First, dilution
Correct selection of diluents Each vaccine generally has a specific diluent. Before diluting the vaccine, read the instructions carefully and dilute with the prescribed diluent. If the swine fever vaccine needs to be diluted with normal saline, the paratyphoid vaccine should be diluted with aluminum hydroxide glue.
Responsibility for diluting and diluting biological products should be assigned by a special person, especially when injecting multiple vaccines, so as to prevent mistakes. When diluting, check the quality of the vaccine. If the vaccine bottle has been damaged, the vacuum has been lost, or if it has dried or discolored, the vaccine that cannot be used should be removed and properly handled. Dilution to prevent pollution, pay attention to disinfection; the vaccine should be diluted with the current use, dilution should be mastered in 1 hour to 2 hours run out is appropriate. At the same time, the diluted vaccine should be placed in a cool place or placed in an incubator, avoiding sunlight and heat sources.
Second, the immune dose
The correct immunization dose is one of the important factors to ensure the immune effect. Generally, according to the instructions, the recommended dose is sufficient to generate high immunity, and it is not necessary to increase or decrease the dose without authorization. Individual animal epidemic prevention personnel or professional households think that the greater the immunization dose is, the better the immunization effect is, so arbitrarily increasing the immunization dose, and some to save money and arbitrarily reduce the immunization dose, these are all wrong practices.
Third, the immune response
General reactions such as poultry neck injection oil injection too close to the head may cause swelling and bleeding, which usually disappears after a period of time. Inadvertent stabbing of the sciatic nerve during injection of the leg or buttocks may cause spasm; the site of injection is not strict due to sterilization. Inflammation, necrosis, ulceration, etc.
Severe reactions due to differences in species and individuals, a small number of animals may have acute allergic reactions (such as rapid breathing, muscle tremor, mouth foam, etc.), or even died of unresponsive rescue, some pregnant females may have miscarriage.
After an acute death immunization, allergic reactions, stress reactions, etc. may cause animal deaths; intramuscular injections are too deep and pierce the liver; punctures of large blood vessels in the leg injection can also lead to major bleeding; syringes are contaminated, animals Animals may also die when they are in the incubation period.
The mild reaction of the immune response can usually recover spontaneously after 1 to 2 days. Severe reactions generally take symptomatic treatment to reduce the immune response, if necessary, can be injected epinephrine, hydrocortisone and other drugs for rescue. In order to prevent and reduce the immune response, some anti-stress drugs may be added during the immunization, for example, poultry supplements such as Subu-14, electrolytic multi-dimensional and the like may be added to the drinking water during immunization.
IV. Notes on the use of veterinary biological products
Strictly inspect the vaccine farmers to check their traits by bottle, vacuum freeze-dried seedlings, whether there is damage, whether the label is clear, whether the color of the vaccine, dry shrinkage, and whether the dilution can be dissolved in time after shaking, etc., where the vacuum is lost, Damage to the vaccine bottle, no labeling, drying shrinkage, poor dissolution, discoloration of the oil layer of the seedling oil, and precipitation of the vaccine cannot be used.
The optimal route of inoculation is selected according to the nature of the vaccine, the animal species and age, the immunization schedule, the number of animals, etc., and the vaccination route according to the instructions. If the oil emulsion inactivated vaccine should be injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly in the neck, the Newcastle disease virus vaccine should be given intramuscularly, and I or 30 should have the best eye drops or nasal drops.
Do not inoculate multiple vaccines at the same time, or use multiple vaccines to mix multiple vaccines at the same time. Simultaneous inoculation and mixed use of multiple vaccines can result in mutual interference or loss of immunity between vaccines. In general, a vaccine with weak virulence should be used for the first time, and a vaccine with strong virulence can be used for the second exemption and the third exemption.
Before injecting oil emulsion adjuvant inactivated vaccine, it is necessary to pre-warm the oil seedlings after injection. If the oil seedlings are taken out of the refrigerator immediately after injection, malabsorption of the oil seedlings will be caused, and blemishes of different sizes will be formed at the injection site, which will not only affect the immune effect but also cause negative effects. The difficulty of immunization. Pre-warming method: The oil seedlings taken out of the refrigerator are placed in warm water of 37° C. to 40° C. for 4 to 5 hours before the seedling injection, so that the temperature of the oil seedling approaches the normal body temperature of the poultry and then injection is performed. Always shake the vaccine when injecting. Oil seedlings must be stored at 2 °C ~ 8 °C, must not ice.
Yolk antibodies cannot be mixed with vaccines. After using yolk antibodies, they must be vaccinated in the short term to produce active immunity. If the antibody in the bottle is liquid, ice-free or ice-free, it should be discarded.
Disposal of vaccines and empty bottles of vaccines. Problematic vaccines such as loss of vacuum, breakage, no labeling, discoloration of vaccines, inadvertent freezing of oil emulsion inactivated vaccines, etc. cannot be used. Discarded live vaccines must be heated or burned to kill bacteria or viruses and then processed in a centralized manner. Dead vaccines can take deep-seated measures. After use, empty vaccine bottles must be disinfected and must not be thrown around.
Electronics Products,Electronic Parts ,Electronic Component ,Electronic Items
ChangChun E-vida Technology Co.,ltd , https://www.evidatech.com