First, the nutritional requirements of silver carp need silver carp and other fish need nutrition to maintain life activities, these nutrients include: protein, fat, sugar, inorganic salts, vitamins and trace elements. The lack of one or more of the necessary nutrients will lead to slower growth and fish disease. The lack of long-term nutrition will cause death. As mentioned earlier, the Founder Silver Juvenile is an omnivorous fish. It needs to eat crustaceans such as rotifers before hatching from the fry until it is 20mm long. This is consistent with the feeding habit of most fish, and it is the same as that of adult fish from a body length of 20mm. Algae and decay are the main factors. They can digest blue algae that other fish can't digest, and the amount of phosphorus they take from this algae is 43-50%. At present, there is no research on the nutritional requirements of silver carp, but from the above food analysis, its nutritional needs should be between the carp, tilapia and carp. Since the phytoplankton ingesting phytoplankton does not need to be fed without researching its nutritional needs, the nutritional needs of tilapia and carp are more studied. Therefore, the nutritional needs of tilapia and catfish are temporarily used here. Protein is a component of all the cells and tissues of fish and accounts for about 16-18% of the wet weight of fish. The crude protein level of the most suitable feed for tilapia was 38.68%. The protein of fish is composed of 20 kinds of amino acids, among which 10 kinds of amino acids are fish which can not be synthesized by itself and must be obtained from food. The demand for these ten kinds of essential amino acids for catfish is 35.6%. It is necessary for fat and The amount of fatty acid in the feed is 5-12%. Sugar is 25%. Vitamins are a class of small-molecule organic substances that are necessary for maintaining the growth and development of fish and ensuring normal physiological activities in the body. The vast majority of vitamins are the basic components of the prosthetic group and participate in various biochemical reactions in the fish body. The fish body lacks it. Some fish enzyme activity disorder occurs, resulting in metabolic disorders, affecting the function of some organs and fish growth and development, leading to the occurrence of various vitamin deficiency. The appropriate amount of vitamin (mg/Kg feed) for carp needs to be B1, 5, B2, 10, B6, 20, B12, 0.01 nicotinic acid 50, calcium pantothenate 20, folic acid 1, choline chloride 500, C50 , A (l, u) 500, D (l, u) 100, E10, K3; and tilapia inorganic salt demand (% bait), respectively Cao. 17-0.65, P 0.9, Mg 0.06-0.08, Z n 10, M n 12, Fe 150. Second, artificial feeds and formulas and baits are based on the nutritional studies of fish, according to the needs of different nutrients at different stages of growth, and the characteristics of digestion and absorption, according to the analysis and evaluation of feed nutrients, and According to nutritional standards, feeds formulated in nutritionally balanced feed formulations are supplemented by the complementary effects of multiple feeds. Although at present, the Founder Jubilee does not have a dedicated compound feed formula, but based on the nutrient requirements of tilapia and catfish mentioned above, several recipes have been selected and trials have been carried out to achieve certain results. The following are introduced and are for reference only. Formula 1: Soybean cake 50%, fishmeal 10%, wheat bran 40%, additives such as bone powder 1%, binder (CMC) 1%, mixed vitamin preparation. The bait coefficient is 1.7-1.2. Formula 2: rice bran or bean cake 45%, bean cake powder 35%, silkworm cocoon 10%, soil flour 8%, bone meal 1.5%, salt 0.5%. The bait coefficient is 2.27. Formulation 3: wheat bran 30%, bean cake powder 35%, fish meal 15%, corn flour 5%, barley flour 8.5%, auxin 1%, salt 0.5%. The bait coefficient is 1.7. Formula 4: bean cake 50%, fish meal 15%, wheat bran 15%, rice bran 15%, vitamins, trace element additives 1%, minerals 1%, antibiotics powder 1%, binder 2%, bait coefficient 1.7. Third, the feeding technology feed formulation quality and effectiveness ultimately must reflect in the breeding effect, namely fish growth rate, feed conversion rate, feed coefficient and yield. However, a scientific formula may not necessarily achieve the desired breeding effect for many reasons, the most important of which is whether or not the feeding technique can be correctly grasped. The pond’s ecological factors are extremely complex; fish are also temperature-changing animals, and the feeding intensity varies with the water temperature. Improper feeding and low feeding will keep the fish in a state of metabolic state, or even reduce it; Overfeeding is one of the causes of high mortality, and excess feed deteriorates water quality due to corruption, which in turn affects the normal feeding and growth of fish. Because of this, the correct feeding technique must be mastered. The feeding technique must first correctly determine the amount of feeding and be based on the characteristics of the feeding of different fish. Fish size, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and feed quality have a good grasp of the daily feeding amount and the number of feedings. (I) Determination of the amount of bait The amount of fish fed is generally expressed as a percentage of the body weight of the fish. There are many ways to calculate the bait rate, but it is generally determined from the growth rate and feed coefficient of the fish, and can also be determined from the nutritional and metabolic levels of the fish; these are not introduced here. Based on the results of years of experimentation and with reference to relevant data, the following parameters are provided as a reference for formulating the silver cockroach feeding rate. 1. Daily feeding amount, control 70-80% of the amount of food; 2. The feeding standards for different developmental stages are about 10% for juveniles and between 2% and 3% for adults. For fish weighing 2, 5, 10, 25, 50g and 100-250g, the feeding standards are generally 10-9%, 9-8%, 8-6%, 6-4%, 2-4%, 3- 2% (water temperature around 25°C); 3. The daily feeding amount at different water temperatures is equal to 0.13 water temperature °C (equivalent to the percentage of the fish's body weight); 4. The amount of feeding at different dissolved oxygen. When the dissolved oxygen is 3-4 mg/L, the feeding amount should be reduced by 15% when compared with 5 mg/L or more; when it is 2-3 mg/L, it should be reduced by 40%; when the dissolved oxygen is less than 2 mg/L, Stop feeding. (II) Specifications of pellet feed and number of feedings Specifications (size) of pellet feed: Feeds of different particle sizes should be prepared based on the size of the fish and the degree of palatability. For the silver cockroach breeding, five kinds of particle feeds should be set: feed diameter (mm) 0.5-1.0 (breeding body weight 1.0-3.0, body length 4.5-5.8), 0.8-1.5 (3.0-7.0, 5.8-7.4), 1.5-2.4 (7.0-12.0, 7.4-9.4), 2.5 (12-50-50, 9.4-15), 3.5 (50-100, 15-18). Feeding times: General juvenile feeding, 3-5 times a day, adult fish 2-3 times a day. (3) There are artificial feeding, automatic feeding and automatic feeding. Artificial feeding of silver carp is better. It is not as easy to domesticate and eat well as carp. It needs to be carefully fed and fed for at least 15-30 minutes at a time. Artificial bait should be set up with bait stations, or choose a harder bottom (or clear silt) for the feeding point to prevent the bait from sinking into the mud, causing waste and easy inspection.
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