What are the common pests and diseases of big fruit hybrid lice? How to prevent it? Today, we mainly talk about the occurrence of major insect pests and their key control techniques for large-sized hybrid scorpions, taking the western Liaoning region as an example.
1 Overview of the test area
The test area is located in the Fengjiagou watershed of Xiaozhangzi Village, Twenty Jiazi Town, south of Chaoyang County, Liaoning Province. The area is low hilly landform, gentle slope, and the slope is southeast. The middle and lower part of the slope. The test area is 1000 m2.
2 The law of the occurrence of 榆紫å¶ç”²
2.1 Morphological characteristics of Aster
榆紫å¶ç”² is a coleoptera. Mainly distributed in the northern provinces of China. It mainly feeds on eucalyptus and hedgehog, the tender buds and young leaves of Vitex negundo. Because of the spring germination of large fruit hybrid scorpions, it is easy to be harmed. The newly planted garden is particularly serious and has suffered for years.
Adult: The body length is about 1.0cm. Oval, the back is arched and the ventral surface is flat. The front chest plate and the coleoptera have purple and gold-green stripes and a metallic luster. The female is larger and the end of the abdomen is obtuse. The male is smaller than the female, and the end of the abdomen is wavy.
Larva: The body length is about 1.0cm. Long wedge-shaped, white. The head is brown, with 4 black dots on the top of the head, a light gray on the back midline, and a reddish vertical band on the bottom. The body is densely covered with granules of black hair.
Egg: long oval, about 2mm long, mostly brownish brown, the egg on the back surface is nearly black.
蛹: The body length is about 1cm. Milky yellow, slightly flattened, the body color of the near-round feathers gradually deepens, and the back is slightly grayish black.
2.2 The life history and habit characteristics of the purple beetle
One generation occurs in one year, and the adult worms overwinter in the soil gap of about 1 m in the tree tray and about 10 to 15 cm deep. In the second year of mid-April in the second year of the second year, adults were unearthed. Mainly in the first half of the night after the sunset, crawling along the trunk to feed on the new shoots. After being frightened, he will die, not move or fall to the ground. Adults have weaker flight forces. After the supplement at night, the nutrition is finished. The eggs are produced on the sunny side of the branches, arranged in a string; they are produced in blocks between the veins. The egg period is 3 to 11 days. The temperature is high and hatching is faster. The larvae were peeled 3 times. The larval stage is about 50d. The old matured pupa in the soil of the tree plate, and the new adult is metamorphosed after about 15 days. Once again, the buds and young leaves are supplemented with nutrients, mainly in the evening. On the day of the tree, Xia Mian sleeps for about 20 days under the stones and clods under the trees. The tree is also mainly used for feeding buds and leaves to supplement nutrition at night. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, the adults under the tree drilled into the soil and overwintered.
3 occurrence characteristics
In the management of the park in the past five years, it has been found that the purple scutellariae invade the big fruit hybrid scorpion every year. In the germination stage of the large fruit hybrid scorpion, the buds were eaten at night, causing the loss of the main branch of the target and failure of plastic surgery. The leaf larvae in May is the second hazard peak. There are eucalyptus trees on the edge of the forest, and the growth of the hedgehog is more harmful when accompanied by spring drought. The upper abdomen on the slope is less harmful than the lower abdomen
4.1 felling forest edge eucalyptus, locust tree
Combine with the felling of the threatened trees, deal with the eucalyptus and hedgehog within the range of 3~4m around the newly-built Daguo Garden, reduce the source of insects, improve the light conditions at the edge of the park, and promote the robust growth of the plants. In the first ten days of April, the litter of the trees was removed and landfilled. A 0.12% aqueous solution of phoxim was sprayed on the new soil to kill the adult. Prevent the roots from sprouting, and spray glyphosate once at about 20cm. When the germination grows to about 20cm, spray glyphosate once more. In the second year, you can control Meng Meng.
4.2 Colonization of the current use of smoke agents
In April, after the spring planting, it is the tree-bearing period of the adult. Taking advantage of the climatic characteristics of rapid warming in the spring and large temperature difference between day and night, it is a good time to control the smoke in the evening. Method for determining the key timing of smoke prevention: During the daytime, the wind is below 2, and 2 to 3 piles of haystack are placed at the main topography of the test ground. It is a good time to ignite the smoke piles after the sunset and smog the land slowly. Use 6HYB -25B (W) backpack-type fog machine to control smoke. Use pollution-free chemicals: a vitamin salt high-chlorine emulsifiable concentrate, diesel. The mixture was prepared at 1:10. The smog is used to maintain the ground tree height of about 80cm, about 20min. It is best to continue the smog to the ground with hedgehogs and eucalyptus trees. Cast once every 1h. After the prevention of the effect of the prevention, the mortality rate does not reach 60%, it is necessary to interval 2 to 3 days in accordance with the weather, the basic control of axillary buds.
Be careful not to have people staying in the valley to prevent accidental injury. In the morning, the use of suspended animation, spraying phoxim 0.1% water under the tree once, completely kill the adult. Can effectively reduce the density of wormholes.
In June, the larval worm density was investigated. If the density is higher, the smoke is prevented according to the weather. If the weather is not allowed, the 0.4% aqueous solution of 0.4% of the chlorpyrifos should be mixed with 0.4% of the silicone auxiliaries. It is sprayed with a 0.1% aqueous solution crown of the special type “Tianda-2116†for fruit trees, which not only prevents larvae but also combines foliar fertilizer to promote tree growth.
4.3 early spring film
After the second year of planting, the adult trees were unearthed in the spring of March. Strict pressure, keep no holes. Remove the membrane in the rainy season in July to prevent the accumulation of rainwater. This method makes adults unable to unearth and hunger to die. The film can also control the weeds in the tree tray, protect the sputum, prevent the early spring from squirting, and it is a good measure to get more.
4.4 After 3 years of colonization, the main application of medicine
After planting 3, you don't need to keep the soil for cold and winter, you can apply the medicine ring at 10~15cm on the dry base in late March. The composition of the medicament is: 10 parts of butter, 4 parts of motor oil, and 1.5 parts of pyrethroid agent, which are fully mixed. The width of the medicine ring is about 10cm, and it will be painted again in mid-June. Not only can the adult trees be prevented from hitting the adult. But there are more medicinal workers.
Combined with the drug ring barrier, in the early morning, the physical and mechanical methods were used to crush the adult worms that had not been planted.
4.5 Forestry management technical measures
Summer tree shoveling grass, mechanically destroying old worms in the soil. Combine with the base fertilizer of autumn, deep burying litter and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Early spring irrigation, moderate water volume, promote sprouting, and quickly become branches. Into the autumn to pick the heart and control the amount of irrigation; in the Mid-Autumn Festival, the roots of the top dressing, to promote the fullness of the buds full of branches, to prevent the slight increase, improve the growth and insect resistance. In combination with the development of forestry and poultry compound management, the chickens are raised in the forest, and after the chickens are placed in the morning, the branches are beaten, and the adult feathers are used for a long time to provide opportunities for the chickens to collect. In order to improve the feeding ability of the chickens, they do not feed in the morning and rush to the forest to promote their mites. Be careful with chemical control. Do not let the chicken accidentally injure and eat.
In the branch of the large fruit hybrid scorpion, in the 5th to 6th month, it is wounded by 0.8mm in the lower part of the latent bud (the xylem does not damage the xylem), which promotes the sprouting and branching, and reduces the damage caused by the insect.
The above is the whole content of the main pest control technology of the large fruit hybrid garden in western Liaoning. I hope the above content can help farmers who need it!
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