Watermelon seedling transplanting and planting have many particularities, and many watermelon growers have many misunderstandings in transplanting and planting. When are watermelon seedlings transplanted and planted? do we need to care something?
Watermelon growth characteristics
No matter what kind of watermelon, it is always impossible to break away from the characteristics of the watermelon crop itself.
1. Watermelon likes to be hot in nature and extremely cold-tolerant. It grows slowly when the temperature drops to 15℃, stops growing at 10℃, and suffers cold damage at 5℃;
2. He likes the water, but he is afraid of getting wet, and he will die after being submerged for more than 12 hours;
3. Happy light, very sensitive to insufficient light, manifested as internodes, petioles, leaf body lengthening, leaf color becoming lighter, and susceptible to disease;
4. It is advisable to choose loam or sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile sulfur pine, and good drainage;
5. The soil pH is not strict, and it can grow in the range of pH 5-8.
When are watermelon seedlings transplanted and planted?
Seedlings are generally raised around the Spring Festival and transplanted and planted in March. There are slight differences in different regions. Sturdy seedlings have a direct impact on survival of colonization, flowering and fruit setting, and yield. However, low temperature, rainy and snowy weather, and weak sunlight before and after the Spring Festival are not good for the growth of seedlings.
Take good insulation measures, such as heating by light bulbs or electric heating wires, and covering the arch shed at night to keep the seedbed temperature not lower than 10 ℃; strengthen the humidity control in the shed, uncover the small shed film, and let the nutrient bowl hold 65% of the water Around, the relative humidity of the air in the shed is 50%~60%. When the nutrient bowl is dry, you can use the micro-replenishing energy 1000 times and water it to promote rooting without excessive growth.
The suitable age for normal transplanting of watermelon is the four-leaf stage. Seedlings are small because of small growth, poor adaptability and resistance to the outside world, and slow seedlings. Large seedlings with more than five leaves will cause undesirable results such as wound roots and outer epidermis of stems in the ground and hollowing of the pith. Seedlings can be refined 5-7 days before planting to extend the ventilation time during the day to gradually reduce the temperature of the seedbed, which can promote rooting, enhance the resistance to freezing and disease of the melon seedlings, and increase the survival rate of the melon seedlings after transplanting. One to two days before transplanting, it can be sprayed with 800 times of micro-nutrition power, with fungicides, to prevent leaf rotten, promote strong seedlings, and improve freezing resistance.
Attention should be paid to prevention and treatment of damping-off and wilt on the seedbed. After the emergence of the seedlings, it can be prevented by spraying medicines. It can also be watered with fungicides and a little energy when watering.
Precautions for transplanting watermelon seedlings
Suitable seedling age Seedling age should be 25-30 days, too early or too late is not good.
Properly refine the seedlings before transplanting. In order to make the seedlings cultivated under protected facilities adapt to the environment of the field, the seedlings need to be cooled and water controlled about a week before preparation for planting, that is, the seedlings are refined, and the seedlings promote the watermelon. The tissues of seedlings are aging, which improves adaptability and stress resistance.
Timely planting watermelon seedlings and transplanting should be carried out in the morning on a continuous sunny day, and the ground temperature should be increased as much as possible to promote the rapid growth of new roots and the survival of slow seedlings. If the seedlings are planted in low temperature weather or if continuous low temperature weather is encountered after planting the seedlings, it is easy to cause watermelon root retting or rigid seedling. Generally, it can be planted when the ground temperature of 10 cm reaches above 15 ℃.
The appropriate depth for planting seedlings and melon seedlings should be about 1 cm in the surface of the nutrient soil. The temperature of the soil is too deep and the air permeability is poor, and the water is too shallow. These will affect the root development of the watermelon and cause the watermelon to grow slowly. When the grafted seedlings are planted, the grafting interface should be at least 1~2 cm above the ground. If the planting is too deep, the hypocotyl part of the watermelon (scion) will contact the soil and produce self-rooting, which makes the grafting meaningless.
To prevent pests and diseases, water thoroughly once a day before planting seedlings to prevent the watermelon seedlings from being killed by the scattering of nutrient soil blocks when planting seedlings. At the same time, the seedbed was sprayed with 800 times liquid of 79% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and 40% dimethoate EC mixture once to prevent pests and diseases and avoid the trouble of spraying after transplanting in the field.
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