Peacock is a popular ornamental animal. More than ten years ago, savvy people in economically developed areas used artificial-scale breeding blue peacocks, sold to hotels and restaurants, and launched a peacock feast. The peacock feast was very popular. One peacock sold 500 to 700 yuan. Due to the fact that the breeding peacock is dominated by vegetable feed, the source of feed is extensive, and the cost of breeding is low. Its growth rate is fast, it is easy to raise and manage, it has a more complex diet, and it has stronger resistance to diseases, and its breeding efficiency is obvious. Together with peacock, it is a popular bird of good fortune. Its meat is delicious, and its protein, amino acid and bone calcium content are much higher than other poultry. The demand for peacock in developed regions such as Shanghai is increasing year by year, and the food and viewing market is vast.
First, living habits Peacock blue peacocks, green peacocks, white peacock three. Blue peacocks were imported from India. They have long domestication time, high egg production rate and are easy to be bred on a large scale. White peacock blue peacock variants have been selected. Green peacocks are mainly produced in China and are rare because of their scarcity. The male of the peacock is about 2.2 meters long. Its feathers are colorful. The crown feathers of the head gather to form a pimple or fan-shaped screen. The last cover feather lengthens the tail screen. The tail screen is about 1.5 meters long, colorful and gorgeous when opening the screen. The peacocks are clever, bold, fearless, and good at flying without good flying, and prefer to perch on their habitat and stay out. Even in the cold rain and snow and winter nights, see the peacocks do not enter the house and spend the night on the perch. Therefore, when building the peacock shed, it is necessary to pay attention to the area of ​​the stadium outside, and the combination of the inner shed and the outer shed is better. The outer shed is larger than the inner shed. Times, the height of the shed is more than 3 meters. The surrounding and top are surrounded by galvanized wire mesh or nylon mesh. The mesh is 22.5cm. 1.5~2m away from the ground, bamboo and timber are used as a perch to facilitate the peacock on the shelf, and a sand pool is set on the corner of the ground for sand bathing. There should be sand and soil in the house, and shading nets or shade plants can be planted on the outer shed in the summer. The farm should choose a place with a high topography, plenty of light, a quiet environment and a north-south location. The peacock's diet is omnivorous, artificial breeding is generally based on full-price compound feed, and appropriate feeding green feed.
Second, reproduction and incubation Peacock achieve sexual maturity at 22 months of age, the ratio of species of peacock is generally 1:3, 2 months before the egg production to adjust the population, usually about 10 per house. After the start of production, the feed was gradually changed to egg production, and VB1, VB2, VE and shells, aggregates, choline chloride, and green plants were added, supplemented with light, and added for half an hour each week until the whole day was illuminated for 17 hours. The male peacock had estrus before sunrise and after sunset and circled around the female peacock, frequently opening the screen to show courtship. The peacock produces egg-laying period from mid-March to July each year. The annual egg production is 30-50 eggs. The eggshell is light yellow or white. The egg weight is 120-140 grams. Generally, one egg is produced every other day. Its life span is 20. ~25 years. Eggs should be kept in a ventilated place and kept at a temperature of 10 to 140C. It is best to hatch in one week. Artificially cultivated peacocks do not have self-incubation, and artificial hatching or hatching of chickens should be used. The incubation period is 26 to 27 days. Keep the head up when storing the eggs. The peacock's incubation temperature was slightly higher at the beginning and slightly lower during the later period. The temperature ranged from 38 to 37.20C for 1 to 10 days, 37.2 to 36.80C for 11 to 20 days, and 36.8 to 36.20C for 21 to 27 days. The relative humidity is mainly regulated by the water tray in the incubator, which is generally 60~65%. If the humidity is too high, add less water. If there is not enough humidity, add some warm water. The humidity in the incubator is maintained at 60 to 70%, turning the egg once every 2 to 4 hours, and the angle is 900. Turn the egg to the plate every day. Early embryos should not be too cold, usually 5 to 15 minutes, late to be more cool, according to the temperature of eggs and room temperature to determine the length of cold eggs, can be used "eyelid test temperature method" and pay attention to ventilation. Two eggs were hatched during the hatching process. On the 9th and 24th day after hatching, no zygotes and dead embryos were removed.
Third, feeding and management
1, artificial brooding: young peacock because of its weak and delicate, need to provide suitable environmental conditions and high nutritional needs, while requiring careful management. Thoroughly sterilize cages and equipment before brooding. The newly emerged young peacock should strengthen its insulation, and the temperature can be grasped according to its age and performance. Under normal circumstances, it is generally 10 to 300C at 1 to 10 days, 30 to 260C at 11 to 20 days, 26 to 240C at 21 to 30 days, and 10C per week until 180C to 200C. Generally, the temperature is too low, and the peacock seedlings are piled up close to the heat source. If the temperature is too high, keep away from the heat source and open your mouth to breathe. About one week after de-warming, young peacocks can be allowed to go outdoor activities, more sun, to adapt to the external environment temperature and promote development. The chicks have a breeding density of 30 to 50. After 24 hours of hatching, young peacocks use 0.02% potassium permanganate to drink water, which is beneficial to the discharge of meconium, and then feeding (requiring more than 22.5% of crude protein), requiring the maintenance of materials and water. Under conditional conditions, the peacock within 15 days of age added cooked egg yolk, green feed, mealworm, and additives (such as 14) to the feed. Observe the young peacock's intake, excrement and mental status carefully, and find out if problems are solved in a timely manner. Clean and sterilize the sink, trough, and litter on a regular basis to keep the environment quiet and reduce stress. Since the peacock wing feather grows fast, it can fly after one week and precautions should be taken. During the entire brooding period, regular epidemic prevention should be performed. From 1 to 15 days of age, 3000 units of streptomycin were used to drink water, and after 3 days, 20,000 units of oxytetracycline were used for mixing, and they were used alternately to prevent fleas and coccidiosis. After one week of age, one-hundred thousandth of Trimethoprim was used to prevent blackhead disease, and once every 20 days. 7 to 9 days immunization with Newcastle disease IV line weak seedlings and transmission of H120, 14-day old bursa vaccine, 21-day-old chickenpox vaccine, and 35-day-old throat vaccine (depending on local conditions)
2. Management during the breeding period: The breeding period is the main period of growth and development. The feed must be stable and cannot be arbitrarily changed so that it can develop a certain pattern of life. Feeding in rowhouses, and feeding some fresh and juicy green feed properly, this feed contains pellets (such as corn and wheat), mixes (such as protein feed and bone meal, calcium powder, trace elements, and various vitamins), and green feed. Three parts. Adult peacock moults from August to November each year, and most feathers change in October. The male bird's tail screen is different depending on the age and constitution. During the breeding season, the male peacock opens 4 or 5 times a day for 10 minutes each time. Female and young birds can also make similar gestures, but they do not have a tail screen.
Fourth, disease prevention Peacock diseases are rare, but if the group breeding or poor management can also cause poultry disease, therefore, usually because of the same poultry, in order to inoculate a variety of vaccines, to avoid contact with sick poultry, to prevent the spread of bacteria , Its susceptible diseases and prevention methods are as follows:
1. Blackhead disease: It is caused by tissue trichomoniasis caused by cecal cecum and liver. The symptoms are mental fatigue, loss of appetite, diarrhoea, and lying in the back.
Prevention: Concomitant administration of levamisole or two-tenths of a bittersalerin mixture at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight for 5 days.
Treatment: 0.04% furazolidone or 0.1% sulfadiazine may be added to the diet; oral vertrozole may be given, adult peacock may be used as 0.4 g/time, young peacock may be used as 0.2 g/time, once a day for 5 to 7 days.
2, coccidiosis: a common parasitic protozoal disease, mainly against young peacocks. Symptoms are mental depression, reduced food and drinking, feathers hanging wings, fear of cold piled up, eyes closed dumbfounded, some have difficulty breathing; diarrhea, row of brown odor odor faeces, blood see between.
Prevention: (1) 5,000 units of penicillin drinking water or 4 parts per million of terramycin in seedlings; adult birds with penicillin for 3 to 5 days or 100,000 to 150,000 units/mixed drink, 1 2 times a day for 3 to 5 days. (2) Furazolidone powder, with 0.02% furazolidinone as the prevention, treatment can be used 0.04% spices, and even served 5 to 7 days, should pay attention to uniform spices, to prevent drug poisoning. (3) Chlorophthalocyanine mix, to prevent 2 pills per catty.
3, White Pelican: An infectious disease caused by Salmonella, mostly in young birds. Symptoms are cold, reduced food, hairy pine squatting, white sticky paste, contaminated perianal feathers, and sometimes the anus is blocked by feces.
Prevention: After hatching, use 2000~4000 units of penicillin and streptomycin to drink water and drink for 3 days. Treatment: Feed with 0.03% furazolidone, for 3 days, stop for 2 days; or use 40% of terramycin for drinking, 5-7 days as a course of treatment.
4. Body surface parasites: The more common ones are: (1) Earthworms: They can eat feathers and stimulate the birds. They can cause severe loss of appetite, weight loss, and loss of feathers. (2) Feather mites, parasites in the quill of feathers on the surface of the body, suck the nutrients in the tube, thus affecting the normal growth of feathers, and visible skin damage and itching.
Treatment: (1) Spray with 0.005% to 0.01% deltamethrin solution. (2) Spray with 1.25% malathion solution or make 4% dusting.
First, living habits Peacock blue peacocks, green peacocks, white peacock three. Blue peacocks were imported from India. They have long domestication time, high egg production rate and are easy to be bred on a large scale. White peacock blue peacock variants have been selected. Green peacocks are mainly produced in China and are rare because of their scarcity. The male of the peacock is about 2.2 meters long. Its feathers are colorful. The crown feathers of the head gather to form a pimple or fan-shaped screen. The last cover feather lengthens the tail screen. The tail screen is about 1.5 meters long, colorful and gorgeous when opening the screen. The peacocks are clever, bold, fearless, and good at flying without good flying, and prefer to perch on their habitat and stay out. Even in the cold rain and snow and winter nights, see the peacocks do not enter the house and spend the night on the perch. Therefore, when building the peacock shed, it is necessary to pay attention to the area of ​​the stadium outside, and the combination of the inner shed and the outer shed is better. The outer shed is larger than the inner shed. Times, the height of the shed is more than 3 meters. The surrounding and top are surrounded by galvanized wire mesh or nylon mesh. The mesh is 22.5cm. 1.5~2m away from the ground, bamboo and timber are used as a perch to facilitate the peacock on the shelf, and a sand pool is set on the corner of the ground for sand bathing. There should be sand and soil in the house, and shading nets or shade plants can be planted on the outer shed in the summer. The farm should choose a place with a high topography, plenty of light, a quiet environment and a north-south location. The peacock's diet is omnivorous, artificial breeding is generally based on full-price compound feed, and appropriate feeding green feed.
Second, reproduction and incubation Peacock achieve sexual maturity at 22 months of age, the ratio of species of peacock is generally 1:3, 2 months before the egg production to adjust the population, usually about 10 per house. After the start of production, the feed was gradually changed to egg production, and VB1, VB2, VE and shells, aggregates, choline chloride, and green plants were added, supplemented with light, and added for half an hour each week until the whole day was illuminated for 17 hours. The male peacock had estrus before sunrise and after sunset and circled around the female peacock, frequently opening the screen to show courtship. The peacock produces egg-laying period from mid-March to July each year. The annual egg production is 30-50 eggs. The eggshell is light yellow or white. The egg weight is 120-140 grams. Generally, one egg is produced every other day. Its life span is 20. ~25 years. Eggs should be kept in a ventilated place and kept at a temperature of 10 to 140C. It is best to hatch in one week. Artificially cultivated peacocks do not have self-incubation, and artificial hatching or hatching of chickens should be used. The incubation period is 26 to 27 days. Keep the head up when storing the eggs. The peacock's incubation temperature was slightly higher at the beginning and slightly lower during the later period. The temperature ranged from 38 to 37.20C for 1 to 10 days, 37.2 to 36.80C for 11 to 20 days, and 36.8 to 36.20C for 21 to 27 days. The relative humidity is mainly regulated by the water tray in the incubator, which is generally 60~65%. If the humidity is too high, add less water. If there is not enough humidity, add some warm water. The humidity in the incubator is maintained at 60 to 70%, turning the egg once every 2 to 4 hours, and the angle is 900. Turn the egg to the plate every day. Early embryos should not be too cold, usually 5 to 15 minutes, late to be more cool, according to the temperature of eggs and room temperature to determine the length of cold eggs, can be used "eyelid test temperature method" and pay attention to ventilation. Two eggs were hatched during the hatching process. On the 9th and 24th day after hatching, no zygotes and dead embryos were removed.
Third, feeding and management
1, artificial brooding: young peacock because of its weak and delicate, need to provide suitable environmental conditions and high nutritional needs, while requiring careful management. Thoroughly sterilize cages and equipment before brooding. The newly emerged young peacock should strengthen its insulation, and the temperature can be grasped according to its age and performance. Under normal circumstances, it is generally 10 to 300C at 1 to 10 days, 30 to 260C at 11 to 20 days, 26 to 240C at 21 to 30 days, and 10C per week until 180C to 200C. Generally, the temperature is too low, and the peacock seedlings are piled up close to the heat source. If the temperature is too high, keep away from the heat source and open your mouth to breathe. About one week after de-warming, young peacocks can be allowed to go outdoor activities, more sun, to adapt to the external environment temperature and promote development. The chicks have a breeding density of 30 to 50. After 24 hours of hatching, young peacocks use 0.02% potassium permanganate to drink water, which is beneficial to the discharge of meconium, and then feeding (requiring more than 22.5% of crude protein), requiring the maintenance of materials and water. Under conditional conditions, the peacock within 15 days of age added cooked egg yolk, green feed, mealworm, and additives (such as 14) to the feed. Observe the young peacock's intake, excrement and mental status carefully, and find out if problems are solved in a timely manner. Clean and sterilize the sink, trough, and litter on a regular basis to keep the environment quiet and reduce stress. Since the peacock wing feather grows fast, it can fly after one week and precautions should be taken. During the entire brooding period, regular epidemic prevention should be performed. From 1 to 15 days of age, 3000 units of streptomycin were used to drink water, and after 3 days, 20,000 units of oxytetracycline were used for mixing, and they were used alternately to prevent fleas and coccidiosis. After one week of age, one-hundred thousandth of Trimethoprim was used to prevent blackhead disease, and once every 20 days. 7 to 9 days immunization with Newcastle disease IV line weak seedlings and transmission of H120, 14-day old bursa vaccine, 21-day-old chickenpox vaccine, and 35-day-old throat vaccine (depending on local conditions)
2. Management during the breeding period: The breeding period is the main period of growth and development. The feed must be stable and cannot be arbitrarily changed so that it can develop a certain pattern of life. Feeding in rowhouses, and feeding some fresh and juicy green feed properly, this feed contains pellets (such as corn and wheat), mixes (such as protein feed and bone meal, calcium powder, trace elements, and various vitamins), and green feed. Three parts. Adult peacock moults from August to November each year, and most feathers change in October. The male bird's tail screen is different depending on the age and constitution. During the breeding season, the male peacock opens 4 or 5 times a day for 10 minutes each time. Female and young birds can also make similar gestures, but they do not have a tail screen.
Fourth, disease prevention Peacock diseases are rare, but if the group breeding or poor management can also cause poultry disease, therefore, usually because of the same poultry, in order to inoculate a variety of vaccines, to avoid contact with sick poultry, to prevent the spread of bacteria , Its susceptible diseases and prevention methods are as follows:
1. Blackhead disease: It is caused by tissue trichomoniasis caused by cecal cecum and liver. The symptoms are mental fatigue, loss of appetite, diarrhoea, and lying in the back.
Prevention: Concomitant administration of levamisole or two-tenths of a bittersalerin mixture at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight for 5 days.
Treatment: 0.04% furazolidone or 0.1% sulfadiazine may be added to the diet; oral vertrozole may be given, adult peacock may be used as 0.4 g/time, young peacock may be used as 0.2 g/time, once a day for 5 to 7 days.
2, coccidiosis: a common parasitic protozoal disease, mainly against young peacocks. Symptoms are mental depression, reduced food and drinking, feathers hanging wings, fear of cold piled up, eyes closed dumbfounded, some have difficulty breathing; diarrhea, row of brown odor odor faeces, blood see between.
Prevention: (1) 5,000 units of penicillin drinking water or 4 parts per million of terramycin in seedlings; adult birds with penicillin for 3 to 5 days or 100,000 to 150,000 units/mixed drink, 1 2 times a day for 3 to 5 days. (2) Furazolidone powder, with 0.02% furazolidinone as the prevention, treatment can be used 0.04% spices, and even served 5 to 7 days, should pay attention to uniform spices, to prevent drug poisoning. (3) Chlorophthalocyanine mix, to prevent 2 pills per catty.
3, White Pelican: An infectious disease caused by Salmonella, mostly in young birds. Symptoms are cold, reduced food, hairy pine squatting, white sticky paste, contaminated perianal feathers, and sometimes the anus is blocked by feces.
Prevention: After hatching, use 2000~4000 units of penicillin and streptomycin to drink water and drink for 3 days. Treatment: Feed with 0.03% furazolidone, for 3 days, stop for 2 days; or use 40% of terramycin for drinking, 5-7 days as a course of treatment.
4. Body surface parasites: The more common ones are: (1) Earthworms: They can eat feathers and stimulate the birds. They can cause severe loss of appetite, weight loss, and loss of feathers. (2) Feather mites, parasites in the quill of feathers on the surface of the body, suck the nutrients in the tube, thus affecting the normal growth of feathers, and visible skin damage and itching.
Treatment: (1) Spray with 0.005% to 0.01% deltamethrin solution. (2) Spray with 1.25% malathion solution or make 4% dusting.
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