In recent years, late-maturing japonica rice varieties have been widely used in Nanjing, and rice cultivating time has been delayed. This has led to shortened transplantable crops and rough soil preparation, which seriously affects transplanting quality. At the same time, the rapeseed sowing period and transplanting period are not well connected, the seedlings are too long and the quality of the seedlings is poor. After the transplanting, some “high-legged seedlings†are severely damaged in the winter and the spring in the frosty field is severe. In addition, the rural labor force is scarce and mechanized. The degree is low, and the transplanting period of rapeseed is often delayed till the middle or late November. During the growth process, it is susceptible to the drought or continuous rain in autumn, and the low temperature and wet damage during the winter, and the growth advantage is lost before winter. Because there is no basis for the growth of winter, the spring is vulnerable to frost damage and waterlogging, and it is difficult to obtain high yield. However, the control measures of rapeseed population quality are difficult to achieve, and the yield is not high and unstable. In order to ensure the production of rapeseed, the author has conducted practical explorations and summarized the techniques for high-yielding cultivation of late-season rice and late rapeseed rape, which are briefly described below.
The selected varieties were selected from varieties such as eucalyptus oil 737 and Qinyou 10 which were resistant to late sowing, strong cold resistance, good spring growth, good growth, and high yield and stability. Under the premise of ensuring high quality and high yield of rice, the selection of a japonica rice variety with short growing period and early cultivars to grow rapeseed will make the transplanting period of the rape not too late, which is beneficial to the high yield of rice and rapeseed.
The seedlings will be planted in a timely manner, and the sowing date will generally be in late September until the National Day. Select seedbeds, fine soil preparation, and suitable amount of fertilizers for seedbeds. To control the sowing volume, the general seeding rate per acre net seedbed is 0.6 kg, and the ratio between seedbed and field is controlled at 1:5. Before sowing, often check the seedbed humidity before emergence, humidity is not enough to water, and strive to Qimiao; Qimiao and time seedlings, Dingmiao; combine seedbed fertility, see seedlings as appropriate fertilization, appropriate control of fertilizer and water, and pay attention to pest control; seedbed late refining Seedlings, promote seedlings Laojian. When transplanting, weak seedlings and "high-legged seedlings" were removed.
In order to make full use of the advantages of mechanical operations in a timely manner, the rice field should be ploughed with a medium-sized tractor in time after rice ploughing. The field surface should be leveled and smashed, and trenches should be used to open trenches so that irrigation can be performed. In order to ensure the quality of soil preparation, drainage and drainage should be conducted in the late stage of rice maturity. After the fall of autumn in Nanjing, it often encountered continuous rainy weather, shortening the effective time for rapeseed preparation and transplanting. According to the actual situation, the method of no-tillage and less tillage can be adopted. The first ditching and transplanting are necessary to facilitate the growth of rape seedlings and live plants. When the soil moisture is suitable, the work of clearing the ditch, weeding and protecting seedlings will be done.
Reasonable dense planting analysis from the factors of yield of rapeseed, the lack of transplanting density in recent years is an important factor restricting the increase of rapeseed yield. Transplanting should be carried out by changing the width of the crop to a narrow crop. The line spacing should be narrow and wide, and the transplanting density should be about 8,000 per acre. Late planting rape seedlings should pay attention to less cut roots, do not hurt the leaves, and more with soil. Size seedlings are transplanted separately to ensure planting density. Grab the time, grab the rapeseed season, make full use of the limited high temperature before the winter, and accelerate the seedlings to live and return to green, and strive to maximize the chance of having a larger seedling overwintering.
The management of fertilizer and fertilizer for late planting of rapeseed should be carried out earlier. Based on the increase of the amount of compound fertilizer in the base fertilizer, the seedling fertilizer should be applied early after transplanting so as to meet the needs of the growth of rapeseed before winter. In order to promote inflorescence differentiation and improve the quality of pods, winter fertilization should adopt the methods of “reapplying glutinous rice, glutinous rice, and waxy radish†to ensure that the demand for nutrients is not disjointed after the rape enters the fast growth period in spring. See the seedlings in the flood season to appropriate fertilizer. Before the rapeseed is transplanted, it is necessary to open a good ditch in the field, especially the paddy fields and floodplains, to ditch in advance to reduce the groundwater level and soil water content. When rape is transplanted, it must prevent rotting and rot cultivation, and it should not be transplanted on rainy days to prevent the accumulation of water in the roots and the dead seedlings from causing dead seedlings. After planting drought, it is necessary to adopt furrow irrigation and drowning methods to prevent drought.
Prevention and control of grass damage due to the delay in the planting season, weeds suitable control period becomes shorter, we must grasp the good condition of the field, grass condition and temperature, timely removal of work, control weeds spread.
The selected varieties were selected from varieties such as eucalyptus oil 737 and Qinyou 10 which were resistant to late sowing, strong cold resistance, good spring growth, good growth, and high yield and stability. Under the premise of ensuring high quality and high yield of rice, the selection of a japonica rice variety with short growing period and early cultivars to grow rapeseed will make the transplanting period of the rape not too late, which is beneficial to the high yield of rice and rapeseed.
The seedlings will be planted in a timely manner, and the sowing date will generally be in late September until the National Day. Select seedbeds, fine soil preparation, and suitable amount of fertilizers for seedbeds. To control the sowing volume, the general seeding rate per acre net seedbed is 0.6 kg, and the ratio between seedbed and field is controlled at 1:5. Before sowing, often check the seedbed humidity before emergence, humidity is not enough to water, and strive to Qimiao; Qimiao and time seedlings, Dingmiao; combine seedbed fertility, see seedlings as appropriate fertilization, appropriate control of fertilizer and water, and pay attention to pest control; seedbed late refining Seedlings, promote seedlings Laojian. When transplanting, weak seedlings and "high-legged seedlings" were removed.
In order to make full use of the advantages of mechanical operations in a timely manner, the rice field should be ploughed with a medium-sized tractor in time after rice ploughing. The field surface should be leveled and smashed, and trenches should be used to open trenches so that irrigation can be performed. In order to ensure the quality of soil preparation, drainage and drainage should be conducted in the late stage of rice maturity. After the fall of autumn in Nanjing, it often encountered continuous rainy weather, shortening the effective time for rapeseed preparation and transplanting. According to the actual situation, the method of no-tillage and less tillage can be adopted. The first ditching and transplanting are necessary to facilitate the growth of rape seedlings and live plants. When the soil moisture is suitable, the work of clearing the ditch, weeding and protecting seedlings will be done.
Reasonable dense planting analysis from the factors of yield of rapeseed, the lack of transplanting density in recent years is an important factor restricting the increase of rapeseed yield. Transplanting should be carried out by changing the width of the crop to a narrow crop. The line spacing should be narrow and wide, and the transplanting density should be about 8,000 per acre. Late planting rape seedlings should pay attention to less cut roots, do not hurt the leaves, and more with soil. Size seedlings are transplanted separately to ensure planting density. Grab the time, grab the rapeseed season, make full use of the limited high temperature before the winter, and accelerate the seedlings to live and return to green, and strive to maximize the chance of having a larger seedling overwintering.
The management of fertilizer and fertilizer for late planting of rapeseed should be carried out earlier. Based on the increase of the amount of compound fertilizer in the base fertilizer, the seedling fertilizer should be applied early after transplanting so as to meet the needs of the growth of rapeseed before winter. In order to promote inflorescence differentiation and improve the quality of pods, winter fertilization should adopt the methods of “reapplying glutinous rice, glutinous rice, and waxy radish†to ensure that the demand for nutrients is not disjointed after the rape enters the fast growth period in spring. See the seedlings in the flood season to appropriate fertilizer. Before the rapeseed is transplanted, it is necessary to open a good ditch in the field, especially the paddy fields and floodplains, to ditch in advance to reduce the groundwater level and soil water content. When rape is transplanted, it must prevent rotting and rot cultivation, and it should not be transplanted on rainy days to prevent the accumulation of water in the roots and the dead seedlings from causing dead seedlings. After planting drought, it is necessary to adopt furrow irrigation and drowning methods to prevent drought.
Prevention and control of grass damage due to the delay in the planting season, weeds suitable control period becomes shorter, we must grasp the good condition of the field, grass condition and temperature, timely removal of work, control weeds spread.
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