The disease is also one of the more common diseases of pepper. In the seedling stage and adult stage, the stems, leaves and fruits of peppers may be infected with the disease; for the seriously damaged fields, the yield can be reduced by more than 50%, which seriously affects the efficiency of pepper planting.
1. The pathogen and spread of pepper blight
Capsicum blight is caused by the infection of Phytophthora capsici fungi from the genus Giardia. The temperature suitable for the growth of Phytophthora capsici fungi is 10-37 ° C, and the most suitable temperature is 20-30 ° C; the pathogen is generally deposited on the surface of the seed, inside the seed or in the soil. Pathogens can invade from the stomata, wounds or epidermis of plants or fruits by means of wind, rain, irrigation, and other farming activities, resulting in the occurrence of pepper blight.
2. The incidence of pepper blight
There are many reasons for the occurrence of epidemics, such as heavy sputum, poor drainage, low-lying plots, excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer, excessive density, and weak plants, all of which may cause disease. For greenhouse peppers, if the relative humidity of the air in the greenhouse is more than 90%, it is very likely to cause epidemics.
3. Symptoms of pepper blight
The main root of the pepper plant is infected, and light brown moist plaques begin to appear, gradually turning into dark brown and wet rot. Plant stems are mostly infected near the ground; in the early stage of the disease, dark green, moist, amorphous plaques appear, and then black lesions gradually form. When the leaves of the plant are infected, the diseased spots with inconspicuous brown edges will appear at the beginning of the disease, and the diseased leaves will soon fall off due to wet rot. After the main root or stem of the pepper plant is infected, the leaves of the damaged plant will wilting and fall off. The pepper fruit is infected, the infected part is hot water burned, the lesion is dark green or dirty brown, the edge is not obvious, and the fruit will partially or completely rot in the late stage of the disease.
4. Control measures for pepper blight
(1) shallow cultivating. For the field where the soil moisture is high and the soil texture is sticky, shallow cultivating is carried out in a large row to reduce soil moisture, increase soil permeability, and improve the disease resistance of pepper roots. When cultivating, be careful not to damage the branches and leaves of the pepper.
(2) Reasonable irrigation. During the fruiting period of peppering from July to August, special attention should be paid to the selection of 4 to 5 sunny irrigations in a row. Small irrigation or inter-row irrigation should be carried out. It should not be flooded with large water, water infused with water, or water leaking from the canal. Apply copper sulphate in combination with irrigation, 1~1.5 kg per acre, spread the copper sulphate evenly on the ground (for even use, add some sand), then lightly irrigate, or dissolve copper sulphate in water first, and fill with water at the nozzle. field.
(3) Spray control. In the field, it can spray 64% anti-virus cockroaches, M8 wettable powder 400-500 times or 25% toxic mildew 800 times liquid, 50% ruthenium copper 1000 times liquid, and secondly spray 75% mancozeb WP 400 ~500 times, 60% DC 800 times, Dixon 500 times, etc. have good results.
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