeds, do not mix them with seeds that have been mixed with fungicides. At the same time, it should be prevented from mixing with immature farm manure, which will directly kill biological bacteria.
Mixing a large amount of high-concentration chemical substances with chemical fertilizers has a toxic effect on microorganisms in bacterial fertilizers. Especially when mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate and physiological alkaline fertilizers such as sodium nitrate, it can kill a large number of microorganisms in bacterial fertilizers.
Correct application method: For fields that have used chemical fertilizers for many years, biological bacterial fertilizers should not be used in large quantities. Because crops are dependent on chemical fertilizers, replacing nitrogen fertilizers with biological bacterial fertilizers cannot be adapted at once. Therefore, the agent should be the first One, two and three years replace 30%, 40% and 60% respectively. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can only make up, not reduce.
There are many types of mixed bacterial fertilizers for different types of bacterial fertilizers, and the active bacteria contained in them are different. It is not clear whether they have mutually contradictory effects. If they resist each other, the fertilizer efficiency will be reduced.
Correct application method: Only one kind of biological bacterial fertilizer should be applied. It is not suitable to apply multiple biological bacterial fertilizers containing different beneficial bacteria at the same time, and it should not be used frequently with different kinds of biological bacteria.
Do not enter the "deep water area" of chemical fertilizers
Risk index: ★★★★
Calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer is not easy to dissolve in water, and the fertilizer effect is slow. When used as top-dressing, especially after the middle stage of crop growth, its utilization rate is low and the effect is poor.
Correct application method: Calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer can only be used as base fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and it is effective as seed dressing fertilizer.
Direct seed dressing with superphosphate Superphosphate contains 3.5% to 5% free acid, which is very corrosive. Direct seed dressing will reduce the germination rate and emergence rate of seeds.
Correct application: For top dressing, deep application should be made. When making seed fertilizer, it should be applied 5-6 cm below or beside the seed, and the fertilizer should be separated from the seed with soil.
The mixed application of zinc fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer has a serious "antagonistic effect" between zinc and phosphorus. For example, mixed application of zinc sulfate and superphosphate can inhibit the fertilizer effect of zinc sulfate to a large extent and reduce its effectiveness.
Correct application method: zinc fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer should be applied separately, phosphate fertilizer as base fertilizer, zinc fertilizer as seedling fertilizer, or zinc fertilizer as base fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer as seedling fertilizer, which can improve the fertilizer efficiency of phosphorus and zinc fertilizer.
Cold water dissolving borax spraying. After borax is dissolved in cold water, "recrystallization" will occur soon, causing the borax solution to precipitate and lose its fertilizer effect.
Correct method: Put the boron fertilizer in a thermos, add boiling water to dissolve it, close the cork and bring it to the field, and then cool the water to the required concentration, the effect will be greatly improved.
Beware of organic fertilizer "getting into trouble"
Risk index: ★★★★
Excessive application of easy-to-burn seedlings causes a large accumulation of nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium in the soil, resulting in an imbalance of soil nutrients. At the same time, it causes the accumulation of nitrate ions in the soil, causing the nitrate salt of crops to exceed the standard, and the concentration of the soil solution is high, which is not conducive to root water absorption.
Correct application method: The more organic fertilizer is not the better, generally 1000~1500 kg per mu or 1000~1500 kg green manure.
The combination of organic and inorganic is not enough. The nutrient of organic fertilizer is comprehensive, but the content is low. During the vigorous growth period of crops, application alone cannot fully meet the nutrient needs of crops.
Correct application method: Add appropriate amount of ammonium bicarbonate or urea during application to adjust the carbon to nitrogen ratio and prevent the phenomenon of microorganisms competing with crops for nitrogen.
Undecomposed raw fertilizers are decomposed and fermented by microorganisms in the soil, and the ammonia produced can easily cause crops to burn roots and poison, and some can breed weeds and spread diseases and insect pests.
Correct method: build a manure storage tank for fermentation, or add water to humidify the compost pile, and seal it with mud to make the temperature reach 35～40℃. After 25～30 days, the fermentation can be completed, and the manure can be fully fermented at 60℃ , Can kill insect eggs and weed seeds, safer and more effective when used.
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