Sanhua Li is the most famous and famous fruit of Wengyuan. Sanhua Town of Wengyuan County is the birthplace of Sanhua Li. It has a long history of planting Sanhua Li. According to historical records, the planting time of Sanhua Li is Ming Dynasty. During the Jiajing period, Sanhua’s history of planting records in Liyou has been nearly five hundred years. "Ci Hai" and "China's native special production and resignation" are both recorded. Sanhua Li is a native of Wengyuan.
Sanhua Li belongs to the family Rosaceae. It is one of the Chinese genus. It was firstly named after Sanhua Li in Wengyuan County, Guangdong Province. Sanhua Liguo Meat is rich in nutrients, dark-red meat, aromatic odor, and crisp and refreshing meat. Astringent, fruity and sweet. During the mature period between the Lunar New Year and the summer solstice, the history is known as the "Lingnan Summer Fruit King." Sanhuali varieties include Da Mie Li, Ji Ma Li, and Xiao Mi Li, among which Da Mie Li and Ji Ma Li promote the most in Wengyuan and other places.
Historical situation
Sanhua Town has a traditional habit of planting Li. According to historical records, the peak period of Sanhua Li’s most prosperous period was in the 1950s and early 1960s. At that time, nearly 3,000 mu of land was planted in the town, and basically Sanhua was planted along the banks of the Yongjiang River. Li, the annual supply and marketing cooperative acquired 250,000 kilograms of Lihua. In the late 1960s, due to the influence of “cutting capitalist tails,†Sanhua Li Shu was heavily cut down, and Lihuashu, the county’s Sanhua, had little left. After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Party Central Committee, successive county party committees and county governments attached great importance to fruit production and actively guided people to plant Sanhua Li. Especially in the late 1980s and 1990s, the Sanhua Li plantation area in Wengyuan County expanded rapidly. .
legend
It is said that more than one thousand years ago, Shao Tang, a poet of the late Tang Dynasty, was a young man who chose the stone of the river in the Sanhua section of Wengyuan, Guangdong, and built a book to study hard. Outside the hall, the water flowed into the hall and the book inside the hall shouted. One day, there was a fairy wandering near the Jiuxian Temple and went to see the shamelessness of Shao Yong. When Sin Weng is extremely moved, he will present a green fruit. After Shao Yan ate the green fruit, he suddenly felt sleepy and completely refreshed. He hurriedly picked up the nucleus and planted it on the bank of the Yahu Lake. Later, this green fruit was called “Sanhua Li†by the name “Sanhua†and was handed down from generation to generation; the stone pillar of the bookhouse that Shao Shao studied at night was the “Shutangshi†of celebrities.
Climate conditions
Sanhua Li is a temperate deciduous fruit tree with strong adaptability to the climate, but the flowering season suffers from low temperature frost or rain, resulting in serious flowering and even loss. On the other hand, the spring temperature is high, and the first leaf is followed by flowering, which is also unfavorable to the result. Sanhua Li is a Xiguang fruit tree, which is not suitable for cultivation in places with poor sunlight. It pays attention to planting density and plastic trimming to meet its light requirements. Insufficient light affects not only the growth results but also the fruit quality and color. Hua Li's requirements for the soil are not severe, as long as the soil is rather deep and not too thin, no matter what kind of soil can be planted.
Geographical indication protection
According to the "Regulations on the Protection of Geographical Indication Products", the AQSIQ has organized a review of Sanhua Li's application for protection of geographical indication products. After passing the review, it is now approved that Sanhua Li will implement the protection of geographical indication products from that day onwards.
protected range
The protection scope of Sanhua Li's geographical indication products is the jurisdiction of the administrative areas of the three towns of Longxian Town, Damba Town and Jiangwei Town of Wengyuan County, Guangdong Province.
Special signs use
Producers within the scope of Sanhua Li’s GI product protection may apply to the Wengyuan County Bureau of Quality and Technology Supervision of Guangdong Province for the use of “Special Marks for Geographical Indication Productsâ€, which shall be subject to review by the Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision and the AQSIQ. Announcement approval. Sanhua Li’s statutory testing agency is designated by the Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision.
Quality and technical requirements
(a) Variety.
Chicken plum, big honey Lee.
(b) site conditions.
Loam and sandy loam were selected and the soil thickness was ≥60cm. pH 6 to 6.5, organic matter content ≥ 2.0%.
(c) Cultivation and management.
1. Nursery: Grafting seedlings with nectarine as rootstock.
2. Colonization:
(1) Time: December 20 to February 5 of the following year.
(2) Density: The total number of plants planted per hectare is ≤ 630 strains.
3. Fertilization: Fertilized organic fertilizer ≥ 15 tons per hectare, bean cake fertilizer ≥ 2.5 tons, and nitrogen fertilizer ≤ 0.15 tons.
4. Pruning: Pruning mainly in winter to ensure that the crown is airy and transparent.
5. Environment and safety requirements: The use of pesticides, fertilizers, etc. must comply with the relevant national regulations and must not pollute the environment.
(d) Harvesting.
In mid-June, when fruit coloring ≥ 1/3, harvested in batches.
(five) quality characteristics.
1. Sensory characteristics: fruit round or nearly round, single fruit weight ≥ 40g, fruit powder thick, purple skin. With aroma, texture crisp, honey flavor.
2. Physical and chemical indicators:
(1) Big honey plum: The fruit hardness is 7.0kg to 8.5kg/cm2, the soluble solids is ≥13.0%, and the titratable acidity is ≤0.90%.
(2) Chicken plum: The fruit hardness is 7.5kg to 9.0kg/cm2, soluble solids ≥12.5%, titratable acidity ≤0.95%.
3. Safety requirements: Product safety indicators must meet the relevant national regulations for similar products.
Nutritional value
Sanhua Li belongs to the Rosaceae family and is one of the Chinese genus Prunus. It was firstly planted in Sanhua Town, Wengyuan County, Guangdong Province. It has strong adaptability, easy to plant, easy to grow, fast growth, early results, general results can be achieved after 3 years of planting, 5 years into the high yield period, the average yield per mu between 1500-2500 kg, high yield and stable production.
Sanhua Li Guohong red meat, bright color, a large flesh, crisp meat, sweet and sour, aromatic odor, fruit sugar, protein, carotene, riboflavin, etc., contains vitamin C17.5 per 100 ml juice -28.7 mg, excellent flavor quality, high nutritional value, both as a good fruit of fresh food, but also a good raw material for processing fruit.
Sanhua Li has a good maintenance effect on liver disease. The famous doctor Sun Siyi of the Tang Dynasty evaluated Sanhua Li Shishi once and said: "The liver disease is suitable for food." Sanhua Lizhong's vitamin B12 has a role in promoting hemoglobin regeneration. Anemia, moderate consumption of Sanhua Li, has great health benefits. Sanhua Lee's rejuvenating facial power is very fancy, often eating fresh Sanhua Li, can make the face clean and jade, it is a rare natural beauty of modern beauty. Sanhua Liquor is known as "stationary wine." The theory of traditional Chinese medicine in the motherland states that Li Weigan is sour and cool, and has the effects of clearing liver and purifying heat, producing body fluid, and urinating. Particularly suitable for the treatment of stomach yin deficiency, thirsty throat, abdominal edema, urination and other symptoms.
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