1. Fertilization principle: adopting formula fertilization; increasing application of agricultural fertilizer; stabilizing nitrogen and phosphorus; increasing potassium fertilizer: applying medium and trace element fertilizers due to local conditions.
2, the role of potassium fertilizer: potassium can promote nitrogen metabolism, increase the rate of amino acid conversion to protein, improve the hardness of the grain, baking quality and stability time.
3. Promote autumn fertilization so that the wheat does not denitrify in the later stage. In the autumn, the base fertilizer is applied to the depth of 12cm, and the bottom fertilizer is 1/2 of the total fertilizer. Because the wheat is sown in the top, the soil is relatively shallow, and it is difficult to achieve deep fertilization in spring. Fertilization shallowly not only makes nitrogen volatile, but also reduces fertilizer efficiency, and it is not conducive to the use of nitrogen nutrients in the roots of the lower stage, resulting in late nitrogen removal and reduced grain protein content.
4. Reduce urea and increase ammonium sulfate. The ammonia ion in the ammonium sulfate of the crop is faster than the ammonium ion in the urea, which is beneficial to the preservation of wheat in early spring. The price of ammonium sulphate is lower than that of urea, which replaces some of the urea towns to reduce production costs. The sulfuric acid in the sulfate ion increases the wheat protein content.
5. Apply medium amount of elemental fertilizer to the ground. Sulfur and magnesium fertilizers can effectively increase the protein content of commercial wheat. Sulfur is one of the elements that make up proteins. The lack of sulfur in plants affects the assimilation of proteins. The sulphur-deficient wheat gluten has lower viscosity than the average wheat, the disulfide bond in the flour is reduced, and the gluten quality is deteriorated. Applying 5 kg of ammonium sulfate to the hectare can increase the wheat protein content by 0.4-0.8%. Applying 7.5 kg of magnesium sulfate to the hectare can increase the protein content of wheat by 0.37% to 0.56% and increase the yield by 6.0% to 11.9%.
6. Apply trace element fertilizers to the ground. Boron is essential for the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins. The amount of boron fertilizer applied to the soil with insufficient boron fertilizer can increase the protein content of the grain. Boron-deficient areas and plots, 2 to 3 kg of boron fertilizer applied per mu. For selenium-deficient plots, 1.5 kg of selenium fertilizer per hectare can be used before heading and flowering, and 100 kg of water can be sprayed. Mineral fertilizers such as Maifanshi micro-fertilizer are rich in B, Mo, Zn, Xi, Cu, Mg, Ca and other elements, which can increase the protein content of wheat grain.
7. Apply slow-release urea to make the nitrogen fertilizer move backward. Wheat fertilization is a one-time application, it is difficult to topdress, and it is prone to denitrification in the middle and late stages, which affects the quality of wheat. The application of slow-release urea can increase the protein content of the grain by 10.93%, and optimize the ratio of gluten to gliadin to increase the stabilization time.
8. Spraying nitrogen fertilizer in the three-leaf stage and the flowering stage has certain effects on improving the dough formation time and elongation.
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