1 Variety characteristics
1.1 Jinguo Pear fruit is round or nearly round, with a single fruit weight of 600-900g.
1.2 The fruit is yellow, the peel is thin, and the fruit surface is smooth and smooth.
1.3 The pure flesh of white flesh is delicate and juicy, the fruit is small, and the edible rate is above 95%.
1.4 The fruit matures in mid-September.
2 planting techniques
2.1 Planting
Strong resistance to disease and insects.
Planting time: The soil is thawed in mid-October or in the spring of the following year and then planted before germination.
Planting distance: 2m3m plant spacing, planting 111 plants per 667m2.
Planting depth: The depth of the hole is 80cm and the width is 1m.
Planting and fertilizing: The organic fertilizer is applied at the bottom of the hole and the soil is covered with soil.
After planting management: practical when planting, pouring enough water, covered with a layer of fine soil.
2.2 Soil Management
Deep-turning to improve soil
Deep plowing can improve the ventilation and permeability of soil, regulate the temperature of soil and promote the activity of microorganisms, so that the physicochemical properties of soil can be fundamentally improved, which is conducive to the growth of roots and the expansion of absorption area.
To deepen the gap between rows and rows, dig trenches of 40cm in depth and 100cm in width. It should be shallow near the root and gradually deepen outwards, preferably 10-40cm.
Weeding and weeding
After every deep watering or raining, cultivators should be cultivated to loosen the soil, prevent compaction, preserve fertilizers, conserve fertilizers, eliminate weeds, and reduce the number of pest and disease breeding sites.
The depth of cultivating depth in early spring is 5-10cm, the depth of cultivating depth in April-August is 3-5cm, and the depth of cultivating depth in November is more than 10cm.
Reasonable intercropping
Chickens, ducks, etc. can be grown under the forest. Strawberries, peanuts, sweet potatoes, and other dwarf crops can also be planted at forest spacing.
2.3 Water and Fertilizer Management
base fertilizer
Mainly organic fertilizer, fertilization amount per 667m2 more than 5000kg. After the fruit is defoliated, the soil is deep-turned before deciduous use, and base fertilizers such as compost, poultry, and animal husbandry are applied. Autumn basal fertilizer is beneficial to the healing and growth of roots, and is also conducive to restoration of tree vigor and accumulation of stored nutrients. Pour water 1 time after fertilization.
After fruit-picking, combined with deep-turning of the soil before defoliation, compost, poultry, and animal manure were used.
After the fertilization, pour water once.
top dressing
According to the characteristics of the pear tree's requirement for fertilizer, it was applied before flowering, after the growth of the shoot was basically stopped, and during the rapid expansion of the fruit.
Before flowering, fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer.
For the second topdressing, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements must be properly matched.
The third top-dressing is mainly to promote fruit enlargement and accumulation of tree storage nutrients.
According to the tree vigor, the extra-root fertilizer can be sprayed with 0.5% urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
2.4 Irrigation and Drainage
Dry hot wind season needs to ensure that the water supply is good, and at the same time it can be combined with the soil to apply water after fertilization.
Pear gardens lacking irrigation conditions should be strengthened.
Excessive long-term soil moisture, poor drainage, will cause wet damage, and even death, so timely drainage in the rainy season.
2.5 Pest Control
Manual control
Strengthen management, enhance tree vigor, and increase the resistance to pests and diseases of trees.
In winter, the insect removes the omentum, removes dead branches, fallen leaves, and weeds, and burns them in a concentrated manner to eliminate overwintering pathogens and parasites.
Chemical control
Common pests and diseases: pear scab, ringworm disease, aphids, pear hibiscus, pear nettle, red spider and so on.
Pear scab, rosy ring disease: Use 80% carbendazim 1500 times, 20% Daisen ammonium 1000 times or 40% Fuxing 8000-10000 times liquid to control.
Locusts, pears, pears, pear nets: spray 10% acetaminophen, quinone net 2000 times or 4.5% beta cypermethrin 2000 times for control.
Starscream: sprayed scorpion net or 1.8% abamectin 2000 times for control.
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