In order to facilitate, save labor, and increase efficacy, many farmers’ friends often use pesticides together in the process of controlling crop pests and weeds. However, blindly mixing, misusing, and abusing pesticides will not only fail to achieve the desired results, but also make it easy to produce crop damage, increase the cost of medication, and cause human and animal casualties. Therefore, the following six principles, six taboos, and six items must be kept in mind when mixing pesticides:
Six principles
First, we must maintain the chemical stability of each active ingredient. Mixed pesticides should generally not allow chemical changes in their active ingredients. One is that pesticides that have chemical reactions after mixing result in phytotoxicity of the crops cannot be mixed: if Bordeaux mixture and lime sulfur cannot be mixed together. The lime sulfur mixture and rosin mixture, organic mercury pesticides, heavy metal pesticides, etc. cannot be mixed. Second, the acid-alkaline pesticides can not be mixed: commonly used pesticides are generally divided into acidic, alkaline and neutral 3 categories, acid and alkaline pesticides can not be mixed. Third, pesticides with structures such as esters and amides should not be mixed with alkaline pesticides to avoid hydrolysis of lipids or amides. Fourth, some sulphur-containing bactericides such as zesin-zinc, thiram, etc. should not be mixed with insecticides trichlorfon and monocrotophos. Fifth, some ionic pesticides, especially herbicides such as wild peony, 2 methyl 4-chloroamine salt, glyphosate, etc. may also react when used in combination to reduce the efficacy.
Second, can not destroy the pharmacological properties of pharmaceuticals. The use of two types of emulsifiable concentrates still requires good emulsifying, dispersing, and moisturizing properties. When two kinds of wettable powders are mixed, they are required to have good suspension rate, wettability, and exhibition performance. This is not only a condition for exerting efficacy, but it can also prevent failure due to changes in physical properties, reduction of efficacy, or occurrence of phytotoxicity.
Third, it must be ensured that there will be no side effects such as phytotoxicity after mixing. For example, organophosphorus insecticides cannot be used in combination with propellants, which can cause phytotoxicity to rice.
Fourth, to ensure the safety after mixing. After pesticides are mixed, it is necessary to ensure that they do not increase toxins and that they are absolutely safe for humans and animals.
Fifth, the mixing of pesticides should be reasonable. First, the mix between varieties should be reasonable. Such as control of soybean field grass weeds, single use to catch net, cover grass can be controlled. If the two are mixed together, although it is feasible from the stability of medicaments, it can neither increase efficiency nor expand the scope of control, and there is no need to mix them. The second is that the cost should be reasonable. Mixed use is generally less costly than single use. For example, the more expensive new systemic fungicide is used in combination with the less expensive protective agent species, and the more expensive chrysanthemum pesticides are mixed with organophosphorus insecticides.
Six, to clear the scope of use of mixed drugs. It should be clear that there is a difference between the scope of use of mixed pesticides and the range of single-agent use of various active ingredients. Read the instructions carefully before mixing the pesticides, and do the miscibility test before mixing. Mixed pesticide species require different modes of action and concurrent treatment of different control objects, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding the scope of control and enhancing the control effect after pesticides are mixed. After the mixture is used, the pesticide residue of the agricultural and sideline products should also be lower than that of the single agent. At the same time, pesticides should also be mixed to achieve the purpose of reducing the cost of use. Mixed compound pesticides have their own characteristics in terms of scope of use and effect, so that the compounding will make sense.
Six items of attention
First, read the instructions carefully before mixing pesticides. It should be done according to the requirements in the product instruction manual.
Second, mixed pesticides should not be too much. Generally no more than 3 types of cultivars should be used. Otherwise, the possibility of interaction between them will increase greatly, and the risk of failure or phytotoxicity will increase.
Third, pesticides should be used as soon as possible after mixing. Mixed pesticides should be used as they are and should be used within a short period of time. Do not store for too long.
Fourth, spraying should be even and thoughtful. Most insecticides and bactericides are systemically absorbed to conduct mainly to the upper part of the plant, with little downward conduction. Therefore, the spray must be evenly and thoroughly sprayed.
Fifth, adhere to the rotation of medication. Rotating medications can delay the development of pest resistance. For this reason, when using pesticides, it is necessary to rotate and use different types of pesticides to delay drug resistance and increase the service life of pesticides.
Six, pay attention to timely medication. Diseases, insects, and weeds at different stages of development have different resistance to pesticides. The timely use of drugs can achieve the effect of "half the drug". In the prevention and treatment of diseases, it is necessary to use drugs when the pathogenic bacteria germinate and when the resistance of the pathogen spores is weakened. In the prevention of insect pests, the use of drugs before the 3rd instar is advocated, because the 3rd instar larvae have poor anti-drug efficacy. When controlling weeds, the effect is ideal when the weed sprouts and the primary stage are more sensitive to the drug. Therefore, in the use of pesticides according to the disease, insects, grass conditions and the number of natural enemies survey and forecast, timely medication control.
Six taboos
First, avoid using well water, sewage dispensing. Well water contains more calcium, magnesium and other minerals, and the chemical liquid is prone to chemical reaction to produce precipitates, thereby reducing the efficacy. The sewage contains a lot of impurities, and it will clog the nozzle when spraying, and it will also destroy the stability of the liquid and reduce the efficacy.
Second, avoid the use of drugs in stormy days and high temperatures. Spraying pesticides when blowing wind will cause pesticides to drift, which may cause unnecessary phytotoxicity and loss. Rainy days, drug liquids are easy to be washed by rain to reduce efficacy, and medications under high temperature are prone to crop injury and poisoning. Therefore, use as much as possible when the weather is fine, no wind or breeze. The best time to use the drug during the day is from 8 a.m. to 11 p.m. and 4 p.m. to 6 p.m.
Third, avoid abuse of pesticides. The pesticide should be used according to the type of crop, the object of control, and the properties of the pesticide, so that the medicine can be used symptomatically. Do not blindly increase the amount of medication, resulting in increased pest resistance, reduce control effectiveness.
Fourth, bogey in flowering, spraying before spraying. Crops are sensitive to chemicals during flowering, and spraying is prone to injury. If pesticides are used before harvesting, the residue produced by pesticides on the crops will cause poisoning after eating. There should be a gap between the crop before harvesting and spraying pesticides, and the length of the interval varies with crops and chemicals.
Fifth, avoid arbitrarily increasing the amount of medication. Random increase in the amount of medication will not only increase the input, but also make crops produce phytotoxicity and increase pesticide residues in agricultural products. The recommended dosage of pesticide labels or instructions is generally determined after trial and error, can not be arbitrarily changed in use, to prevent crop phytotoxicity or affect the control effect.
6. Avoid using expired pesticides. Expired and deteriorating pesticides have reduced or even ineffective pesticides. After they are used, they can not only exterminate pests and diseases, but also delay the best timing of pest control.
Six principles
First, we must maintain the chemical stability of each active ingredient. Mixed pesticides should generally not allow chemical changes in their active ingredients. One is that pesticides that have chemical reactions after mixing result in phytotoxicity of the crops cannot be mixed: if Bordeaux mixture and lime sulfur cannot be mixed together. The lime sulfur mixture and rosin mixture, organic mercury pesticides, heavy metal pesticides, etc. cannot be mixed. Second, the acid-alkaline pesticides can not be mixed: commonly used pesticides are generally divided into acidic, alkaline and neutral 3 categories, acid and alkaline pesticides can not be mixed. Third, pesticides with structures such as esters and amides should not be mixed with alkaline pesticides to avoid hydrolysis of lipids or amides. Fourth, some sulphur-containing bactericides such as zesin-zinc, thiram, etc. should not be mixed with insecticides trichlorfon and monocrotophos. Fifth, some ionic pesticides, especially herbicides such as wild peony, 2 methyl 4-chloroamine salt, glyphosate, etc. may also react when used in combination to reduce the efficacy.
Second, can not destroy the pharmacological properties of pharmaceuticals. The use of two types of emulsifiable concentrates still requires good emulsifying, dispersing, and moisturizing properties. When two kinds of wettable powders are mixed, they are required to have good suspension rate, wettability, and exhibition performance. This is not only a condition for exerting efficacy, but it can also prevent failure due to changes in physical properties, reduction of efficacy, or occurrence of phytotoxicity.
Third, it must be ensured that there will be no side effects such as phytotoxicity after mixing. For example, organophosphorus insecticides cannot be used in combination with propellants, which can cause phytotoxicity to rice.
Fourth, to ensure the safety after mixing. After pesticides are mixed, it is necessary to ensure that they do not increase toxins and that they are absolutely safe for humans and animals.
Fifth, the mixing of pesticides should be reasonable. First, the mix between varieties should be reasonable. Such as control of soybean field grass weeds, single use to catch net, cover grass can be controlled. If the two are mixed together, although it is feasible from the stability of medicaments, it can neither increase efficiency nor expand the scope of control, and there is no need to mix them. The second is that the cost should be reasonable. Mixed use is generally less costly than single use. For example, the more expensive new systemic fungicide is used in combination with the less expensive protective agent species, and the more expensive chrysanthemum pesticides are mixed with organophosphorus insecticides.
Six, to clear the scope of use of mixed drugs. It should be clear that there is a difference between the scope of use of mixed pesticides and the range of single-agent use of various active ingredients. Read the instructions carefully before mixing the pesticides, and do the miscibility test before mixing. Mixed pesticide species require different modes of action and concurrent treatment of different control objects, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding the scope of control and enhancing the control effect after pesticides are mixed. After the mixture is used, the pesticide residue of the agricultural and sideline products should also be lower than that of the single agent. At the same time, pesticides should also be mixed to achieve the purpose of reducing the cost of use. Mixed compound pesticides have their own characteristics in terms of scope of use and effect, so that the compounding will make sense.
Six items of attention
First, read the instructions carefully before mixing pesticides. It should be done according to the requirements in the product instruction manual.
Second, mixed pesticides should not be too much. Generally no more than 3 types of cultivars should be used. Otherwise, the possibility of interaction between them will increase greatly, and the risk of failure or phytotoxicity will increase.
Third, pesticides should be used as soon as possible after mixing. Mixed pesticides should be used as they are and should be used within a short period of time. Do not store for too long.
Fourth, spraying should be even and thoughtful. Most insecticides and bactericides are systemically absorbed to conduct mainly to the upper part of the plant, with little downward conduction. Therefore, the spray must be evenly and thoroughly sprayed.
Fifth, adhere to the rotation of medication. Rotating medications can delay the development of pest resistance. For this reason, when using pesticides, it is necessary to rotate and use different types of pesticides to delay drug resistance and increase the service life of pesticides.
Six, pay attention to timely medication. Diseases, insects, and weeds at different stages of development have different resistance to pesticides. The timely use of drugs can achieve the effect of "half the drug". In the prevention and treatment of diseases, it is necessary to use drugs when the pathogenic bacteria germinate and when the resistance of the pathogen spores is weakened. In the prevention of insect pests, the use of drugs before the 3rd instar is advocated, because the 3rd instar larvae have poor anti-drug efficacy. When controlling weeds, the effect is ideal when the weed sprouts and the primary stage are more sensitive to the drug. Therefore, in the use of pesticides according to the disease, insects, grass conditions and the number of natural enemies survey and forecast, timely medication control.
Six taboos
First, avoid using well water, sewage dispensing. Well water contains more calcium, magnesium and other minerals, and the chemical liquid is prone to chemical reaction to produce precipitates, thereby reducing the efficacy. The sewage contains a lot of impurities, and it will clog the nozzle when spraying, and it will also destroy the stability of the liquid and reduce the efficacy.
Second, avoid the use of drugs in stormy days and high temperatures. Spraying pesticides when blowing wind will cause pesticides to drift, which may cause unnecessary phytotoxicity and loss. Rainy days, drug liquids are easy to be washed by rain to reduce efficacy, and medications under high temperature are prone to crop injury and poisoning. Therefore, use as much as possible when the weather is fine, no wind or breeze. The best time to use the drug during the day is from 8 a.m. to 11 p.m. and 4 p.m. to 6 p.m.
Third, avoid abuse of pesticides. The pesticide should be used according to the type of crop, the object of control, and the properties of the pesticide, so that the medicine can be used symptomatically. Do not blindly increase the amount of medication, resulting in increased pest resistance, reduce control effectiveness.
Fourth, bogey in flowering, spraying before spraying. Crops are sensitive to chemicals during flowering, and spraying is prone to injury. If pesticides are used before harvesting, the residue produced by pesticides on the crops will cause poisoning after eating. There should be a gap between the crop before harvesting and spraying pesticides, and the length of the interval varies with crops and chemicals.
Fifth, avoid arbitrarily increasing the amount of medication. Random increase in the amount of medication will not only increase the input, but also make crops produce phytotoxicity and increase pesticide residues in agricultural products. The recommended dosage of pesticide labels or instructions is generally determined after trial and error, can not be arbitrarily changed in use, to prevent crop phytotoxicity or affect the control effect.
6. Avoid using expired pesticides. Expired and deteriorating pesticides have reduced or even ineffective pesticides. After they are used, they can not only exterminate pests and diseases, but also delay the best timing of pest control.
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