In 2004, we promoted high-yield cultivation techniques for loofah in Weixin Township, Pingyang County. In the 5 mu (1 mu = 677 square meters, the same below) demonstration field, we achieved high yields of nearly 5,000 kilograms per acre. The practical experience of cultivation is as follows.
1. Planting method Loofah is planted in strips and a 60-cm wide melon ridge is built every 3 meters in width in the planting field. This is the basic line, and in the middle of the remaining open space of 2.4 meters, a 60-yard plant is also built. A centimeter wide melon ridge, this is an encrypted line. In the basic row and the encrypted row, both sides of the melon ridge were planted with 15 lines of loofah and 2 rows of loofah. The basic row and the encrypted line were planted with 2000 lines. The row spacing was 75 cm and 18 cm, and 4000 lines were planted per acre.
2. The pruning scaffolding planting loofah scaffolding uses a combination of a fence and a large flat shed. This is a unique scaffolding method that we have designed ourselves to withstand the impact of strong typhoons without falling down. The method is to piling in the melon field, cement pillars or rough bamboo, fixed with a wire to tighten, to build a large 1.8-meter-high flat, and connected with the big flat adjacent to the Guada. The shed is buckled into 18 cm 25 to 30 cm mesh with wire and straw. Then, one fine bamboo tip is inserted beside each guava ridge on the ridge, and the tip is connected with the shed by a string.
3. The vine leaves are draped in the vines along the thin bamboo shoots in front of the vines. The basic line and the civet method are the same: removing all the side vines, leaving only the main vines and the artificial lashings. The main vine leads along the thin bamboo tip to the shed. According to observations, we grow Zhejiang Anji long loofah varieties, in the thin bamboo shoots under the shed, each piece of melon vines can be about 5-7 pieces of melon.
After the main loofah has climbed onto the shed, the whole line of the basic line and the encrypted line should be treated differently. The basic line should be combined with harvesting and cultivating leaves, and appropriate retention of a part of lateral vines, to the ideal of the main vines to pick the heart, with germinating side vines to replace, so that each vine spread evenly across the shed, their respective Chaozheng Extend the front, do not make it overlap vertically and horizontally on the shed to ensure ventilation of the shed and facilitate cross-pollination, try to make each leaf to the sun, and each loofah hangs vertically. The main vine of the encrypted line extends upwards along the thin bamboo shoots and reaches the shed. It should pick up the main vines at the intersection of the shed and the thin bamboo tip, and wipe the side vines growing from the top of the main vine after topping. Do not let the vines grow. Climb the shed to prevent it from lining up with the basic line. After the end of the shed under the encrypted rows of plants, the main vine was intercepted at the height of 60 cm from the ground while harvesting the loofah at the top of the shed. In general, 3 to 5 loofahs can also be harvested. However, due to canopy closure and other reasons, the melon shape is small, the length is generally not more than 45 centimeters, the weight of single fruit does not exceed 200 grams, but the quality of the melon remains unchanged, which is one of the factors contributing to the increase of yield of the planting loofah.
The purpose of leaf-breaking is to ensure ventilation and light transmission. It should be combined with cultivars and harvesters to promptly drive off dense leaves and old and weak leaves.
4. Topdressing work To meet the needs of a large number of closely planted loofahs, topdressing should implement the principles of “earlyâ€, “diligentâ€, “full†and “plusâ€. 1 Early: Immediately after the loofah colonizes and survives, apply 3,000 kilos of human excrement per acre to the loam, and apply it once again in front of the main vine. 2 Qin: In the entire loofah harvest period should be every 20 days or so, per acre with a diluted manure urine 5000 kg once, after the encrypted line of main vine after a short cut, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced to 3000 kg, until 20 days before the output Stop fertilizing. 3 full: After the vines cover the shed, the manure should be poured in the garden in the middle of the field, and 100 grams of urea should be added to every 50 kilograms of human waste. 4 Plus: Spraying pesticides, spraying foliar fertilizer, foliar treasure, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other foliar fertilizers.
In addition, in case of high temperature and dry weather, we must also water the melon garden sooner or later.
5. Rhizomes are male inflorescences which are infinitely growing racemes of up to 30-50 cm. From their bud initiation, they have an anthesis of 30-50 days, and the number of flowers is 20-35 or more. Female flowers are single flowers, one flower and one fruit. In general, the number of male flowers in each plant is substantially equal to or slightly greater than the number of female flowers, which greatly exceeds the requirement for pollination of female flowers, and flowers are the organs that most consume nutrients in plants. Therefore, we removed 80% of the male inflorescences at budding, leaving 20% ​​male inflorescences to meet the needs of female flower pollination.
The function of the tendrils is to cling, and the manual tying of the vines on the shelves not only replaces the climbing function of the tendrils, but also makes the distribution of the vines on the scaffold more ideal and more uniform. Therefore, we removed most of the tendrils as soon as they appeared.
Experience has shown that loofah adopts a combination of basic lines and encrypted lines to increase density, and in conjunction with appropriate measures, not only yields of more than 5,000 kilograms per mu, but also increases the proportion of early production. Early production can reach 2392 kilograms, accounting for 47.8% of total production. Due to the high price of early melons, the output value accounts for about 70% of the total output value, which significantly improves the planting efficiency.
1. Planting method Loofah is planted in strips and a 60-cm wide melon ridge is built every 3 meters in width in the planting field. This is the basic line, and in the middle of the remaining open space of 2.4 meters, a 60-yard plant is also built. A centimeter wide melon ridge, this is an encrypted line. In the basic row and the encrypted row, both sides of the melon ridge were planted with 15 lines of loofah and 2 rows of loofah. The basic row and the encrypted line were planted with 2000 lines. The row spacing was 75 cm and 18 cm, and 4000 lines were planted per acre.
2. The pruning scaffolding planting loofah scaffolding uses a combination of a fence and a large flat shed. This is a unique scaffolding method that we have designed ourselves to withstand the impact of strong typhoons without falling down. The method is to piling in the melon field, cement pillars or rough bamboo, fixed with a wire to tighten, to build a large 1.8-meter-high flat, and connected with the big flat adjacent to the Guada. The shed is buckled into 18 cm 25 to 30 cm mesh with wire and straw. Then, one fine bamboo tip is inserted beside each guava ridge on the ridge, and the tip is connected with the shed by a string.
3. The vine leaves are draped in the vines along the thin bamboo shoots in front of the vines. The basic line and the civet method are the same: removing all the side vines, leaving only the main vines and the artificial lashings. The main vine leads along the thin bamboo tip to the shed. According to observations, we grow Zhejiang Anji long loofah varieties, in the thin bamboo shoots under the shed, each piece of melon vines can be about 5-7 pieces of melon.
After the main loofah has climbed onto the shed, the whole line of the basic line and the encrypted line should be treated differently. The basic line should be combined with harvesting and cultivating leaves, and appropriate retention of a part of lateral vines, to the ideal of the main vines to pick the heart, with germinating side vines to replace, so that each vine spread evenly across the shed, their respective Chaozheng Extend the front, do not make it overlap vertically and horizontally on the shed to ensure ventilation of the shed and facilitate cross-pollination, try to make each leaf to the sun, and each loofah hangs vertically. The main vine of the encrypted line extends upwards along the thin bamboo shoots and reaches the shed. It should pick up the main vines at the intersection of the shed and the thin bamboo tip, and wipe the side vines growing from the top of the main vine after topping. Do not let the vines grow. Climb the shed to prevent it from lining up with the basic line. After the end of the shed under the encrypted rows of plants, the main vine was intercepted at the height of 60 cm from the ground while harvesting the loofah at the top of the shed. In general, 3 to 5 loofahs can also be harvested. However, due to canopy closure and other reasons, the melon shape is small, the length is generally not more than 45 centimeters, the weight of single fruit does not exceed 200 grams, but the quality of the melon remains unchanged, which is one of the factors contributing to the increase of yield of the planting loofah.
The purpose of leaf-breaking is to ensure ventilation and light transmission. It should be combined with cultivars and harvesters to promptly drive off dense leaves and old and weak leaves.
4. Topdressing work To meet the needs of a large number of closely planted loofahs, topdressing should implement the principles of “earlyâ€, “diligentâ€, “full†and “plusâ€. 1 Early: Immediately after the loofah colonizes and survives, apply 3,000 kilos of human excrement per acre to the loam, and apply it once again in front of the main vine. 2 Qin: In the entire loofah harvest period should be every 20 days or so, per acre with a diluted manure urine 5000 kg once, after the encrypted line of main vine after a short cut, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced to 3000 kg, until 20 days before the output Stop fertilizing. 3 full: After the vines cover the shed, the manure should be poured in the garden in the middle of the field, and 100 grams of urea should be added to every 50 kilograms of human waste. 4 Plus: Spraying pesticides, spraying foliar fertilizer, foliar treasure, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other foliar fertilizers.
In addition, in case of high temperature and dry weather, we must also water the melon garden sooner or later.
5. Rhizomes are male inflorescences which are infinitely growing racemes of up to 30-50 cm. From their bud initiation, they have an anthesis of 30-50 days, and the number of flowers is 20-35 or more. Female flowers are single flowers, one flower and one fruit. In general, the number of male flowers in each plant is substantially equal to or slightly greater than the number of female flowers, which greatly exceeds the requirement for pollination of female flowers, and flowers are the organs that most consume nutrients in plants. Therefore, we removed 80% of the male inflorescences at budding, leaving 20% ​​male inflorescences to meet the needs of female flower pollination.
The function of the tendrils is to cling, and the manual tying of the vines on the shelves not only replaces the climbing function of the tendrils, but also makes the distribution of the vines on the scaffold more ideal and more uniform. Therefore, we removed most of the tendrils as soon as they appeared.
Experience has shown that loofah adopts a combination of basic lines and encrypted lines to increase density, and in conjunction with appropriate measures, not only yields of more than 5,000 kilograms per mu, but also increases the proportion of early production. Early production can reach 2392 kilograms, accounting for 47.8% of total production. Due to the high price of early melons, the output value accounts for about 70% of the total output value, which significantly improves the planting efficiency.
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