How to manage apple trees in winter

The core work of apple tree winter management is plastic pruning. The main function of plastic pruning is to balance the tree vigor, produce high yields, stabilize production, and avoid years of age. The principle of shaping and pruning is: Because the tree is trimmed, it is shaped with the branches, it is strong and weak, and it is balanced. It is simple and natural, and it is low-cost and high-efficiency. Pruning a look at site conditions. Site conditions are good, strong growth potential, should adopt the crown, sparse planting, high stem, slow cutting and pruning. Poor site conditions, plant growth is slow, it is appropriate to use a small crown, dense planting, increase the population density to achieve the purpose of early fruit high yield. Second, look at the variety characteristics. Different varieties have different growth habits, such as germination rate, branching force, branch angle, polarity, degree of difficulty in flower formation, and different pruning methods should be adopted during pruning. Three see planting density. Close planting gardens should be cut and put slowly, and dilute plant gardens should promote branching, occupy space as early as possible, and increase the area of ​​effective results. Look at the age of four. Sapling growth is strong, it is advisable to use pruning methods such as pulling open angles, slow release, etc., so that the vegetative growth can be transformed into reproductive growth, and more flowers and more results. For large trees, trees that grow weakly should be pruned with proper tree cutting and retraction to increase the tree potential. Five to see the amount of flowers and flowers. For trees with a large number of branches and a large amount of flowers, sparse cutting should be used to remove the excess branches, remove thin and weak branches, improve lighting conditions, conserve nutrients, and increase tree vigor. Six look pruning reaction. It is mainly to look at the partial and overall response of trimming in the previous year of the tree, which is beneficial to the balance of the tree potential and the growth results. At present, the high-yielding trees of the Red Fuji apples are trunk-shaped, spindle-shaped, modified spindle-shaped, and happy-shape.

The pruning of young Fuji apple trees should adopt the approach of “drying for one year, heavy cutting for two years, three-year branching, four-year fruiting and fruiting, and five-year high yielding” to promote the post-control and promote the early formation of seedlings and early fruiting. In the early fruit period of Red Fuji apple, the vegetative growth is still dominant, and the pruning response is sensitive. The tree structure should be adjusted to distinguish the main and auxiliary relationship, and to cultivate loose, drooping, and slender fruiting branches, and to plant more than 55 planting plants per mu. The permanent strain will continue to select the good branch, and the temporary strain will control the length and promote the flower to complete the early high-yield task. We must prevent the emergence of strong and weak phenomena. The objective and task of tree pruning in the fruit-filling period of Red Fuji apples is to maintain a strong tree vigor, high quality and high yield. In pruning, do the following:

1, adjust the amount of branches, improve ventilation and light conditions. Gradually remove large secondary support branches and upper branches of the main branches, remove excessively low main branches and intermediate main branches at different ages, and increase the distance between layers. At the same time, we must be happy to drop our heads and control the tree height at about 3.5 meters. Within two to three years, the number of main branches should be controlled within 10, and the amount of mu branches should be controlled between 60,000-80,000.

2. Take summer scissors as the most important, and reasonably match all kinds of result sticks. In addition to cutting branches and branches in winter, the budding and sprouting branches in spring are used, the buds in dense areas are removed, the buds and shoots are adjusted in summer, the angles and angles in the shoots are adjusted in summer, and the large, medium and small results of loose and drooping are cultivated in autumn. Branches, large branch group spacing 60 cm one, medium-sized result branch group 30 to 50 cm one, small branch 20 cm one.

3, limit production, improve quality, overcome the size of the year. When cutting in winter, according to the condition of the tree, determine the reasonable amount of branching and flower buds. When the flower volume is too large, thin and weak squid branches should be removed, and the long branch of fruit trees should be retracted at the branches to reduce the amount of flowers and leaves and buds. The ratio tends to be reasonable, and strict thinning of fruit and fruit, limiting the amount of tree load, overcoming the size of the year.

4. To maintain the advantage of the backbone branches and the robust results of the branches, to extend the full fruit period. If the extension branch angle is too large or the result is weak, it must be properly retracted to raise the branch so that the rear result branch group is substantial and robust, and the extension branch maintains certain advantages. At the same time, it should be noted that the proportions of "vegetative shoots, squid saplings, and fruiting twigs" are appropriate, and the result is that the twigs are renewed in 3-5 years, so that most of the resulting twigs are in a robust state Http://Content/847c8f71-3cd0-424a-852b-fd0b774709bf?cType=2

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