Citrus, grapefruit canker
Symptoms damage the leaves, branches and fruits. The common point of the symptoms is that each affected part is spotted with uplifted lesions, and the middle part of the plaque is "crater"-like; the difference is that the woody plug lesion penetrates the back of the blade, and the spot is yellowish. There was no or no obvious yellow halo around the fruit shoots.
The pathogen is a kind of bacterium, which is called black-rotted yellow-spot rod-shaped bacterial citrus disease [Xanthomonas campestris pv. Citri(Hasse)Dye=X. Cjtri (Hasse) Dowson].
Characteristics of the disease The pathogenic bacteria are mainly lurking in leaves, branches, and fruit disease tissues through the winter, especially the lesions on the autumn shoots are the main wintering sites, and become the main primary infestation source for disease in the following year. When the temperature and moisture are suitable in late spring, the bacteria overflows from the lesions and spreads through wind and rain, insects, contact with branches and leaves, and agricultural operations. From the stomata, lenticels, and wounds, it invades the Bo? The long-distance transmission is through the seedlings, Scion and fruit transfer.
High temperature and heavy rain, especially in years and seasons where typhoons and heavy rainfall are frequent, are favorable. Under the conditions of moderate temperature (25-30°C), rain and rain are positively correlated with the incidence; partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, leafhopper moth, and summer shoot control are poor. , the autumn shoots are not neat, the orchards of the mixed species are more severe; the seedlings and young trees are more serious than the older trees; the sweet oranges are the most affected, the pomelo and lemon are the second, the citrus is the second, the oranges Compared with disease resistance, kumquat is the most disease-resistant; pathogens only infect young tissues at a certain developmental stage (stoma formed).
Control method?
1. Strict seedling quarantine and cultivation of disease-free seedlings. Seedlings and scions introduced from the field were soaked with 700 units/ml streptomycin + 1% alcohol for 30 - 60 minutes, or leached with 0.1% mercury or 0.3% ferrous sulfate for 10 minutes. The disease-free nursery should be 3 km from the Citrus Garden.
2, combined with pruning in winter and spring, completely clear the garden, then the ground, the tree full spray protection once (30% copper oxychloride or "backing" suspension agent 800 ~ l000 times liquid).
3, do a good grasp of shoot control tip, reduce hair Bo? Young trees through the control of shoots shoots, so that the summer shoots punctuation, in order to facilitate the spraying tip, young trees through the control of summer bud shoot, reduce hair?
4ã€Appropriate fertilization to control shoots with fertilizers; control good insects such as leaf miners and swallowtail insects; grasp the autumn shoots of leafminers during the low-bee period; and create shelter forest around gardens in frequent typhoons, all of which can reduce hair growth.
5, spray protection tip protect fruit. Spray the first drug when the shoot length is 1.5 to 3 centimeters, and spray the second drug when the leaves turn green; adult tree is the main result of the adult fruit tree, and each spray is 10 days, 30 days, and 50 days after the flower is cut. Times. Pharmacy selection "backing" suspension agent l000 ~ l500 times, or 77% to kill, 30% copper oxychloride suspension 800 ~ l000 times, or agricultural streptomycin 400 ~ 800 units / ml +0.1% alcohol, Or Chuanhua-018 wettable powder 600 times, or 50% Garnett wettable powder 800-l000-fold, or 0.5-1:2:100-fold Bordeaux mixture, or 50% Desenonium 500 ~800 times liquid. You can also try 20% Euclote soluble powder 400 ~ 50O times, or 20% quinolone wettable powder l000 ~ l500 times. Note: Even Bordeaux multi-fluid can easily cause rust ticks and other fleas.
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