In the process of high-oil soybean production, the safe use of pesticides is very important. Improper use of pesticides can cause human and livestock poisoning, environmental pollution, affecting soybean production and
Quality, especially the impact of soybean oil content. The safe use of pesticides includes two aspects. The first is the selection of pesticides and the second is the use of technology. high
The oil soybean production should have been obtained by the Ministry of Agriculture pesticide registration certificate or temporary registration certificate, and the plant protection department has organized experiments and demonstrations, using technology
Cooked pesticides have good safety for soy. Now we introduce the prevention and control technology of pests and weeds in the production of high-oil soybeans as follows.
1 Pest control technology
a. Soybean Root Diseases and Pests Soybean root diseases and diseases mainly include root rot, cyst nematode, and sub-root flies, followed by thrips and fleas. Soybean root rot is
Infected with pathogenic bacteria such as Fusarium, Pythium, Rhizoctonia solani, and P. purpurogenum. The pathogenic bacteria infested from the germination of soybean seeds until the soybeans were inoculated.
In the later stages of childbirth, it can still be affected. Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum fragrant, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium avenae, etc.) at pH 5.5-6.5
Soil conditions conducive to growth and development, Pythium, Rhizoctonia solani, etc. in the pH value of 6.5-7.0 soil conditions conducive to growth and development. Seed coating agent
The requirements can protect the main root, protect the seedlings, delay the infection of the pathogens, reduce the hazards, and have a wide range of sterilization and a long effective period. It is better to have a valid period of 2 months. suitable
Fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent is effective against Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani, and the effective period is more than 2 months; metalaxyl suspension seeds
The coating agent is effective against Pythium and the effective period is about 25 days. The carboxin+thiram suspension coating agent is effective against Fusarium, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium
, The persistence period is more than 1 month; Nanamycin aqueous solution is effective against Fusarium and Pythium, and the effective period is about 25 days.
(MB-97, Streptomyces microflavus, a variant of Streptomyces microflavus) is effective against Fusarium and Penicillium purpurogenum; it is beneficial to Bacillus
Cereus) has good preventive and inhibitory effects against soybean root rot pathogens, with a sustained period of 45 days or more; 35% Dokafu (Fumei Shuang + Carbendazim + Carbofuran) seed coats
The agent is effective against Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, and Pythium, and the effective period is about 25 days. Soybean root rot is seriously endangered in low-lying land and heavy land, and seed coating agents should be healthy
Mixed or used in combination with the preparations can achieve good control effect. Each 100kg soybean seed uses 2.5% Coke 150mL+20% gold Aplon 40mL.
Can be used 2% bacillus grams 1000-1500mL or 35% Dokfu 1000-1500mL + Yiwei 100-150mL mixed seed dressing; Eh secretion of microbial agents per hectare
45-75kg mixed with soybean seed fertilizer or biological fertilizer. 35% Dokford is effective against Soybean root tapers, Flea, and Thrips, and only 10-15d on Soybean cyst nematodes
Avoidance, use in the site where the soybean cyst nematode occurs moderately below light, and the above-ground plots only have rotation and no other effective control
Measures.
b. S. sclerotiorum in soybean 2-3 compound leaves period, with 25% per kilo of grams of prochloraz (Claxamine) 1050mL or 40% sclerotin net 250-1000g or 50% of the agricultural
Liling (vinyl ribonuclease) 1500g or 50% sucrose (procymidone) 1500g or 80% carbendazim 750g or 40% carbendazim 1500mL + EI 120-250mL or
0.13% Kangkai 30-40g + rice vinegar 1.5L mixed spray.
c. Soybean gray spot disease from late July to early August (early soybean stage) with 80% carbendazim 750g or 40% carbendazim 1500mL/70% methicone per hectare
Bujin (thiophanate-methyl) 900-1000g or 50% thiophanate-methyl 1200-1500mL + potassium dihydrogenphosphate 2500-3000g + rice vinegar 1.5L + Yiwei 150-
250mL mixed spray.
d. Soybean aphids use 50% haze avoidance fog 150-225g or 2.5% kung fu (cyhalothrin), 2.5% enemies (deltamethrin), 10% chlorine per hectare
Rhizomamethrin, 5% rifazone (cis-fenvalerate) 225 mL or 7% imidacloprid 15-20 g + rice vinegar 1.5 L were mixed with the spray mist.
e. Solanphoridia solitarius kills 375-450 mL or 2.5% kung fu 300 mL or 50% lactose 450 mL or 10% cypermethrin 375 per hectare with 2.5%.
450mL or 20% exfoliate (fenpropathrin) 450mL + rice vinegar 1.5L + Yiwei 150-250mL + potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2500-3000g mixed spray.
f. Soybean thrips use 5% fipronil (fipronil) 300-450 mL per hectare.
g. Grasshoppers use 2.5% kung fu or 2.5% enemies to kill 225-300 mL or 5% lelifering 300 mL per hectare.
The amount of liquid used to control pests and diseases is 100-150L per hectare, 100L for tractors, and 15-30L for aircraft. Add 0.5%-1.0% of the plant to the liquid
Oil spray additives, such as Synertrol, Yaoxiao, etc., can reduce the dosage of 30% -50%.
2 Weed control technology
Herbicides can be selected from Jindur, Dole (metolachlor), Propolachlor (Leferbo, Pulebao, Drupal), Nine (90% acetochlor
), Grafloxacin (Guan Xiao Ling, Guang Shuo Jing, Tian De Ji, Dou Cao Ling), fast-harvesting (propenol, flufenoxam), Kucao Qing (fictopamide), Pu Shi Te,
Shi Tianbu, Jing Wenchao (Pyrazole), High-efficiency Gatogram (dexpyrifosulfuron), Semencrazin (Quinacillin, Gaixao, Fengshan Gaisha
Spirit), Pentox (Quinoxime Ester), Weba (Ezoxazol), Soybean, Soybean, Tigergrass, Fomesafen, Papyridam
,Plants, easy beans, weeds, Kekuola, Keziling, Jindou (not recommended for use in low-lying, cold areas), Seiko (triazinone, limited to
Soils, soils with an organic matter content greater than 2% and a pH value of less than 7). 72% 2,4-D butyl ester is limited to 750 mL per hectare, for unearthed
Perennial and annual broad-leaved weeds are effective and safe for soybeans. The prominent problem in soybean fields is the prevention and treatment of difficult-to-treat weeds, such as yarrow, xanthium, and thorns.
The following prevention and control measures shall be taken for weeds such as children's vegetables, big burdock vegetables, pickled vegetables, reeds, solanum nigrum and wild leeks.
a. Use of mechanical weeding and chemical weed control combined with deep tillage and deep plowing land has 70%-80% control effect on perennial weeds, and perennial weeds
Cut off the rhizomes and use herbicides to control them easily. Weeds with severe perennial weeds are difficult to have good weed control effects when relying solely on chemical weed control.
b. Select the herbicide soybean pre-emergent herbicide 70% soybean sowing Huan 3.0-3.5L per hectare; 48% Guangmailing (Guan Shuo net, Tian Deji, bean grass spirit)
1.0-1.5L+96% Jindul 0.8-1.0L or 72% Dole 1.5-2.0L or 72% Propperamine 1.5-2.0L or 50% Lefonbao 2.2-2.9L or 90% Nes
(90% acetochlor) 1.5-1.9L + 80% Kusaoqing 30g or 50% fast-acting 70-90g or 72% 2,4-D Butyl Ester 750mL mixed spray. Soybean seedlings reach the true leaf stage until
1 compound leaf stage is the best time for controlling weeds, 18% of cultivable fields can be used per hectare, and it is easy to use 3.0-3.3L; 48% of Guangmianling (Guanmojing, Tiandeji, Douzhiling)
1.0L+25% Fomesafen 1.0L or 48% Paocaodan (Cerbutamol) 1.5L+45% Precise Kill 600mL or 10.8% High-Effective Ganoderma 375mL or 5% Chlorpyrifos
600mL mixed spray. Pre-emergence herbicide spray volume 180-200L per hectare tractor, manual 300L; Spray quantity of herbicide spraying per hectare after spraying seedlings
Machine 100L below, artificial 100-150L, ​​the need to add 1.0% of the vegetable oil spray additive, such as Yao Xiao Bao, Shun Debao, Kuta 7 (Quad7), Hessen
(Hasten) and so on.
c. Select the spray nozzle before spraying herbicide tractor and manual selection Teejet11003/11004 fan-shaped nozzle, with a 50-mesh sieve Filter. Spraying seedlings
After the herbicide tractor selected Teejet80015 fan-shaped nozzle, manually selected Teejet11001/110015/80015 fan-shaped nozzle, with 100 mesh sieve filter
Device.
d. Select the appropriate pressure and speed to spray the pre-emergence and post-emergence shoot and leaf contact herbicides. The spray pressure is 196.1-294.2kPa;
Herbicides, spray pressure 294.2-490.3kPa. When spraying herbicides, the tractor's walking speed is 6-8km/h.
e. Pay attention to the application time The application time should be before 8 am and after 5 pm. It is better to apply the drug at night. At the same time, it is required that the temperature be below 28°C when spraying.
The relative humidity of air is more than 65%, and the wind speed is 4m/s or less.
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