At present, it is during the busy spring season. In recent days, many farmers’ friends have made inquiries regarding many fertilization technologies. To this end, experts are invited to provide answers to some of the representative questions for reference only.
Ms. Ge from Tianchang County, Anhui Province, Q: How should fertilization be applied to the machine? What is the deep-side fertilization technique for paddy rice?
Answer: Generally speaking, machine inserting rice seedlings is small and the seedling growth period is longer, but the tillering after the seedling growth is rapid. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of soil preparation, we must combine the rational application of fertilizer with the scientific management of water, and conduct comprehensive management. For fertilization, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers should be used in conjunction with the application of nitrogen fertilizer at different stages. It is recommended that the proportion of nitrogen applied at different stages be: basic fertilizer: manure: booting fertilizer = 4:2:4. At the same time, in terms of water management, shallow water transplants should be implemented. Improve the quality of rice transplanting; appropriate drying during the tillering period to promote roots under the bar and strong seedlings; booting phase should be alternating wet and dry, filling period to maintain the water layer to increase the number of grains per spike and increase grain weight. Specific fertilization and water management, but also see the quality, depth and seedling transplanting, must not be applied.
Rice transplanter deep insertion and fertilization is a high-yielding cultivation technique that is being tried out and promoted in recent years in 1985 in Heilongjiang Province. It is quantifying the chemical fertilizer buried in the depth of 4 to 5 centimeters and the distance from the seedling belt. ~ 6 cm of paddy soil. Because the fertilizer slowly dissolves in the soil, it can continue to function during the entire growth period of the rice, thus significantly improving the fertilizer utilization rate. Compared with conventional machine-assisted rice fertilization, the total amount of fertilization can be appropriately reduced and concentrated in the transplanting, but it is still necessary to pay attention to whether or not defertilization occurs in the later period.
Mr. Wang of Shouguang City, Shandong Province and Mr. Sun of Donggang City, Liaoning Province asked: Is the lack of vegetables in greenhouses caused by excessive fertilizer application?
A: There are interactions between nutrients, and the effect is related to whether fertilization is reasonable or not. When the fertilizer application is reasonable, different nutrients can promote each other. For example, when nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers are properly combined, the yield can be increased, the quality can be improved, the environmental pollution can be prevented, and the fertilizer utilization rate can be improved; and when the fertilization is unreasonable, the nutrient supply is unregulated. When it happens, it will have the opposite effect. For example, greenhouses in early spring were not timely and moderately exposed, and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer resulted in imbalanced metabolism of carbon and nitrogen nutrients in vegetables. They were thin and weak, not only reduced in quality but also susceptible to pests and diseases; one application of potassium fertilizer or application of ammonium Excessive amount of nitrogen fertilizer leads to calcium deficiency and magnesium deficiency in vegetables. Excessive use of phosphate fertilizer causes zinc deficiency and iron deficiency in crops. Therefore, in order to better play the role of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, but also to prevent "more carbon deficiency nitrogen; potassium more calcium, magnesium; phosphorus more iron and zinc deficiency."
Ms. Xiangchuan County of Jiangxi Province and Mr. Lu of Jingmen City, Hubei Province asked: How to overcome the size of citrus?
A: It is suggested that the following points should be grasped from the perspective of rational fertilization and integrated nutrient management:
In the autumn, basal fertilization is adequately applied. Before and after fruit harvesting in autumn, for each fruit tree with 50 to 60 trees per acre, each farmhouse has 35 to 65 kilograms of manure (equivalent to 2,000 to 4,000 kilograms of Mushi), and about 1 to 1.2 kilograms of general-purpose compound fertilizer or an equivalent amount of fertilizer. Single fertilizer to restore and strengthen the nutrient reserves of the tree.
Reasonable pruning in the spring. With appropriate fertilization, cut off the "independent prosperous branches, drooping branches, old and sick branches," to coordinate the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. This will not only improve ventilation and light transmission, but also reduce unnecessary loss of nutrients.
Apply sufficient fruit fertilizer in summer. In the long fruit period after physiological fruiting in summer, the demand for nutrients is large, and the balanced supply of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is required, which is the key period for citrus fertilizer. In the early fruit enlargement period, 1 to 1.5 kg of a general-purpose or high-nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer can be applied to each tree, or an equivalent amount of elemental fertilizer can be used.
Mr. Li from Bayan County, Heilongjiang Province asked: Is the deficiency of crops caused by insufficient fertilization? Do you need to make supplements?
A: The symptoms of deficiency in crops are not necessarily due to insufficient fertilization. They are exposed to conditions such as drought, flood damage, frost damage, salt damage, etc., so that the root system of crops cannot normally absorb and use fertilizers, and there will also be symptoms of nutrient deficiency. Therefore, to overcome the shortage of crops, it is necessary not only to apply fertilizers rationally, but also to create favorable conditions for the absorption and utilization of fertilizer nutrients by crops.
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