In winter, the climate is relatively cold, and rain, snow, strong winds and even fog and haze occur. In greenhouses, high humidity, low temperature, and low sunshine are common, which are beneficial to the occurrence of diseases such as gray mold, downy mildew, and damping-in. Diseases such as cold damage and root diseases are also prone to occur, and small pests such as whiteflies, thrips, and roundworms are in slow growth stages.
I. Strengthening field management
1. Decrease the application of fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, biological fertilizers, and decomposed organic fertilizers, in order to help improve the cold resistance of vegetables and reduce the emission of harmful gases.
2. Under the premise of maintaining the indoor temperature, the air is discharged for a short time and the humidity in the booth is eliminated in time, and the electric defogging equipment is installed conditionally.
3. After a long period of sunny days, pay attention to the interval and return at noon to avoid the sudden increase in temperature caused by vegetable dehydration and wilting, found that after the wilting leaves should be covered as soon as possible, until the plant recovers and then gradually exposing.
4. Remove old leaves, diseased leaves and diseased fruits in a timely manner, and do harmless treatment; appropriate thinning and fruit thinning, early harvesting of fruits, in order to protect the roots.
5. Watering should be done with a small amount of water, no watering in rainy days; strengthen the cultivating loose soil, and promote the growth of crop roots.
Second, warming insulation cold damage
1. Make the greenhouse warm and heat storage, add coverings around the shed, add a layer of plastic film above the rake; try to cover the double plastic film, clean the shed film in time, increase the light transmittance, and repair damaged shed film in time. Hanging cotton curtains on the door of the shed, severely blocking gaps in the wall joints, compacting the film lines to compaction, and improving the tightness of the sheds; hanging a silver reflective curtain on the inside of the north side of the shed to enhance the storage temperature of the sheds.
2. Raise the ground temperature, dig the cold ditch on the outside of the south side of the greenhouse, fill in heat-insulating materials such as straw and wheatgrass, cover the ground with a layer of mulch on the high ridge, and add a small shed to raise the ground temperature. Application of organic fertilizer and plant ash, improve soil structure, increase soil heat capacity, strengthen soil heat absorption, and promote ground temperature increase; also can cover the mulch between the crop lines within the shed, shop hay, reduce water evaporation and heat loss.
3. Make up the temperature and heat, there is a greenhouse of heating and lighting equipment, increase the heating and fill light time, no conditions can be in the shed indoor point furnace to increase the temperature inside the shed.
4. Low-temperature exercise. The use of variable temperature management for fruit vegetables during the nursery will strengthen the cold resistance after planting through cold-resistant exercises.
5. Add antifreeze substances. The quick-applied foliar fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and brassinolide can be used to spray the victim's crops, which can alleviate the symptoms of cold damage and enhance the cold resistance of the crop.
Third, scientific use of pesticides
Early prevention and treatment, symptomatic selection of medicines, priority use smoke smoke, heat smoke, room temperature smoke and electric fumigation and other spraying techniques. Accurate dispensing should be done, and the agents should be used interchangeably and strictly adhere to pesticide safety intervals. Small pest control should be combined with swatch monitoring and killing to reduce the number of small pests in winter in greenhouses, which is beneficial to prevention and control in the winter.
Controlling gray mold can use 15% Pythium? Chlorothalonil smoke agent, 20% Pythium? Chlorothalonil smoke, 15% procymidone, 50% boscalid dispersible granules, 40% pyrimidine Carbendazim suspension, 65% methyl sulfide? Bacterial Widow WP and other agents.
22% frost urea can be used to control downy mildew? Chlorothalonil smoke agent, 20% Pythium? Chlorothalillic smoke, 40% chlorothalonil, 10% sulfur? Chlorothalonil, 47% enoyl? Azopyrimidine Suspension, 60% Zos Daisen water dispersible granules and other drugs.
The prevention of damping-off disease can choose 10% enemy sulfur? Fumei double wettable powder, 20% copper acetate wettable powder and other agents.
For spider mites, 0.5% veratridine solution can be used and 25 g/L beta-cypermethrin EC can be used.
For the control of thrips, 10% spinosad suspension, 20% dinotefuran soluble granules, 60 g/l spinosyn suspension, 240 g/l chlorfenapyr suspension were used.
Controlling aphids can use 10% Isoproxim smoke, 15% Dichlorvos, 12% Aphid? Isoprove smoke, 1.5% matrine solution and 7.5% rotenone emulsifiable concentrate.
The control of Bemisia tabaci can use 99% mineral oil EC, 22.4% spirotetramat suspension, 50% clothianidin water dispersible granules and 5% high chlorine? Acetamiprid WP and so on.
Cortical Screws And Cancellous Screws
Cortical screws and cancellous screws
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