Save fertilizers and pesticides, reduce labor costs, and produce no pollution. The price is more than 80% higher than that of regular tea. Organic tea refers to green foods that are produced without any pollution and are standardized and produced in strict accordance with organic agricultural production systems and production procedures. . No synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, production regulators, and additives are needed in the production process. The fresh leaf raw materials produced are not contaminated by any chemical substances during processing, packaging, storage and transportation. Organic tea is a kind of pollution-free natural green food that meets people's consumer demand and has a large potential market. The product price is 80% higher than ordinary tea, even 3-5 times, and the products sell well in domestic and foreign markets. In addition, the production of organic tea can not only obtain better economic benefits, but also can greatly reduce the pollution caused by fertilizers and pesticides on the soil and the environment. Organic tea garden construction First, the organic tea soil in the garden requires high fertility, deep soil, loose texture, good water and air permeability, and rich nutrition and balance. There must be isolation belts from conventional agriculture. Natural ridges, forests, rivers, lakes, and natural vegetation can be used as natural barriers. It is also possible to artificially grow trees and strictly protect the surrounding original trees. It is necessary to create shelter forests and it is best to keep the tea gardens far away. Deep or semi-deep mountains in cities, factories, and villages. Second, the conversion of conventional tea gardens to organic tea gardens Organic tea gardens can be newly opened or converted from conventional tea gardens. If the quality of conventional tea gardens meets the standards of organic tea gardens, it must go through a conversion period of 2-3 years. Organic Tea Garden Management 1. Artificially shallow ploughing and weeding can loosen the soil, improve the soil, reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, and have anti-drought effects. Tea gardens weeds and tea trees compete for water to compete for space, but also pests inhabit the site must be promptly removed. Organic herb gardens cannot use herbicides, and can only be ploughed and weeded. In combination with organic fertilizers in winter, they can be used for deep plowing. Weeds, green manures, and organic manures are buried in the soil and play an important role in improving soil physical and chemical properties. Second, the inter-row grass cover can inhibit the growth of weeds, reduce the temperature of summer tea gardens, and improve soil temperature in winter and spring tea gardens, providing natural enemy insects hibernation sites. At the same time increasing soil organic matter is conducive to the reproduction of soil microorganisms. Covering can also reduce soil erosion and increase soil water storage capacity. The covering material can be rice straw, mountain grass, wheat straw, and sugar cane leaf, which is no less than 1,000 kilograms per acre per year. It is best performed several times depending on local conditions. III. Rectification of irrigation and drainage systems Organic tea gardens must be constructed with terraces, isolation trenches, intercepting ditch, drainage ditch, and flood control ditch to protect the ladder walls so as to achieve the objective of drainage and irrigation of heavy tea rainstorms and timely discharge of tea gardens and small and medium rainwater from tea gardens. 4. Interplanting green manure with green manure can increase soil organic matter content, increase soil fertility, reduce soil surface humidity, and increase soil and microclimate humidity in tea plants, creating good environmental conditions for organic tea production. In the tea plantation, green manures are usually selected for high leaf sparse varieties such as beech, mung bean, corn and soybeans, and dwarf species with water-retaining effects can also be selected, such as climbing magnolia and thornless mimosa. 5. Feeding clams can devour the dead leaves of tea gardens to turn uncontaminated organic fertilizers into manure, decompose organic matter in the soil, accelerate the release of effective nutrients, increase soil fertility, and increase the amount of alfalfa breeding, which can loosen the soil and increase Soil porosity is conducive to the growth of the tea tree roots. In addition, the dead body rots in the soil after being drowned and is a good organic fertilizer. Feeding methods are: first cultivate insect species in the trampoline, dig a few 3-4 meters long, width 1-1.5 centimeters, deep 30-40 centimeters in the side of the tea plantation, the bottom of the heap about 10 centimeters of fertilizer, put A layer of rotted, rotten leaves, livestock manure, and garbage are laid on top of a layer of 10-15 centimeters of soil and watered daily. After about 15 days, the earthworms were harvested in other loams, placed in a trampoline, and often watered to keep the soil moisture. After a few months, the bed could be bred in plenty, and the tea gardens could be stocked. Tear loose soil in the tea line, stack mature organic fertilizer and soil mix, remove the earthworms from the bed, and sprinkle them into the tea line. Fertilizing organic tea garden 1. Fertilizer selection The organic fertilizers allowed in organic tea gardens include poultry manure, green manure, and cake fertilizer. The selected fertilizers are required to both improve the soil and slowly provide the nutrients needed for tea plants. Organic fertilizers should be mixed with more. Nitrogen-rich substances such as fish meal, blood meal, silkworm cocoons, bean cakes, rapeseed cakes, etc.; microbial fertilizers such as rhizobia, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-bacterial bacteria, and nitrate-based bacterial fertilizers; compound microbial fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers including natural mineral K fertilizer, Mineral P fertilizer and so on. In principle, organic fertilizers are produced in situ and used on the spot, and the sources of fertilizers are widely collected. Green manures are grown and rot is heaped. Second, fertilizer treatment Many organic fertilizers can not be used for contaminated, such as urban garbage, hospital excrement, etc.; Some organic fertilizers such as human and animal excrement, often with various diseases, bacteria, viruses, parasites, some green manure, weeds also have pests. Therefore, the organic fertilizer used in organic tea gardens must be detoxified. Physical methods such as exposure and high temperature treatments can be used, but nutrient losses are high and costs are high. Biological treatment, such as composting and tanning after fermentation, fermentation, ripening or industrialized harmless treatment, has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, and high efficiency. In addition, we must give full play to the advantages of the tea tree's own material circulation, and the foliage will return to the soil. Third, the fertilization method Organic tea garden fertilization principle is: re-basal fertilizer, early fertilizer, timely extra-root fertilizer. Apply basal fertilizer to ensure that tea plants grow their nutrient requirements. Before the spring tea is the peak period of tea tree fertilizer absorption, it is necessary to increase the yield of spring tea and promote the long and productive spring tea. It must be top-dressed early to improve the quality and quality of famous tea. At the same time, we must appropriately deepen and strive to do fertilization with a depth of more than 20 centimeters and cover the soil. It has been found that the tea tree has poor nutrition growth or some symptoms of nutrient deficiency. China Agricultural Network Editor
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