In May, the fruit of the peach tree in the greenhouse has been basically harvested. The nutrients produced by leaf photosynthesis are no longer used for fruit growth and consumption, but for flower bud differentiation, thickened branches, mature tissues and accumulation of nutrients. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the management after fruit harvest.
15 days after the timely film removal and timely supplement of fertilizer and fruit harvesting, the fruit farmers should fully open the greenhouse vents during the day to increase the amount of ventilation to reduce the temperature in the shed from the original 15 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ to 10 ℃ ~ 26 ℃, let it Close to the temperature outside the shed. When the average daily temperature outside reaches 15 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, the fruit farmers can peel off the shed film to allow the growth of peach trees from the artificial environment to the natural environment. However, it should be noted that if the film is uncovered too early and too fast, frost damage will occur in the case of late frost; and if the nutrient supply is not timely, it will also cause rotten roots and yellow leaves, affecting the differentiation of flower buds.
In addition, fruit farmers need to supplement fertilizer in time. Because of the long fruit in the early stage of the tree, it consumes a lot of nutrients, which has made the tree in a "hungry state". Therefore, after the fruit is harvested, it should be supplemented in time.
Scientifically pruning for a rainy day. Peaches in greenhouses now adopt new high-density tree shapes such as trunk shape, Y shape, and one-side down. Therefore, the fruit farmers must timely dry them after harvesting. Specific methods include: thinning, retraction, short cut, etc.
Thinning, that is, removing dense branches, thick branches, macro-vegetative branches, sweeping branches, and then-born branches. For the weak branches that were born in the current year, if there is space, you can stay and shrink at the secondary or tertiary branches. Retraction, that is, to re-retract the resulting branches, retract the parts with branches. In addition, for the new shoots over 30 centimeters that are sent out from the trunk, a short cut is required, and only 3 to 5 centimeters can be selected.
The principles of pruning are: to stay strong and stay weak, to stay straight and oblique, and to eliminate the dense branches on the back. Finally, for the trunk shape, leave 15-20 fruit branches per peach tree, and the total fruit branches are generally left 40-60. Under the condition of ensuring ventilation and light transmission, it can also be left as appropriate. The distribution of branches should be thin and dense, short and long, thin and coarse, suitable for sparseness.
Controlling growth and controlling pests and diseases In summer, peach trees grow vigorously under sufficient water and fertilizer conditions. At this time, measures must be taken to control growth and promote flower bud differentiation. Fruit farmers can take measures to shovel the branches to make the branches flat. In addition, after July, no more nitrogen fertilizer will be applied, and the amount of watering will be reduced. At the same time, growth inhibitors, such as PBO 150 times, can be sprayed appropriately.
After pruning the fruit, it is necessary to focus on prevention of perforation and gum disease. Fruit farmers can alternately spray 2 times ningnanmycin 600 times, 20% tebuconazole 1500 times, 70% thiophanate methyl 800 times. To prevent aphids, scale insects, red spiders, leaf moths and other hazards, fruit farmers can spray 70% imidacloprid 4000 times solution, 25% diflubenzuron No. 3 1500 times solution.
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