There are two types of rapeseed: Brassica napus and Brassica napus. Different types of rapeseed have different proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Generally, the cabbage type is 1:0.42:1.4, the cabbage type is 1:0.44:1.1, and the cabbage type fertilizer is absorbed. Generally more than 30% higher than the cabbage type, the yield is higher than 50%, and the need for potassium in cabbage-type rape is significantly higher than the cabbage type. The absorption of N, P, and K at different growth stages of B. napus had significant differences, accounting for 13.4%, 6.4%, and 12.3% of total absorption from the sowing stage to the seedling stage, respectively, and total absorption from the seedling stage to the bolting stage. 34.4%, 28.0%, and 37.6% of the total, which accounted for 27.2%, 24.8%, and 28.9% of the total absorption from the convulsing stage to the initial stage, and 25.0%, 40.8%, and 21.2% of the total absorption from the initial stage to the mature stage, respectively. %. According to the characteristics of the growth and development of rapeseed and its requirements for fertilizer, the production practice yields 150 kg of rapeseed per mu, which generally requires 500-1000 kg of mu cattle, 40-50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and 15 kg of potassium fertilizer. Kilograms, 25 to 30 kilograms of urea, 0.5 kilograms of boron fertilizer, and 1.0 kilograms of zinc fertilizer. Specific fertilization methods are as follows:
1. Fertilizer seedbed Fertilizer application of fertilizer should first be enough base fertilizer, the specific approach is: each 0.1 acres of seedbed before sowing application of high quality organic fertilizer 200 kg to 300 kg, 2 kg of urea, superphosphate 5 kg, potassium chloride 1 kg, soak the fertilizer and soil (10 cm to 15 cm thick) and sow. Combined with seedlings and Dingmiao, topdressing 1 to 2 times, topdressing mainly human and animal excreta, and pay attention to the combination of fertilizer and water, in order to ensure strong seedling transplanting. Boron fertilizer can be sprayed once before transplanting at a concentration of 0.2%.
2. Application of basal fertilizer The basic principle of basal application is: "The quantity should be sufficient, the variety should be complete, and the time should be appropriate." In the 1st day before transplanting, the basal fertilizer was used for acupuncture, and the average mu was 500kg to 1000kg for pig calf, 40kg to 50kg for calcium magnesium phosphate, 15kg to 20kg for urea, 7kg to 10kg for potash, and 0.5kg for boron. Kilograms and 1.0 kg of zinc fertilizer were mixed and buried.
Before fertilizing, all kinds of fertilizers should be fully mixed. This mixing process is a self-made rapeseed special fertilizer process. The specific approach is: first mix a large number of elemental fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), then add trace element fertilizers (boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer). Urea may react with superphosphate in the process of fertilizer mixing. Therefore, when superphosphate is used as phosphorus fertilizer, superphosphate may be finally mixed in or applied alone. After the fertilizer is mixed, it should be used immediately. After the fertilizer is applied, it is necessary to cover the soil to prevent the loss of nitrogen volatilization.
After the basal fertilization is applied, the rapeseed seedlings can be transplanted. When transplanting, it is not appropriate to directly plant the rapeseed on the fertilizing point. It is forbidden to contact the root system of the rapeseed with fertilizer so as to avoid the high concentration of the fertilizer and to kill the seedlings.
3. Application of top-dressing rapeseed The first top-dressing is carried out about 50 days after transplanting. That is, before the wintering period of rape seedlings, combined with cultivating Mushi urea 4 kg to 6 kg, potassium chloride 4.0 kg to 5.0 kg, can also be Open a small ditch with a depth of 10 cm between the rows, mix and apply the two fertilizers and cover the soil. The second fertilization was applied during the convulsive period after the spring. Mushi urea 4.0 kg to 6.0 kg, potassium chloride 4.0 kg to 5.0 kg. Pay attention to the spread, it is best to choose to sprinkle before the rain.
4. Spray foliar fertilizer in the flowering period, the foliar fertilizer should be sprayed in time to promote the photosynthesis of functional leaves. Can be combined with the fight drugs, spray once a week, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% to 2% of urea solution, a total of 2 times. Basal fertilizers that do not use boron and zinc fertilizers should be sprayed together with foliar fertilizer with 0.2% borax and 0.2% zinc sulfate solution.
1. Fertilizer seedbed Fertilizer application of fertilizer should first be enough base fertilizer, the specific approach is: each 0.1 acres of seedbed before sowing application of high quality organic fertilizer 200 kg to 300 kg, 2 kg of urea, superphosphate 5 kg, potassium chloride 1 kg, soak the fertilizer and soil (10 cm to 15 cm thick) and sow. Combined with seedlings and Dingmiao, topdressing 1 to 2 times, topdressing mainly human and animal excreta, and pay attention to the combination of fertilizer and water, in order to ensure strong seedling transplanting. Boron fertilizer can be sprayed once before transplanting at a concentration of 0.2%.
2. Application of basal fertilizer The basic principle of basal application is: "The quantity should be sufficient, the variety should be complete, and the time should be appropriate." In the 1st day before transplanting, the basal fertilizer was used for acupuncture, and the average mu was 500kg to 1000kg for pig calf, 40kg to 50kg for calcium magnesium phosphate, 15kg to 20kg for urea, 7kg to 10kg for potash, and 0.5kg for boron. Kilograms and 1.0 kg of zinc fertilizer were mixed and buried.
Before fertilizing, all kinds of fertilizers should be fully mixed. This mixing process is a self-made rapeseed special fertilizer process. The specific approach is: first mix a large number of elemental fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), then add trace element fertilizers (boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer). Urea may react with superphosphate in the process of fertilizer mixing. Therefore, when superphosphate is used as phosphorus fertilizer, superphosphate may be finally mixed in or applied alone. After the fertilizer is mixed, it should be used immediately. After the fertilizer is applied, it is necessary to cover the soil to prevent the loss of nitrogen volatilization.
After the basal fertilization is applied, the rapeseed seedlings can be transplanted. When transplanting, it is not appropriate to directly plant the rapeseed on the fertilizing point. It is forbidden to contact the root system of the rapeseed with fertilizer so as to avoid the high concentration of the fertilizer and to kill the seedlings.
3. Application of top-dressing rapeseed The first top-dressing is carried out about 50 days after transplanting. That is, before the wintering period of rape seedlings, combined with cultivating Mushi urea 4 kg to 6 kg, potassium chloride 4.0 kg to 5.0 kg, can also be Open a small ditch with a depth of 10 cm between the rows, mix and apply the two fertilizers and cover the soil. The second fertilization was applied during the convulsive period after the spring. Mushi urea 4.0 kg to 6.0 kg, potassium chloride 4.0 kg to 5.0 kg. Pay attention to the spread, it is best to choose to sprinkle before the rain.
4. Spray foliar fertilizer in the flowering period, the foliar fertilizer should be sprayed in time to promote the photosynthesis of functional leaves. Can be combined with the fight drugs, spray once a week, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% to 2% of urea solution, a total of 2 times. Basal fertilizers that do not use boron and zinc fertilizers should be sprayed together with foliar fertilizer with 0.2% borax and 0.2% zinc sulfate solution.
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